Adversarial Branch Architecture Search for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) is a key issue in visual recognition, as it allows to bridge different visual domains enabling robust performances in the real world. To date, all proposed approaches rely on human expertise to manually adapt a given UDA method (e.g. DANN) to a specific backbone architecture (e.g. ResNet). This dependency on handcrafted designs limits the applicability of a given approach in time, as old methods need to be constantly adapted to novel backbones.Existing Neural Architecture Search (NAS) approaches cannot be directly applied to mitigate this issue, as they rely on labels that are not available in the UDA setting. Furthermore, most NAS methods search for full architectures, which precludes the use of pre-trained models, essential in a vast range of UDA settings for reaching SOTA results.To the best of our knowledge, no prior work has addressed these aspects in the context of NAS for UDA. Here we tackle both aspects with an Adversarial Branch Architecture Search for UDA (ABAS): i. we address the lack of target labels by a novel data-driven ensemble approach for model selection; and ii. we search for an auxiliary adversarial branch, attached to a pre-trained backbone, which drives the domain alignment. We extensively validate ABAS to improve two modern UDA techniques, DANN and ALDA, on three standard visual recognition datasets (Office31, Office-Home and PACS). In all cases, ABAS robustly finds the adversarial branch architectures and parameters which yield best performances. https://github.com/lr94/abas

Does clinical findings correlate with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain? A cross sectional study

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) helps to clearly visualize the disorders in temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the relationship between cross-sectional and clinical findings has not been precisely established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between clinical symptoms and MRI findings in individuals with TMJ pain. This cross-sectional study, conducted on the clinical and MRI findings of the patients, who applied to U?ak University, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic with TMJ pain between the years 2016-2019. The primary predictor variables were MRI findings; disc position (normal, disc displacement with reduction (DDWR), disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR)), disc structural distortion (normal, folded, lengthened, round, biconvex, thick), condyle degeneration type (normal, moderate, severe) and joint effusion (JE) (absent, present). The primary outcome variable was pain, recorded on a visual analog scale (VAS) (numbered between 0-10). The other variables were demographic variables (age/gender). The relationship between clinical and MRI findings were statistically evaluated. The data were analysed by Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test. Chi-square (x2) test was used for categorical variable comparisons. P values < .05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Clinical and MRI records of 700 TMJ, from 350 patients with the mean age of the 31 (12-65) were evaluated in this study. Statistically significant differences were found between; disc position and pain, disc position and JE; JE and pain; disc structural distortion and pain; and disc structural distortion and disc position. JE was seen more common in DDWOR group. The most common disc distortion, seen in patients with JE, is the folded type. The present study can infer that pain is associated with disc position, JE, disc structural distortion, and DDWOR is associated with JE. Folded type disc is the most common disc type in TMJ with JE

Efektivitas Zeolit Putih dan Zeolit Hijau dalam Menurunkan Kadar Besi (Fe) dan Mangan (Mn) pada Air Sumur Bor

Latar Belakang: Air merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi kehidupan manusia yang memiliki manfaat untuk minum, masak, mandi, mencuci pakaian dan sebagainya. 95% orang di dunia menggunakan air tanah sebagai sumber air bersih, akan tetapi dalam air tanah umumnya mengandung ion logam tinggi seperti Fe dan Mn. Air yang mengandung kadar Fe dan Mn tinggi, apabila dikonsumsi dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan. Batas maksimal keberadaan Fe dan Mn pada air bersih menurut Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017 adalah 1 mg/l dan 0,5 mg/L. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas media filter zeolit putih, filter zeolit hijau, filter kombinasi zeolit putih dengan hijau dalam menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn air sumur bor. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest With Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem filtrasi aliran upflow dengan 3 kali pengulangan pada masing-masing perlakuan media filtrasi yaitu filter A zeolit putih ketebalan 60 cm, filter B zeolit hijau ketebalan 60 cm, fiter C kombinasi zeolit putih ketebalan 30 cm dengan zeolit hijau ketebalan 30 cm, fiter kontrol kosong tanpa media. Hasil: Rata-rata penurunan kadar Fe dan Mn tertinggi yaitu filter A menggunakan media zeolit putih ketebalan 60 cm dapat menurunkan kadar Fe sebesar 2,23 mg/L (48,09%) dan kadar Mn sebesar 0,56 mg/L (30,97%). Kesimpulan : Zeolit putih lebih efektif menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn dalam air dibandingkan dengan perlakuan media zeolit hijau dan media kombinasi antara zeolit putih dengan zeolit hijau. Kata Kunci : Air, Filtrasi, Filter, Zeolit, Kadar Fe dan M

Efektivitas Zeolit Putih dan Zeolit Hijau dalam Menurunkan Kadar Besi (Fe) dan Mangan (Mn) pada Air Sumur Bor

Latar Belakang: Air merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi kehidupan manusia yang memiliki manfaat untuk minum, masak, mandi, mencuci pakaian dan sebagainya. 95% orang di dunia menggunakan air tanah sebagai sumber air bersih, akan tetapi dalam air tanah umumnya mengandung ion logam tinggi seperti Fe dan Mn. Air yang mengandung kadar Fe dan Mn tinggi, apabila dikonsumsi dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan. Batas maksimal keberadaan Fe dan Mn pada air bersih menurut Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017 adalah 1 mg/l dan 0,5 mg/L. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas media filter zeolit putih, filter zeolit hijau, filter kombinasi zeolit putih dengan hijau dalam menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn air sumur bor. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest With Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem filtrasi aliran upflow dengan 3 kali pengulangan pada masing-masing perlakuan media filtrasi yaitu filter A zeolit putih ketebalan 60 cm, filter B zeolit hijau ketebalan 60 cm, fiter C kombinasi zeolit putih ketebalan 30 cm dengan zeolit hijau ketebalan 30 cm, fiter kontrol kosong tanpa media. Hasil: Rata-rata penurunan kadar Fe dan Mn tertinggi yaitu filter A menggunakan media zeolit putih ketebalan 60 cm dapat menurunkan kadar Fe sebesar 2,23 mg/L (48,09%) dan kadar Mn sebesar 0,56 mg/L (30,97%). Kesimpulan : Zeolit putih lebih efektif menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn dalam air dibandingkan dengan perlakuan media zeolit hijau dan media kombinasi antara zeolit putih dengan zeolit hijau. Kata Kunci : Air, Filtrasi, Filter, Zeolit, Kadar Fe dan M

In Vitro Selection of Calli for Salt Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that limit crop production. Responses of six breeding lines (BD-7755, BD-7757, BD-9008, BD-9011, BD-10122, BD-10123 which were named as G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 respectively) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) to NaCl stress were studied in callus induction. Hypocotyl and cotyledon segments were chosen as explants for callus induction in vitro. The six investigated tomato genotypes differed in their callus growth. Tomato seeds were cultured for callus formation and that callus were treated with 0 mM (control), 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM NaCl in nutrient solutions. The effect of the stress applied on the callus was evaluated in 10 DAT (Days After Treatment) and 17 DAT. Different concentrations of NaCl in the medium significantly affected the biomass callus size and callus weight of tomato. G2 and G6 showed excellent performance of tolerance up to 50 mM of NaCl. G6 showed better performance under high salt concentrations i.e., at 100 mM and 200 mM but not at low salt stress. It indicates the expression of functional gene occurs at high salt stress. However it is possible to select callus line tolerant to elevated levels of NaCl stress by sudden exposure to high of NaCl, accordingly a NaCl tolerant cell line was selected from hypocotyls and cotyledon derived callus of tomato which proved to be a true cell line variant. The interaction effect of variety and treatmentrevealed that genotype G6 and G1 were the highest and lowest performer respectively. These findings indicated some salt tolerant tomato genotypes which will be promising for regeneration and for future breeding program. It is quiet necessary to asses accumulation of proline and the anti-oxidant enzymes like Super Oxide Dismutase, Ascorbate Peroxidase and Catalase from the control and stressed callus as they are the indicator of salt tolerance. It is evident that tissue culture technique was able to evaluate several genotypes for salt tolerance into cell level under controlled environment with relatively little space and less time required comparing with such process studies at the whole plant level

DeepTIO: a deep thermal-inertial odometry with visual hallucination

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this recordVisual odometry shows excellent performance in a wide range of environments. However, in visually-denied scenarios (e.g. heavy smoke or darkness), pose estimates degrade or even fail. Thermal cameras are commonly used for perception and inspection when the environment has low visibility. However, their use in odometry estimation is hampered by the lack of robust visual features. In part, this is as a result of the sensor measuring the ambient temperature profile rather than scene appearance and geometry. To overcome this issue, we propose a Deep Neural Network model for thermal-inertial odometry (DeepTIO) by incorporating a visual hallucination network to provide the thermal network with complementary information. The hallucination network is taught to predict fake visual features from thermal images by using Huber loss. We also employ selective fusion to attentively fuse the features from three different modalities, i.e thermal, hallucination, and inertial features. Extensive experiments are performed in hand-held and mobile robot data in benign and smoke-filled environments, showing the efficacy of the proposed model

Rapid hull collapse strength calculations of double hull oil tankers after collisions

The primary objective of this study is to develop a rapid method for calculating hull collapse strength of double hull oil tankers after collisions. For this purpose, the statistical characteristics of hull girder collapse after collision are studied. Four double hull oil tankers with different size are considered: Panamax, Aframax, Suezmax and Very Large Crude Carrier. A set of 50 credible collision scenarios are selected by a sampling technique associated with the collision hazard identification based on the historical ship collision database. Four parameters, namely vertical collision location, damage penetration, striking ship's bulbous bow height, and striking ship's bulbous bow length are determined as a consequence of the corresponding collision scenario. The intelligent supersize finite element method is used to compute the progressive collapse behaviour of hull girder structures with the collision damages so determined. The residual hull girder strength indices can then be determined and formulated in a closed expression associated with collision damages and ship length. The developed formulations will be useful to quickly calculate the hull collapse strength of double hull oil tankers immediately after collisions

Augmented screwdrivers can increase the performance of orthopaedic surgeons compared with use of normal screwdrivers

Orthopaedic screws insertion can be trivialised as a simple procedure, however it is frequently performed poorly. Limited work exists defining how well surgeons insert screws or whether augmented screwdrivers can aid surgeons to reduce stripping rates and optimise tightness. We aimed to establish the performance of surgeons inserting screws and whether this be improved with screwdriver augmentation. 302 orthopaedic surgeons tightened 10 non-locking screws to what they determined to be optimum tightness into artificial bone sheets. The confidence in the screw purchase was given (1–10). A further 10 screws were tightened, using an augmented screwdriver that indicated when a predetermined optimum tightness was reached. The tightness for unstripped insertions under normal conditions and with the augmented screwdriver were 81% (95% CI 79–82%)(n = 1275) and 70% (95% CI 69–72%)(n = 2577) (p < 0.001). The stripping rates were 58% (95% CI 54–61%) and 15% (95% CI 12–17%) respectively (p < 0.001). The confidences when using the normal and augmented screwdrivers respectively were 7.2 and 7.1 in unstripped insertions and 6.2 and 6.5 in stripped insertions. Performance improved with an augmented screwdriver, both in reduced stripping rates and greater accuracy in detecting stripping. Augmenting screwdrivers to indicate optimum tightness offer potentially enormous clinical benefits by improving screw fixation

Characteristics of outdoor falls among older people: A qualitative study

Background Falls are a major threat to older people’s health and wellbeing. Approximately half of falls occur in outdoor environments but little is known about the circumstances in which they occur. We conducted a qualitative study to explore older people’s experiences of outdoor falls to develop understanding of how they may be prevented. Methods We conducted nine focus groups across the UK (England, Wales, and Scotland). Our sample was from urban and rural settings and different environmental landscapes. Participants were aged 65+ and had at least one outdoor fall in the past year. We analysed the data using framework and content analyses. Results Forty-four adults aged 65 – 92 took part and reported their experience of 88 outdoor falls. Outdoor falls occurred in a variety of contexts, though reports suggested the following scenarios may have been more frequent: when crossing a road, in a familiar area, when bystanders were around, and with an unreported or unknown attribution. Most frequently, falls resulted in either minor or moderate injury, feeling embarrassed at the time of the fall, and anxiety about falling again. Ten falls resulted in fracture, but no strong pattern emerged in regard to the contexts of these falls. Anxiety about falling again appeared more prevalent among those that fell in urban settings and who made more visits into their neighbourhood in a typical week. Conclusions This exploratory study has highlighted several aspects of the outdoor environment that may represent risk factors for outdoor falls and associated fear of falling. Health professionals are recommended to consider outdoor environments as well as the home setting when working to prevent falls and increase mobility among older people