275 research outputs found
Hypofibrinolysis in diabetes: a therapeutic target for the reduction of cardiovascular risk
An enhanced thrombotic environment and premature atherosclerosis are key factors for the increased cardiovascular risk in diabetes. The occlusive vascular thrombus, formed secondary to interactions between platelets and coagulation proteins, is composed of a skeleton of fibrin fibres with cellular elements embedded in this network. Diabetes is characterised by quantitative and qualitative changes in coagulation proteins, which collectively increase resistance to fibrinolysis, consequently augmenting thrombosis risk. Current long-term therapies to prevent arterial occlusion in diabetes are focussed on anti-platelet agents, a strategy that fails to address the contribution of coagulation proteins to the enhanced thrombotic milieu. Moreover, antiplatelet treatment is associated with bleeding complications, particularly with newer agents and more aggressive combination therapies, questioning the safety of this approach. Therefore, to safely control thrombosis risk in diabetes, an alternative approach is required with the fibrin network representing a credible therapeutic target. In the current review, we address diabetes-specific mechanistic pathways responsible for hypofibrinolysis including the role of clot structure, defects in the fibrinolytic system and increased incorporation of anti-fibrinolytic proteins into the clot. Future anti-thrombotic therapeutic options are discussed with special emphasis on the potential advantages of modulating incorporation of the anti-fibrinolytic proteins into fibrin networks. This latter approach carries theoretical advantages, including specificity for diabetes, ability to target a particular protein with a possible favourable risk of bleeding. The development of alternative treatment strategies to better control residual thrombosis risk in diabetes will help to reduce vascular events, which remain the main cause of mortality in this condition
Updated measurements of exclusive J/Ï and Ï(2S) production cross-sections in pp collisions at âs = 7 TeV
The differential cross-section as a function of rapidity has been measured for the exclusive production of J/Ï and Ï(2S) mesons in protonâproton collisions at âs = 7 TeV, using data collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 930 pbâ1. The cross-sections times branching fractions to two muons having pseudorapidities between 2.0 and 4.5 are measured to be where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The measurements agree with next-to-leading order QCD predictions as well as with models that include saturation effects
Observation of B(s)0âJ/ÏppÂŻ decays and precision measurements of the B(s)0 masses
The first observation of the decays
B
0
(
s
)
â
J
/
Ï
p
ÂŻ
p
is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
5.2
â
â
fb
â
1
, collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are
B
(
B
0
â
J
/
Ï
p
ÂŻ
p
)
=
[
4.51
±
0.40
(
stat
)
±
0.44
(
syst
)
]
Ă
10
â
7
,
B
(
B
0
s
â
J
/
Ï
p
ÂŻ
p
)
=
[
3.58
±
0.19
(
stat
)
±
0.39
(
syst
)
]
Ă
10
â
6
. For the
B
0
s
meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of
O
(
10
â
9
)
. The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the
B
0
mass as
5279.74
±
0.30
(
stat
)
±
0.10
(
syst
)
â
â
MeV
and the
B
0
s
mass as
5366.85
±
0.19
(
stat
)
±
0.13
(
syst
)
â
â
MeV
Measurement of D s <sup>±</sup> production asymmetry in pp collisions at âs=7 and 8 TeV
The inclusive production asymmetry is measured in collisions
collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of
and 8 TeV. Promptly produced mesons are used, which decay as
, with . The measurement is
performed in bins of transverse momentum, , and rapidity, ,
covering the range GeV and . No kinematic
dependence is observed. Evidence of nonzero production asymmetry is
found with a significance of 3.3 standard deviations.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2018-010.htm
Observation of the decay Î <sub>b</sub> <sup>0</sup> âââÏ(2S)pÏ<sup>â</sup>
International audienceThe Cabibbo-suppressed decay Î âââÏ(2S)pÏ is observed for the first time using a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions corresponding to 1.0, 2.0 and 1.9 fb of integrated luminosity at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, respectively. The Ï(2S) mesons are reconstructed in the ΌΌ final state. The branching fraction with respect to that of the Î âââÏ(2S)pK decay mode is measured to b
Search for CP violation in Îb0âpKâ and Îb0âpÏâ decays
A search for CP violation in Îb0âpKâ and Îb0âpÏâ decays is presented using a sample of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0fbâ1. The CP -violating asymmetries are measured to be ACPpKâ=â0.020±0.013±0.019 and ACPpÏâ=â0.035±0.017±0.020, and their difference ACPpKââACPpÏâ=0.014±0.022±0.010, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These are the most precise measurements of such asymmetries to date
Evidence for an nc(1S)ff- resonance in B0 yc(1S)K+ decays
A Dalitz plot analysis of B0âηc(1S)K+Ï- decays is performed using data samples of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of s=7,8 and 13TeV , corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.7fb-1 . A satisfactory description of the data is obtained when including a contribution representing an exotic ηc(1S)Ï- resonant state. The significance of this exotic resonance is more than three standard deviations, while its mass and width are 4096±20-22+18MeV and 152±58-35+60MeV , respectively. The spin-parity assignments JP=0+ and JP=1- are both consistent with the data. In addition, the first measurement of the B0âηc(1S)K+Ï- branching fraction is performed and gives B(B0âηc(1S)K+Ï-)=(5.73±0.24±0.13±0.66)Ă10-4, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to limited knowledge of external branching fractions
Precision measurement of violation in the penguin-mediated decay
A flavor-tagged time-dependent angular analysis of the decay
is performed using collision data collected
by the LHCb experiment at % at TeV, the center-of-mass energy of
13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1}. The
-violating phase and direct -violation parameter are measured
to be rad and
, respectively, assuming the same values
for all polarization states of the system. In these results, the
first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These parameters
are also determined separately for each polarization state, showing no evidence
for polarization dependence. The results are combined with previous LHCb
measurements using collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV,
yielding rad and . This is the most precise study of time-dependent violation
in a penguin-dominated meson decay. The results are consistent with
symmetry and with the Standard Model predictions.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2023-001.html (LHCb
public pages
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