L’autoévaluation en formation à distance

Comprend des références bibliographiquesQu’est-ce que l’autoévaluation? Quels sont ses buts? Quels peuvent être les objets de l’autoévaluation? Quand et comment planifier une autoévaluation? Ce sont ces quelques questions théoriques qui trouvent des esquisses de réponses dans ce document

Définition d’une famille de tâches

Comprend des références bibliographiquesDéterminer clairement la famille de tâches associée à une compétence s’avère très utile lors de la planification et de la conception du processus d’évaluation. Cela permet de proposer à l’étudiant des tâches l’amenant à développer bel et bien la compétence ciblée puis de la démontrer lors de ses évaluations

The prevention and management of chronic disease in primary care: recommendations from a knowledge translation meeting

BACKGROUND: Seven chronic disease prevention and management programs were implemented across Quebec with funding support from a provincial-private industry funding initiative. Given the complexity of implementing integrated primary care chronic disease management programs, a knowledge transfer meeting was held to share experiences across programs and synthesize common challenges and success factors for implementation. METHODS: The knowledge translation meeting was held in February 2014 in Montreal, Canada. Seventy-five participants consisting of 15 clinicians, 14 researchers, 31 knowledge users, and 15 representatives from the funding agencies were broken up into groups of 10 or 11 and conducted a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis on either the implementation or the evaluation of these chronic disease management programs. Results were reported back to the larger group during a plenary and recorded. Audiotapes were transcribed and summarized using pragmatic thematic analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Strengths to leverage for the implementation of the seven programs include: (1) synergy between clinical and research teams; (2) stakeholders working together; (3) motivation of clinicians; and (4) the fact that the programs are evidence-based. Weaknesses to address include: (1) insufficient resources; (2) organizational change within the clinical sites; (3) lack of referrals from primary care physicians; and (4) lack of access to programs. Strengths to leverage for the evaluation of these programs include: (1) engagement of stakeholders and (2) sharing of knowledge between clinical sites. Weaknesses to address include: (1) lack of referrals; (2) difficulties with data collection; and (3) difficulties in identifying indicators and control groups. Opportunities for both themes include: (1) fostering new and existing partnerships and stakeholder relations; (2) seizing funding opportunities; (3) knowledge transfer; (4) supporting the transformation of professional roles; (5) expand the use of health information technology; and (6) conduct cost evaluations. Fifteen recommendations related to mobilisation of primary care physicians, support for the transformation of professional roles, and strategies aimed at facilitating the implementation and evaluation of chronic disease management programs were formulated based on the discussions at this knowledge translation event. CONCLUSION: The results from this knowledge translation day will help inform the sustainability of these seven chronic disease management programs in Quebec and the implementation and evaluation of similar programs elsewhere

MOESM2 of The prevention and management of chronic disease in primary care: recommendations from a knowledge translation meeting

Additional file 2. List of participants present at the Fonds Pfizer-FRQS-MSSS sur les maladies chroniques knowledge transfer meeting

Data Assimilation for Geophysical Fluids

The ultimate purpose of environmental studies is the forecast of its natural evolution. A prerequisite before a prediction is to retrieve at best the state of the environment. Data assimilation is the ensemble of techniques which, starting from heterogeneous information, permit to retrieve the initial state of a flow. In the first part, the mathematical models governing geophysical flows are presented together with the networks of observations of the atmosphere and of the ocean. In variational methods, we seek for the minimum of a functional estimating the discrepancy between the solution of the model and the observation. The derivation of the optimality system, using the adjoint state, permits to compute a gradient which is used in the optimization. The definition of the cost function permits to take into account the available statistical information through the choice of metrics in the space of observation and in the space of the initial condition. Some examples are presented on simplified models, especially an application in oceanography. Among the tools of optimal control, the adjoint model permits to carry out sensitivity studies, but if we look for the sensitivity of the prediction with respect to the observations, then a second-order analysis should be considered. One of the first methods used for assimilating data in oceanography is the nudging method, adding a forcing term in the equations. A variational variant of nudging method is described and also a so-called Computational Methods for the Atmosphere and the Ocean