The ceramide synthase subunit lac1 regulates cell growth and size in fission yeast

Cell division produces two viable cells of a defined size. Thus, all cells require mechanisms to measure growth and trigger cell division when sufficient growth has occurred. Previous data suggest a model in which growth rate and cell size are mechanistically linked by ceramide-dependent signals in budding yeast. However, the conservation of mechanisms that govern growth control is poorly understood. In fission yeast, ceramide synthase is encoded by two genes, Lac1 and Lag1. Here, we characterize them by using a combination of genetics, microscopy, and lipid analysis. We showed that Lac1 and Lag1 co-immunoprecipitate and co-localize at the endoplasmic reticulum. However, each protein generates different species of ceramides and complex sphingolipids. We further discovered that Lac1, but not Lag1, is specifically required for proper control of cell growth and size in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We propose that specific ceramide and sphingolipid species produced by Lac1 are required for normal control of cell growth and size in fission yeast.Junta de Andalucía P18-FRJ1132Universidad de Sevilla VIPPIT-2020-I.5Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP19H02922, JP21K19088Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades BFU2017-89700-

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Base y dinámica de la microfinanza venezolana

Las experiencias modernas del microcrédito han tenido su origen desde las manifestaciones de organizaciones sin fines de lucro y Organizaciones no Gubernamentales. Sin embargo, estas instituciones, presentaron en un primer momento, limitaciones para su expansión en el entendido de la incapacidad de reponer los fondos para el otorgamiento de nuevos créditos, al ser las tasas de interés más bajas a las del mercado, generaban un patrón en la colocación de recursos como un subsidio bondadoso. De igual forma, el volumen y características de los clientes sometían a los otorgantes a elevados costos de transacción en casi todos los aspectos: estudio, liquidación, seguimiento y retorno; por lo que implicaba la sensación de estructuras ineficientes en comparación con los sectores financieros cercanos, resaltó sin embargo, la descapitalización producto de lo más funesto para este sector: elevada morosidad y alto riesgo que aún marca a la microfinanza como un fantasma inentrañable

Metabolic fingerprint of insulin resistance in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes

<div><p>The present study was aimed at determining the metabolic profile of PMNs in obese subjects, and to explore its potential relationship with insulin resistance (IR). To achieve this goal, a pilot clinical study was performed using PMNs from 17 patients with obesity and IR, and 17 lean controls without IR, which was validated in an additional smaller cohort (consisting of 10 patients and 10 controls). PMNs were isolated from peripheral blood and nuclear magnetic resonance was used to perform the metabolomic analysis. A total of 48 metabolites were quantified. The main metabolic change found in PMNs was a significant increase in 2-aminoisobutyric acid with a direct correlation with HOMA-IR (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.000001) and waist circumference (p<0.000001). By contrast, a decrease of 3-hydroxyisovalerate was observed with an inverse correlation with HOMA-IR (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.001) and waist circumference (p = 0.0001). Notably, the metabolic profile in plasma was different than that obtained in PMNs. In summary, our results suggest that the change in 3-hydroxyisovalerate and 2-aminoisobutyric is the key metabolic fingerprint in PMNs of obese subjects with IR. In addition, our methodology could be an easy and reliable tool for monitoring the effect of treatments in the setting of precision medicine.</p></div

Psicomotricidad relacional : interacción de niños y niñas sordos y oyentes en una escuela de Educación Infantil

El objetivo principal es utilizar la psicomotricidad como un método para relacionar a niños sordos y oyentes con espacios, objetos y personas, y así posibilitar su desarrollo. Otros objetivos son descubrir, conocer y controlar el propio cuerpo, sus posibilidades y limitaciones; relacionarse con adultos y otros niños; observar y explorar activamente su entorno imnediato; regular paulatinamente su comportamiento en las propuestas de juego; y comprender los mensajes orales, gestuales y el lenguaje de signos en los contextos habituales. Durante los meses de marzo y mayo se realizan las sesiones en la sala de psicomotricidad y según la edad de los niños, se modifica el material, la distribución del espacio y la intervición de los educadores, uno de lengua oral y otro de signos. En la sala se crea para los mayores un espacio sensoriomotor, simbólico-afectivo y cognitivo. Después de las sesiones se realiza un encuentro grupal para comentar la experiencia que los mayores plasman en dibujos. Las educadoras evalúan mediante la observación de las sesiones para comprobar la relación que el niño tiene con el espacio, los objetos y sus compañeros, y el tiempo que pasa en cada espacio y con cada objeto.Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de EducaciónMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Pathway analysis.

<p>Pathway analysis with MetPa showing an overview of the most significantly altered pathways.</p

Comparison of anthropometrical and biochemical parameters of obese patients and healthy individuals.

<p>Comparison of anthropometrical and biochemical parameters of obese patients and healthy individuals.</p

¹H NMR spectrum of PMN cells.

<p>¹H NMR spectrum of an aqueous extract of PMN cells from a normal individual acquired at 27 °C with a 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a cryoprobe. The most significant spectral regions are shown: a) aliphatic region, b) aromatic region.</p

Debates Ciencias Sociales

Depósito Legal:lf04120123003072El libro está estructurado en cinco secciones a saber: Ambiente, Cultura, Económica,Política y Socia