Los criados salmantinos durante el siglo XVII (1601-1650): las condiciones laborales

El presente artículo trata de aproximarnos a las condiciones laborales de los criados, fundamentalmente domésticos, de la urbe salmantina a través de los contratos y de los testamentos conservados en los protocolos notariales. Se abordan aspectos como la diversidad de labores a realizar, la duración de los convenios, los salarios o compensaciones recibidas a cambio del trabajo, las penalizaciones por abandonarlo, los motivos de rescisión o las relaciones amo-criado en el ámbito de sus tareas

La familia y la herencia en la Edad Moderna zamorana a través de los testamentos

El testamento constituye el elemento regulador por excelencia de la disposición de los bienes que tanto preocupaban al individuo, no sólo para evitar discordias familiares, las cuales reducían el montante de la herencia y dilataban el cumplimiento de su última voluntad, sino también para poder llevar descargada la conciencia e ir descansado, utilizando la terminología empleada por los testantes. Durante la vida se convenían adelantos de la legítima parterna o materna, pagos parciales de la dote, ayudas para los estudios o monjíos y préstamos interfamiliares que salían a relucir ante la pluma del notario en el momento del óbito para intentar una disposición equitativa de los bienes

A bound on the primes of bad reduction for CM curves of genus 3

We give bounds on the primes of geometric bad reduction for curves of genus three of primitive CM type in terms of the CM orders. In the case of elliptic curves, there are no primes of geometric bad reduction because CM elliptic curves are CM abelian varieties, which have potential good reduction everywhere. However, for genus at least two, the curve can have bad reduction at a prime although the Jacobian has good reduction. Goren and Lauter gave the first bound in the case of genus two. In the cases of hyperelliptic and Picard curves, our results imply bounds on primes appearing in the denominators of invariants and class polynomials, which are important for algorithmic construction of curves with given characteristic polynomials over finite fields

Propietarios de carruajes en Zamora durante la Edad Moderna

Este trabajo es un acercamiento a un tema relacionado con la cultura material, como es el de la utilización de los coches en la ciudad de Zamora entre los siglos XVI y XVIII. A través de fuentes documentales archivísticas, fundamentalmente de protocolos notariales, se perfila el conocimiento de quiénes fueron sus propietarios y la utilización que hicieron de ellos

Osteoporosis and skeletal dysplasia caused by pathogenic variants in SGMS2

Mechanisms leading to osteoporosis are incompletely understood. Genetic disorders with skeletal fragility provide insight into metabolic pathways contributing to bone strength. We evaluated 6 families with rare skeletal phenotypes and osteoporosis by next-generation sequencing. In all the families, we identified a heterozygous variant in SGMS2, a gene prominently expressed in cortical bone and encoding the plasma membrane-resident sphingomyelin synthase SMS2. Four unrelated families shared the same nonsense variant, c.148C>T (p.Arg50*), whereas the other families had a missense variant, c.185T>G (p.IIe62Ser) or c.191T>G (p.Met64Arg). Subjects with p.Arg50* presented with childhood-onset osteoporosis with or without cranial sclerosis. Patients with p.IIe62Ser or p.Met64Arg had a more severe presentation, with neonatal fractures, severe short stature, and spondylometaphyseal dysplasial Several subjects had experienced peripheral facial nerve palsy or other neurological manifestations. Bone biopsies showed markedly altered bone material characteristics, including defective bone mineralization. Osteoclast formation and function in vitro was normal. While the p.Arg50* mutation yielded a catalytically inactive enzyme, p.IIe62Ser and p.Met64Arg each enhanced the rate of de novo sphingomyelin production by blocking export of a functional enzyme from the endoplasmic reticulum. SGMS2 pathogenic variants underlie a spectrum of skeletal conditions, ranging from isolated osteoporosis to complex skeletal dysplasia, suggesting a critical role for plasma membrane-bound sphingomyelin metabolism in skeletal homeostasis.Peer reviewe

Cómo implicarse en ser agente de cambio a través de los ODS y la Agenda 2030

La difusión e implementación de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, dentro de la Agenda del Desarrollo 2030, es un imperativo de la Educación Universitaria y de las Universidades como agentes de sostenibilidad. Alumnos del Máster Propio de Cooperación Internacional impartieron sesiones sobre ODS a alumnado de grado en las Facultades de Periodismo y Ciencias Políticas

Mometasone and desloratadine additive effect on eosinophil survival and cytokine secretion from epithelial cells

Although antihistamines and topical corticosteroids are used in combination to treat allergic rhinitis, their additive effect has not been yet demonstrated. The aim was investigate the antiinflammatory additive effect of mometasone and desloratadine on cytokine and sICAM-1 secretion by epithelial cells, and on eosinophil survival stimulated by human epithelial cells secretions from nasal mucosa and polyps. Methods Epithelial cells obtained from nasal mucosa or polyps were stimulated with 10% fetal bovine serum in presence of mometasone (10-11M-10-5M) with/without desloratadine (10-5M). Cytokine and sICAM-1 concentrations in supernatants were measured by ELISA. Peripheral blood eosinophils were incubated during 4 days with epithelial cell secretions with (10-11M-10-5M) and/or desloratadine (10-5M) and survival assessed by Trypan blue. Results are expressed as percentage (mean ± SEM) compared to control. Results Fetal bovine serum stimulated IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF and sICAM-1 secretion. In mucosa and polyp epithelial cells, mometasone inhibited this induced secretion while desloratadine inhibited IL-6 and IL-8. The combination of 10-5M desloratadine and 10-9M mometasone reduced IL-6 secretion (48 ± 11%, p < 0.05) greater extent than mometasone alone (68 ± 10%) compared to control (100%). Epithelial cell secretions induced eosinophil survival from day 1 to 4, this effect being inhibited by mometasone. At day 4, the combination of mometasone (10-11M) and desloratadine (10-5M) provoked an increased inhibition of eosinophil survival induced by cell secretions (27 ± 5%, p < 0.01) than mometasone (44 ± 7%) or desloratadine (46 ± 7%) alone. Conclusions These results suggest that the combination of desloratadine and mometasone furoate have a greater antinflammatory effect in an in vitro model of eosinophil inflammation than those drugs administered alone