26 research outputs found

    Barrios zero como germen de ciudades sin emisiones.

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    El trascurso del siglo XX está íntimamente relacionado con el nacimiento y auge de las metrópolis contemporáneas. Durante este siglo, el desarrollo de la humanidad se relaciona íntimamente al desarrollo y crecimiento de las ciudades Hoy en día, el 55% de la población mundial vive en áreas urbanas, una proporción que se espera que aumente al 68% para 2050. De alguna manera, las ciudades se distancian de ser un problema para convertirse en una parte fundamental de la solución. Cuanto más se actúa de manera local, más fácil es involucrar a vecinos, empresas y administraciones, porque solamente desde esta acción conjunta se pueden definir vías de trabajo eficientes en la mejora de las ciudades y en el desarrollo sostenible de los territorios. En este proyecto hemos querido conocer en un caso real, cual es el consumo energético y que acciones deberían tomarse para que fuera un barrio cero emisiones, bajo la hipótesis de que el planteamiento de las actuaciones de revitalización de barrios y su sostenibilidad energética se deben hacer desde el esfuerzo comunitario, partiendo de la reflexión sobre la creación de distritos de energía casi nula basados en una economía baja en carbono, como un proceso en el que los vecinos estén concienciados de que la mitigación del cambio climático parte de la voluntad de ellos mismos para la modificación de sus hábitos de consumo, la gestión de la demanda energética y en el conocimiento de los factores que hacen más sostenible el futuro de las ciudades. Hemos evaluado a modo de proyecto piloto, un barrio de Málaga, con el fin de establecer las acciones para convertir el barrio en un espacio libre de emisiones, estableciendo una metodología propia, que parte de los consumos de los barrios, lo relaciona con las posibles acciones vinculadas, así como sus consecuencias en las posibles mejoras de la sostenibilidad energética urbana

    Nefrotoxicidad inducida por fármacos en el periodo perioperatorio y la UCI

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    Nephrotoxicity is defined as any kidney injury caused directly or indirectly by drugs, clinically depicted as acute renal failure, tubulopathy or glomerulopathy. Kidney damage can be preventable by knowing the drugs used in the perioperative period and intensive care unit. Pillars of nephrotoxic kidney damage management include reducing renal exposure to the toxic agent, correcting hydroelectrolytic disorders or hypovolemia, serum level determination, avoiding combinations of drugs from synergistically producing kidney damage, and trying to find therapeutic alternatives. This review aims to analyze alterations in renal function that can be caused by drugs used by anesthesiologists in their usual clinical practice. Thus, knowing these nephrotoxic drugs, the anesthesiologist will be able to detect early the renal impact of their administration and reduce the incidence of adverse effects. For the preparation of this review a bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed and Medline with the following strategy: (Nephrotoxicity OR toxicity) AND (acute renal injury OR CRRT) AND (drugs OR anesthetics). Isolated clinical cases or articles not published in English or Spanish, as well as bibliography with a publication date prior to 1990, were excluded.La nefrotoxicidad se define como la lesión renal provocada de forma directa o indirecta por fármacos, representándose clínicamente como insuficiencia renal aguda, tubulopatía o glomerulopatía. El daño renal puede ser prevenible conociendo los fármacos que se utilizan en el periodo perioperatorio y la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Los pilares del manejo del daño renal asociado a nefrotóxicos incluyen reducir la exposición renal al agente tóxico, corrección de trastornos hidroelectrolíticos o la hipovolemia, la determinación sérica de niveles, evitar combinaciones de fármacos produzcan daño renal de forma sinérgica e intentar buscar alternativas terapéuticas. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo analizar las alteraciones de la función renal que pueden causar los fármacos utilizados por los anestesiólogos en su práctica clínica habitual. Conociendo estos fármacos nefrotóxicos, el anestesiólogo podrá detectar de manera precoz la repercusión renal de su administración y conseguir disminuir la incidencia de efectos adversos. Para la elaboración de esta revisión se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y Medline con la siguiente estrategia: (Nephrotoxicity OR toxicity) AND (acute renal injury OR CRRT) AND (drugs OR anesthetics). Se excluyeron casos clínicos aislados o artículos no publicados en ingles o español, así como bibliografía con fecha de publicación anterior al año 1990

    Insuficiencia Renal Aguda en el paciente séptico.

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    Among the organic dysfunctions frequently developed in the context of sepsis, the renal system is involved. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated summary about the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in renal failure within the context of sepsis and the available biomarkers. A bibliographic search was carried out using the PubMed database using the MeSH terminology using the following strategy: [(acute kidney injury) AND (sepsis)], [(pathophysiology) AND (sepsis)], (acute kidney injury) AND (prevention)]. Articles with a date of publication between 2015 and 2020 categorized as narrative review and clinical practice guidelines were reviewed. Articles with a language other than English or Spanish were excluded.Entre las disfunciones orgánicas desarrolladas con frecuencia en el contexto de la sepsis se encuentra involucrado el sistema renal. El propósito de esta revisión es trasmitir un resumen actualizado los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados en el fracaso renal dentro del contexto de la sepsis y los biomarcadores disponibles. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica mediante la base de datos PubMed utilizando la terminología MeSH mediante la siguiente estrategia: [(acute kidney injury) AND (sepsis)], [(patophisiology) AND (sepsis)], (acute kidney injury) AND (prevention)]. Se revisaron artículos con fecha de publicación entre 2015 y 2020 categorizados como revisión narrativa y guías de práctica clínica. Se excluyeron los artículos con idioma distinto al inglés o español

    Smart Solar Micro-exchangers for Sustainable Mobility of University Camps

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    Publicado el resumen en: https://www.wmcaus.org/files/WMCAUS2020_Book.pdf. Pendiente de publicación de las contribuciones en IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.A significant number of universities have several campuses located in urban or rural settings, or with scattered university buildings that require the use of means of transportation. This implies the mobility and potential displacement of a large community of students, professors and researchers. The use of electric bicycles (e-bikes) is an intermediate alternative between the bicycle and electric cars. It can be an important stimulus for the promotion of the decarbonisation of the University Campus, avoiding the traffic congestion and reducing space requirements for parking. This paper presents the smart solar micro-exchanger model managed through a sustainable mobility web platform, applied to the case study of the University of Malaga (Spain). It is a solar charging station for e-bike, whose design is based on the principles of solar architecture (providing great security to e-bike). It managed by a web platform and app that allows the user to make reservations and learn about the savings in CO2 emissions. The system allows performing an aerobic sports activity without sweating problems when you reach the job. The platform also incorporates a database of quiet and safe routes for e-bike users.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

    Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

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    The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

    Myocyte membrane and microdomain modifications in diabetes: determinants of ischemic tolerance and cardioprotection

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    Canopy chlorophyll fluorescence applied to stress detection using an easy-to-build micro-lidar

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    International audienceLEDFLEX is a micro-lidar dedicated to the measurement of vegetation fluorescence. The light source consists of 4 blue Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) to illuminate part of the canopy in order to average the spatial variability of small crops. The fluorescence emitted in response to a 5-μs width pulse is separated from the ambient light through a synchronized detection. Both the reflectance and the fluorescence of the target are acquired simultaneously in exactly the same field of view, as well as the photosynthetic active radiation and air temperature. The footprint is about 1 m 2 at a distance of 8 m. By increasing the number of LEDs longer ranges can be reached. The micro-lidar has been successfully applied under full sunlight conditions to establish the signature of water stress on pea (Pisum Sativum) canopy. Under well-watered conditions the diurnal cycle presents an M shape with a minimum (Fmin) at noon which is Fmin > Fo. After several days withholding watering, Fs decreases and Fmin < Fo. The same patterns were observed on mint (Menta Spicata) and sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) canopies. Active fluorescence measurements with LEDFLEX produced robust fluorescence yield data as a result of the constancy of the excitation intensity and its geometry fixity. Passive methods based on Sun-Induced chlorophyll Fluores-cence (SIF) that uses high-resolution spectrometers generate only flux data and are dependent on both the 3D structure of vegetation and variable irradiance conditions along the day. Parallel measurements with LEDFLEX should greatly improve the interpretation of SIF changes
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