The geoheritage character of the mesetas and hills of São Pedro do Sul and São Vicente do Sul (center-west of Rio Grande do Sul /Brazil)

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de demonstrar o caráter geopatrimonial dos cerros Itaquatiá, São Miguel, Loreto e Seio de Moça, a partir do valor científico, de suporte e cultural destas formas de relevo. Os procedimentos metodológicos compreendem a revisão na literatura especializada, a elaboração de Modelos Digitais de Elevação (MDE), pesquisa de percepção e trabalhos de campo. O valor científico dos cerros investigados ocorre principalmente por que tais cerros estão em área de transição entre duas unidades geomorfológicas do extremo sul do Brasil e demonstram de forma clara a sequência de evolução do relevo na retração de escarpas. O valor de suporte decorre da estruturação de habitats das mesetas e morrotes para espécies de ocorrência muito restrita, como cactáceas e bromeliáceas. Finalmente, o valor cultural está relacionado à importância simbólica e alto grau de relevância destas formas de relevo para as comunidades locais.The present work aims to demonstrate the geoheritage character of the Itaquatiá, São Miguel, Loreto and Seio de Moça hills, based on the scientific, support and cultural value of these landforms. The methodological procedures include a review of specialized literature, the development of Digital Elevation Models (DEM), a perception research and field work. The scientific value of the investigated hills occurs mainly because these hills are in a transition area between two geomorphological units in the extreme south of Brazil and clearly demonstrate the sequence of relief evolution in escarpment retreat. The support value arises from the structuring of habitats on the mesetas and hills for species with very restricted occurrence, such as cactuses and bromeliads. Finally, cultural value is related to the symbolic importance and high degree of relevance of these landforms for local communities

Zika virus infection in the genital tract of non-pregnant females: a systematic review

This review provides a general overview on the positivity and persistence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in female genital tract (FGT) of non-pregnant women and animals, as well as in cell cultures, and its influence on FGT health. We performed a systematic review based on the PRISMA statement to identify studies focused on “Zika virus” and “non-pregnant female” in PubMed, Embase, Scopus Scholar and Web of Knowledge databases of full-text papers and abstracts published in English, with no restrictions regarding the initial date of publication, up to August 2019. Our search terms yielded 625 records, that were 108 after removal of duplicates, leaving 517 items for title and abstract reviews. Of these, 475 did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 42 records for full-text review and resulting in the exclusion of 6 additional records. The remaining 36 met our inclusion criteria. Variations were observed regarding the presence and persistence of ZIKV in lower and upper genital samples. However, the FGT was the place in which ZIKV RNA has been detected, sometimes for relatively long periods, even after the clearance from blood and urine. In addition to the vagina and cervix, the endometrium, uterus and ovary (oocytes and follicles) could also be involved in persistent ZIKV infections. Further prospective studies are needed to assess the effect of ZIKV on FGT health

The experience of Geo.Dia for valuation and divulgation of geological knowledge in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul (RS, Brazil)

The municipality of Caçapava do Sul is the geodiversity capital of Rio Grande do Sul State. This title is due to the scientific importance of its geological heritage. These characteristics allow the development of strategies associated with tourism and conservation. One of these strategies is the Geo.Dia. This project aims to promote the dissemination and valorization of the geological heritage of the municipality. Geo.Dia, held annually in November, since 2015, promotes activities in an outdoor square, as well as field trips to the three main geosites of the municipality. Because of this action, it is possible to envisage a greater insertion of the population in the context of geosciences. In the future, the Geo.Dia project can serve as one of the bases for a Geopark proposal

Os efeitos da diabetes gestacional no recém-nascido: revisão integrativa da literatura

The study aimed to analyze in the literature the effects that gestational diabetes mellitus causes in the newborn. This is an integrative review of the literature, with articles published between 2013 and 2023, in Portuguese and with full text available. The guiding question was used: What are the consequences of gestational diabetes for the newborn? The bibliographic research was carried out between September and November 2023, with searches being carried out in the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar, using the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): gestational diabetes, pregnancy complications, newborn, performing combinations with the terms using the Boolean operator “AND”. The results showed 11 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in which they answered the guiding question about the consequences for the newborn. It is concluded that pregnant women with gestational diabetes are part of the group classified as high-risk pregnancies, which represents a serious public health problem.O estudo objetivou analisar na literatura os efeitos que a diabetes mellitus gestacional causa no recém-nascido. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com artigos publicados entre 2013 a 2023, no idioma português e com texto completo disponível. Utilizou-se como questão norteadora: Quais as consequências da diabetes gestacional ao recém-nascido? A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada entre setembro e novembro de 2023, sendo realizada buscas nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online(SCIELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Google Scholar, por meio dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): diabetes gestacional, complicações na gravidez, recém-nascido, realizando combinações com os termos com o uso do operador booleano “AND”. Os resultados mostraram 11 artigos que obedeceram aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, no qual respondiam a pergunta norteadora das consequências ao recém-nascido. Conclui-se que as gestantes com diabetes gestacional fazem parte do grupo classificado como gravidez de alto risco, o que representa um sério problema de saúde pública

Shoot tip and cotyledon explants of Eucalyptus saligna Sm. cultivated on different kanamycin levels

An efficient selec tive agent helps to obtain transgenic plant s; the most used selective agent for genetic transformation of Eucalypt is kanamycin. The aim of this research was to determine ideal dose of kanamycin in shoot tip and cotyledon explants of E. saligna for use as selective agent in genetic transformation. Two experiments were carried out, first in order to test effects of the kanamycin in cotyledons and second, in order to test effects of the kanamycin in shoot tip. In the cotyledons experiment were tested 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 mg.L-1 kanamycin on a callus formation medium and for shoot tip were tested 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mg.L-1 kanamycin on a multiplication medium. Cotyledons can be selected more quickly than shoot tip, moreover needs lower kanamycin levels than shoot tip, what results more speed and economy during genetic transformation process. It is probable that levels lower than 12.5 mg.L-1 kanamycin must be ideal for the cotyledons selection and 50 mg.L-1kanamycin for shoot tip.Um agente seletivo eficiente é determinante no processo de obtenção de plantas transgênicas; o agente seletivo mais usado para transformação genética de eucalipto é a canamicina. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar as concentrações ideias de canamicina em cotilédones e em ápices caulinares de Eucalyptus salignapara uso como agente seletivo para transformação genética. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos, um para testar os efeitos da canamicina nos cotilédones e o outro para testar os efeitos da canamicina nos ápices caulinares. No experimento com cotilédones foram testadas as seguintes concentrações: 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 mg.L-1 de canamicina em meio para formação de calos e no experimento de ápices caulinares foram testadas as concentrações de 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150 mg.L-1 de canamicina em meio de multiplicação. Cotilédones podem ser selecionados mais rapidamente do que os ápices caulinares, além disso necessitam de menores concentrações de canamicina, o que resultaria maior velocidade e economia durante o processo de transformação genética. É provável que níveis inferiores que 12,5 mg.L-1 de canamicina sejam ideais para a seleção de cotilédones. Para a seleção de ápices caulinares podem ser usados 50 mg.L-1de canamicina

Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (O:6,8) in Broiler Chickens

Background: The third largest poultry flock in Northeast Brazil is located in Ceará State. Some pathogens are commonly disseminated in broiler chicken flocks, such as the bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. Among these, some strains of Escherichia coli are frequently associated with different pathological manifestations in domestic animals, while bacteria from the genus Salmonella are considered the most frequent enteric pathogens reported causing foodborne infections in humans. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli strains isolated from broiler chickens in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza city, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Samples were collected from July-2014 to March-2015 in ten broiler chicken farms located in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza city, Brazil, with birds in pre-slaughter age. From each farm, 100 individual cloacal swabs were randomly collected from broilers independent of clinical status. Distinct methodologies were used in order to provide optimal isolation conditions for both the bacterial species. For Escherichia coli, the methodology consisted in enrichment with BHI broth, plating in EMB agar and biochemical identification, after which some isolates were maintained in nutrient agar for antimicrobial resistance evaluation. For the isolation of Salmonella sp., a standard method was used with pre-enrichment, selective enrichment, selective plating and biochemical identification steps. Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was performed with disk diffusion technique and the following antibiotics were tested: ampicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, polymyxin B, gentamycin, cloranfenicol, tetracycline, azithromycin and fosfomycin. According to the methodology used, 95.9% of samples were positive for Escherichia coli and the most frequent resistance was to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Salmonella sp. was isolated from 0.2% of the samples, which were identified as the serotype Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica O:6,8. Both isolates presented the same antimicrobial resistance profile, which were resistant to six, out of ten tested antibiotics (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol and ceftiofur).Discussion: The low prevalence of Salmonella observed in this study have also been reported by other studies performed in poultry farms in Ceará State, which suggests a good status for this pathogen in the local industry, however further efforts in order to eradicate this pathogen must be applied. The salmonella serotype detected in this study is rarely reported in the literature, especially from the poultry industry. In Brazil, the use of tetracyclines, quinolones and penicillins as feed additives or growth promoters is prohibited; however, a high resistance to drugs from these groups was detected. In addition, multidrug resistant E. coli isolates presented more elevated rates than other studies reported in the literature with antibiotics commonly used in the poultry industry and this may indicate an excessive use of these drugs in the production routine. These results should serve as a warning for surveillance programs to evaluate the incidence of these microorganisms as well as their antimicrobial resistance rates, which may be an important tool for control and prevention in meat poultry production