Логіко-лінгвістична модель як засіб відображення синтаксичних особливостей текстової інформації

Запропоновано використовувати логіко-лінгвістичні моделі як засіб відображення синтаксичних особливостей текстової інформації, перелічено та обґрунтовано правила їх формування, наведено алгоритм створення всіх складових таких моделей.Предложено использовать логико-лингвистические модели как способ отображения синтаксических особенностей текстовой информации, перечислены и обоснованы правила их формирования, приведен алгоритм создания всех составных таких моделей.It is suggested using a logico-linguistic model as a method of display the syntactical features of text information. There are listed and justified the rules for their forming and also are shown an algorithm of creation of all components of such models in this paper

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Vergassing van steenkool in een gefluidiseerd bed

Document(en) uit de collectie Chemische ProcestechnologieDelftChemTechApplied Science

Quantification of esophageal tumor motion on cine-magnetic resonance imaging

Contains fulltext : 136634.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)PURPOSE: To quantify the movement of esophageal tumors noninvasively on cine-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by use of a semiautomatic method to visualize tumor movement directly throughout multiple breathing cycles. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-six patients with esophageal tumors underwent MRI. Tumors were located in the upper (8), middle (7), and lower (21) esophagus. Cine-MR images were collected in the coronal and sagittal plane during 60 seconds at a rate of 2 Hz. An adaptive correlation filter was used to automatically track a previously marked reference point. Tumor movement was measured in the craniocaudal (CC), left-right (LR), and anteroposterior (AP) directions and its relationship along the longitudinal axis of the esophagus was investigated. RESULTS: Tumor registration within the individual images was typically done at a millisecond time scale. The mean (SD) peak-to-peak displacements in the CC, AP, and LR directions were 13.3 (5.2) mm, 4.9 (2.5) mm, and 2.7 (1.2) mm, respectively. The bandwidth to cover 95% of excursions from the mean position (c95) was also calculated to exclude outliers caused by sporadic movements. The mean (SD) c95 values were 10.1 (3.8) mm, 3.7 (1.9) mm, and 2.0 (0.9) mm in the CC, AP, and LR dimensions. The end-exhale phase provided a stable position in the respiratory cycle, compared with more variety in the end-inhale phase. Furthermore, lower tumors showed more movement than did higher tumors in the CC and AP directions. CONCLUSIONS: Intrafraction tumor movement was highly variable between patients. Tumor position proved the most stable during the respiratory cycle in the end-exhale phase. A better understanding of tumor motion makes it possible to individualize radiation delivery strategies accordingly. Cine-MRI is a successful noninvasive modality to analyze motion for this purpose in the future

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in esophageal cancer.

Contains fulltext : 155026.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)PURPOSE: To explore the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in esophageal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 20 patients receiving nCRT for esophageal cancer DW-MRI scanning was performed before nCRT, after 8-13 fractions, and before surgery. The median tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was determined at these three time points. The predictive potential of initial tumor ADC, and change in ADC (DeltaADC) during and after treatment for pathologic complete response (pathCR) and good response were assessed. Good response was defined as pathCR or near-pathCR (tumor regression grade [TRG] 1 or 2). RESULTS: A pathCR after nCRT was found in 4 of 20 patients (20%), and 8 patients (40%) showed a good response to nCRT. The DeltaADCduring was significantly higher in pathCR vs. non-pathCR patients (34.6%+/-10.7% [mean+/-SD] vs. 14.0%+/-13.1%, p=0.016), as well as in good vs. poor responders (30.5%+/-8.3% vs. 9.5%+/-12.5%, p=0.002). The DeltaADCduring was predictive of residual cancer at a threshold of 29% (sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 75%, PPV of 94%, and NPV of 100%), and for poor pathologic response at a threshold of 21% (sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, and NPV of 80%). CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory study, the treatment-induced change in ADC during the first 2-3weeks of nCRT for esophageal cancer seemed highly predictive of histopathologic response. Larger series are warranted to verify these results.1 mei 201

Parametrização do método do perfil instantâneo para a determinação da condutividade hidráulica do solo em experimentos com evaporação Parameterization of the instantaneous profile method to determine soil hydraulic conductivity in evaporation experiments

A condutividade hidráulica do solo é uma propriedade cuja quantificação é essencial para qualquer estudo que envolva o movimento da água no solo. Os métodos para sua determinação baseados na drenagem interna, como o do perfil instantâneo - MPI, são os mais empregados, restringindo-se à determinação da condutividade hidráulica entre a condição de solo saturado e a umidade na capacidade de campo. Com a finalidade de obter a condutividade hidráulica para menores valores de umidade, propôs-se um método de emprego do MPI com evaporação, apresentando-se o procedimento para a determinação do plano de fluxo zero e estimativa da densidade de fluxo. Demonstrou-se a aplicação do método, obtendo-se resultados de condutividade hidráulica para a camada superficial de um perfil monitorado a partir de um experimento de campo realizado durante um período de 12 dias. A profundidade máxima do plano de fluxo zero estimado foi de aproximadamente 0,50 m. A faixa de umidade obtida variou de 0,25 a 0,21 m³ m-3, valores complementares aos obtidos em experimentos sem evaporação no mesmo local. Os resultados indicaram a viabilidade do método, útil especialmente para se estender à faixa de umidade obtida na camada superficial de tais experimentos.<br>Soil hydraulic conductivity is an essential property and its quantification is essential for any study that involves soil water movement. Methods of determination based on internal drainage, such as the instantaneous profile method (IPM) are among the most commonly used, but their determination is restricted to the soil water range between saturation and field capacity. In order to obtain hydraulic conductivity for lower water contents, we propose an IPM that takes into account evaporation as well as a calculation routines to determine the zero flux depth and to estimate flux densities. The application of the method is demonstrated by obtaining results for hydraulic conductivity of the surface layer of a monitored profile in a 12 -day field experiment. The estimated maximum zero flux depth was about 0.50 m. Soil water content varied from 0.25 to 0.21 m³ m-3, complementing the range obtained in experiments without evaporation at the same site. Results confirm the applicability of the method, which is especially useful to extend the range of soil water contents in the surface layer obtained in this kind of experiment

Gross tumour delineation on computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography in oesophageal cancer: A nationwide study

Background and purpose: Accurate delineation of the primary tumour is vital to the success of radiotherapy and even more important for successful boost strategies, aiming for improved local control in oesophageal cancer patients. Therefore, the aim was to assess delineation variability of the gross tumour volume (GTV) between CT and combined PET-CT in oesophageal cancer patients in a multi-institutional study. Materials and methods: Twenty observers from 14 institutes delineated the primary tumour of 6 cases on CT and PET-CT fusion. The delineated volumes, generalized conformity index (CIgen) and standard deviation (SD) in position of the most cranial/caudal slice over the observers were evaluated. For the central delineated region, perpendicular distance between median surface GTV and each individual GTV was evaluated as in-slice SD. Results: After addition of PET, mean GTVs were significantly smaller in 3 cases and larger in 1 case. No difference in CIgen was observed (average 0.67 on CT, 0.69 on PET-CT). On CT cranial-caudal delineation variation ranged between 0.2 and 1.5 cm SD versus 0.2 and 1.3 cm SD on PET-CT. After addition of PET, the cranial and caudal variation was significantly reduced in 1 and 2 cases, respectively. The in-slice SD was on average 0.16 cm in both phases. Conclusion: In some cases considerable GTV delineation variability was observed at the cranial-caudal border. PET significantly influenced the delineated volume in four out of six cases, however its impact on observer variation was limited. Keywords: Oesophageal cancer, GTV delineation, Interobserver variability, FDG-PET/CT, Chemoradiotherap