Changing the Game: The Emergence of NIL Contracts in Collegiate Athletics and the Continued Efficacy of Title IX

On June 30, 2021, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (“NCAA”) suspended a 115-year prohibition on college athletes’ ability to profit from the use of their names, images, and likenesses (“NIL”). Historically, NCAA eligibility was determined by an athlete’s amateur status. Student athletes forewent compensation to preserve a line between professional and college sports. Today, the NCAA’s novel NIL policy recognizes an athlete’s right to publicity and allows them to share in the billions of dollars it generates every year. According to estimates, college athletes earned $917 million in the first year of NIL activity. By 2023, the NIL market is projected to reach$1.14 billion. Despite the abundance of NIL options in the United States, not all athletes benefit. Currently, male athletes receive approximately 74.35% of all NIL compensation. Football and men’s basketball, in particular, receive nearly 71.4% of all NIL deals and 93% of NIL donations. Growth in economic disparity between male and female athletes raises a novel legal question: what role will Title IX, a federal civil rights law enacted to ensure gender equality, play in the NIL era of college sports? This Note analyzes whether Title IX regulations will influence colleges’ and universities’ marketing, promotion, and facilitation of NIL opportunities. In the absence of Title IX’s guarantees of equal access to NIL deals or profits, this Note proposes what could be done to ensure that all public-school students are empowered and uplifted in their pursuit of equitable educational and athletic opportunities

Latex allergy and latex sensitization

Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit einer Nachuntersuchung von Latexallergikern und Latexsensibilisierten und geht der zentralen Frage nach, wie sich Sensibilisierungsgrad und klinische Manifestation der Latexallergie im Laufe der Zeit in Abhängigkeit von der Karenz entwickelt haben. Von 82 diagnostizierten Patienten erschienen 30 zur Nachuntersuchung. Die Ergebnisse der Prick-Testung, Messung der spezifischen Latexantikörper im Serum (RAST Klasse) und der Entwicklung der Symptome wurden in einem Allergie/Sensibilisierungs-Intensitäts-Score (ASI-Score) als vergleichbarem Wert des Allergiestatus zusammengefasst. Der ASI-Score änderte sich im Zeitraum von 3,4 Jahren nicht signifikant. Während sich die Manifestation der Allergie bei keinem Latexallergiker verschlechterte, wurde bei 2 Sensibilisierten die Allergie manifest. Dieser Unterschied war signifikant. Das Ausmaß der Karenz hatte im Gesamtkollektiv jedoch keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf den Verlauf der Allergie.The subject of the present study is the after investigation of patients with latex allergy and sensitization, questioning how the course of allergy and clinical manifestation of the latex allergy developed depending on time and avoidance. Of 82 patients diagnosed 30 showed up for the after investigation. The results of the Prick-test, measurement of the specific latex antibodies in the serum (RAST class), and the development of the symptoms were summarized in an Allergy/Sensitization-Intensity-Score (ASI-Score) as a comparable value of the allergy status. The ASI-Score did not change significantly in the period of 3.4 years. While in the group of allergics the manifestation of allergy did not deteriorate, the allergy became manifest in two of the sensitized patients. This difference was significant. The measurement of the avoidance however had no significant influence on the progress of the allergy

Ouders weten het beter. Een fenomenologisch onderzoek vanuit een zorgethisch perspectief naar de expertise van ouders van chronisch zieke kinderen op de PICU.

Een groot deel van de kinderen die in het ziekenhuis worden opgenomen zijn kinderen met een chronische ziekte. Dit is ook terug te zien in het aantal chronisch zieke kinderen dat op de PICU (Pediatrische Intensive Care Unit) wordt opgenomen. Bij opname van een chronisch ziek kind op de PICU nemen ouders hun expertise over hun kind mee. In deze thesis is onderzocht hoe ouders de rol van hun expertise bij het komen tot goede zorg voor hun kind op de PICU ervaren

Foot impairments and related disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Dekker, J. [Promotor]Steultjens, M.P.M. [Copromotor