Učinak dodataka prehrani acetaminofena i vitamina C na stres i upalni odgovor u korejske autohtone pasmine goveda cijepljene protiv slinavke i šapa - kratko priopćenje

This study evaluated the effect of a combination of acetaminophen and vitamin C (CAV) for reduction of stress and inflammatory responses in calves vaccinated with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine. Twenty-five calves were divided into five groups of 5 calves. The negative control was non-vaccination and non-drug treatment. The positive control, and experimental groups I, II and III were vaccinated with FMD vaccine and treated with CAV at concentrations of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 kg/ton feed, respectively, for five consecutive days post-vaccination. On day 5 post-treatment, serum cortisols and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared with the positive control (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum cortisol and TNF-α levels between experimental groups I and II and the negative control. The results from this study suggest that CAV may be a useful drug for control of the stress and inflammation caused by FMD vaccination in calves.U ovom se radu istražuje učinak kombinacije acetaminofena i vitamina C (CAV) na smanjenje stresa i upalnog odgovora u teladi cijepljene protiv slinavke i šapa. Ukupno 25 životinja podijeljeno je u pet skupina po pet životinja. Životinje u negativnoj kontrolnoj skupini nisu cijepljene i nisu dobile dodatke prehrani. Životinje u pozitivnoj kontrolnoj skupini i pokusnim skupinama I, II i III cijepljene su cjepivom protiv slinavke i šapa i dobile su dodatak prehrani CAV u koncentracijama od 0,0, 0,5, 1,0 i 2,0 kg/toni hrane, pet uzastopnih dana poslije cijepljenja. Peti dan nakon tretmana serumski kortizol i faktor nekroze tumora alfa (TNF-α) bili su znakovito smanjeni u svim pokusnim skupinama u usporedbi s pozitivnom kontrolnom skupinom (P<0,05). Nije bilo znakovite razlike u vrijednostima serumskog kortizola i TNF-α između pokusne skupine 1 i 2 i negativne kontrolne skupine. Rezultati ovoga istraživanja upućuju na to da bi CAV mogao biti koristan u kontroli stresa i upale uzrokovane cjepivom protiv slinavke i šapa u teladi

Grover on SM3

Grover search algorithm accelerates the key search on the symmetric key cipher and the pre-image attack on the hash function. In order to perform Grover search algorithm, the target algorithm should be implemented in a quantum circuit. For this reason, we propose an optimal SM3 hash function (Chinese standard) in a quantum circuit. We focused on minimizing the use of qubits together with reducing the use of quantum gates. To do this, the on-the-fly approach is utilized for message expansion and compression functions. In particular, the previous value is restored and used without allocating new qubits in the permutation operation. Finally, we estimate quantum resources required for the quantum pre-image attack based on the proposed SM3 hash function implementation in the quantum circuit

Suppressive Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Proinflammatory Mediators by Citrus aurantium L. in Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells via NF-κB Signal Pathway

Citrus fruits have been used as an edible fruit and a traditional medicine since ancient times. In particular, the peels of immature citrus fruits are used widely in traditional herbal medicine in Korea, as they are believed to contain bioactive components exerting anti-inflammatory activity. This study examined whether the crude methanol extract of Citrus aurantium L. (CME) has a suppressive effect on inducible enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of CME (5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) and then treated with LPS (1 μg/mL). The results showed that CME (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) inhibited the LPS- (1 μg/mL) induced mRNA and protein expression of iNOS in macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. In addition, the expression of COX-2 was inhibited at the mRNA and protein levels by CME in a dose-dependent manner. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, were markedly reduced by CME (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL). Moreover, CME clearly suppressed the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunits, which was correlated with its inhibitory effect on I-κB phosphorylation. These results suggest that CME has anti-inflammatory properties by modulating the expression of COX-2, iNOS, and proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells via the NF-κB pathway

Cordycepin induces apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting CCL5-mediated Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway

The chemokine, CCL5, is a key mediator for the recruitment of immune cells into tumors and tissues. Akt/NF-κB signaling is significantly activated by CCL5. However, the role of NF-κB inactivation in apoptosis induced by negative regulation of CCL5 remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of cordycepin on NF-κB activity in SKOV-3 cells and found that cordycepin-mediated inhibition of NF-κB signaling induced apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells via the serial activation of caspases. In addition, immune-blotting analysis showed that CCL5 is highly expressed in SKOV-3 cells. In addition to activating caspases, we show that, cordycepin prevents TNF-α-induced increase in CCL5, Akt, NF-κB, and c-FLIPL activation and that CCL5 siRNA could inhibit Akt/NF-κB signaling. Moreover, cordycepin negatively regulated the TNF-α-mediated IκB/NF-κB pathway and c-FLIPL activation to promote JNK phosphorylation, resulting in caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Also, we show that c-FLIPL is rapidly lost in NF-κB activation-deficient. siRNA mediated c-FLIP inhibition increased JNK. SP600125, a selective JNK inhibitor, downregulated p-JNK expression in cordycepin-treated SKOV-3 cells, leading to suppression of cordycepin-induced apoptosis. Thus, these results indicate that cordycepin inhibits CCL5-mediated Akt/NF-κB signaling, which upregulates caspase-3 activation in SKOV-3 cells, supporting the potential of cordycepin as a therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer

Stretchable and transparent electrodes based on in-plane structures

Stretchable electronics has attracted great interest with compelling potential applications that require reliable operation under mechanical deformation. Achieving stretchability in devices, however, requires a deeper understanding of nanoscale materials and mechanics beyond the success of flexible electronics. In this regard, tremendous research efforts have been dedicated toward developing stretchable electrodes, which are one of the most important building blocks for stretchable electronics. Stretchable transparent thin-film electrodes, which retain their electrical conductivity and optical transparency under mechanical deformation, are particularly important for the favourable application of stretchable devices. This minireview summarizes recent advances in stretchable transparent thin-film electrodes, especially employing strategies based on in-plane structures. Various approaches using metal nanomaterials, carbon nanomaterials, and their hybrids are described in terms of preparation processes and their optoelectronic/mechanical properties. Some challenges and perspectives for further advances in stretchable transparent electrodes are also discussed. &amp;#169; 2015 The Royal Society of Chemistry.open0

Constrained generalized predictive control of battery charging process based on a coupled thermoelectric model

Battery temperature is a primary factor affecting the battery performance, and suitable battery temperature control in particular internal temperature control can not only guarantee battery safety but also improve its efficiency. This is however challenging as current controller designs for battery charging have no mechanisms to incorporate such information. This paper proposes a novel battery charging control strategy which applies the constrained generalized predictive control (GPC) to charge a LiFePO₄ battery based on a newly developed coupled thermoelectric model. The control target primarily aims to maintain the battery cell internal temperature within a desirable range while delivering fast charging. To achieve this, the coupled thermoelectric model is firstly introduced to capture the battery behaviours in particular SOC and internal temperature which are not directly measurable in practice. Then a controlled auto-regressive integrated moving average (CARIMA) model whose parameters are identified by the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is developed as an online self-tuning predictive model for a GPC controller. Then the constrained generalized predictive controller is developed to control the charging current. Experiment results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Further, the best region of heat dissipation rate and proper internal temperature set-points are also investigated and analysed

Strain-Mediated Interlayer Coupling Effects on the Excitonic Behaviors in an Epitaxially Grown MoS2/WS2 van der Waals Heterobilayer.

van der Waals heterostructures composed of two different monolayer crystals have recently attracted attention as a powerful and versatile platform for studying fundamental physics, as well as having great potential in future functional devices because of the diversity in the band alignments and the unique interlayer coupling that occurs at the heterojunction interface. However, despite these attractive features, a fundamental understanding of the underlying physics accounting for the effect of interlayer coupling on the interactions between electrons, photons, and phonons in the stacked heterobilayer is still lacking. Here, we demonstrate a detailed analysis of the strain-dependent excitonic behavior of an epitaxially grown MoS2/WS2 vertical heterostructure under uniaxial tensile and compressive strain that enables the interlayer interactions to be modulated along with the electronic band structure. We find that the strain-modulated interlayer coupling directly affects the characteristic combined vibrational and excitonic properties of each monolayer in the heterobilayer. It is further revealed that the relative photoluminescence intensity ratio of WS2 to MoS2 in our heterobilayer increases monotonically with tensile strain and decreases with compressive strain. We attribute the strain-dependent emission behavior of the heterobilayer to the modulation of the band structure for each monolayer, which is dictated by the alterations in the band gap transitions. These findings present an important pathway toward designing heterostructures and flexible devices