Fabrication and characterization of electrospun waste polyethylene terephthalate blended with chitosan: A potential single-use material

Textile single-use products are dominantly used for hygiene and personal care, many of which are non-biodegradable and are frequently discarded into sewerage systems, thus causing blockages. Thus, there is a need to move towards water-soluble textiles. This research study focuses on transforming or repurposing biomass material and synthetic reusable waste plastic materials to improve waste. Chitosan (CS) nanofibers could be used in single-use nonwoven fabric or biodegradable tissues, as the water-soluble properties of chitosan nanofibers make them the perfect material for single-use applications. Furthermore, CS was blended with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer and PET-based waste plastic (CS-WPET) to slow the CS nanofibers’ water degradability and strengthen the durability of the nanofiber which could be used as air filters. The CS-TFA and CS-TFA/DCM nanofiber diameters were 95.58 ± 39.28 nm or 907.94 ± 290.18 nm, respectively, as measured from the HRSEM images. The CS-PET and CS-WPET hybrid nanofibers had fiber diameters of 246.13 ± 96.36 or 58.99 ± 20.40 nm, respectively. The thermal durability of the nanofibers was tested by TGA, which showed that CS-TFA/DCM nanofibers had sufficient thermal stability up to 150 ◦C, making them suitable for filter or fabric use at moderate temperatures. The blended nanofibers (CS-PET and CS-WPET) were thermally stable up to 160 ◦C. In the aqueous medium stability test, CS-PET and CS-WPET hybrid nanofibers had a slower degradation rate and were easily dissolved, while the CS nanofibers were rapidly and completely dissolved in an aqueous medium. Blending waste PET with CS allows it to be recycled into a useful single-use, non-woven textile, with greater water solubility than unmodified PET nanofibers but more durability than CS nanofibers on their own

Consumption of Lactose, Other FODMAPs and Diarrhoea during Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer

Chemotherapy-induced mucosal injury of the small intestine may interfere with the enzymes and transporters responsible for the hydrolysis and absorption of dietary carbohydrates causing diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of foods rich in FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols) and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. The patients (n = 52) filled in a 4-day food diary at baseline and during therapy and kept a symptom diary. The intakes of FODMAP-rich foods were calculated as portions and the intakes were divided into two consumption categories. Patients with high consumption of FODMAP-rich foods had diarrhoea more frequently than those with low consumption (for lactose-rich foods the odds ratio (OR) was 2.63, P = 0.03; and for other FODMAP-rich foods 1.82, P = 0.20). Patients with high consumption of both lactose-rich and other FODMAP-rich foods had an over 4-fold risk of developing diarrhoea as compared to those with low consumption of both (OR, 4.18; P = 0.02). These results were confirmed in multivariate models. Conclusion: Consumption of lactose-rich foods results in an increased risk of diarrhoea during adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer, especially when the consumption of other FODMAP-rich foods is also high

Consumption of Lactose, Other FODMAPs and Diarrhoea during Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer

Chemotherapy-induced mucosal injury of the small intestine may interfere with the enzymes and transporters responsible for the hydrolysis and absorption of dietary carbohydrates causing diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of foods rich in FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols) and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. The patients (n = 52) filled in a 4-day food diary at baseline and during therapy and kept a symptom diary. The intakes of FODMAP-rich foods were calculated as portions and the intakes were divided into two consumption categories. Patients with high consumption of FODMAP-rich foods had diarrhoea more frequently than those with low consumption (for lactose-rich foods the odds ratio (OR) was 2.63, P = 0.03; and for other FODMAP-rich foods 1.82, P = 0.20). Patients with high consumption of both lactose-rich and other FODMAP-rich foods had an over 4-fold risk of developing diarrhoea as compared to those with low consumption of both (OR, 4.18; P = 0.02). These results were confirmed in multivariate models. Conclusion: Consumption of lactose-rich foods results in an increased risk of diarrhoea during adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer, especially when the consumption of other FODMAP-rich foods is also high

Sähkökemiallisesti valmistetut molekyylimallitetut polymeerit epäpuhtauksien detektoinnissa

New electrochemical molecularly imprinted polymers (e-MIPs) for benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) based on vinylferrocene (VFc) as redox tracer directly integrated into binding cavities during polymerization with crosslinker are reported. Impacts on the BaP detection are discussed according to: 1) the addition or no of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) as comonomer, 2) the use of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) or divinylbenzene (DVB) as crosslinker. After characterization, these new e-MIPs and their corresponding non-imprinted polymers (e-NIPs) were incorporated in carbon paste electrodes and measurements were carried out by square wave voltammetry. All analyses revealed that e-MIP based on VFc and EDMA is the best to detect the template, with an imprinting factor of 7.3 and a LOD of 0.93 mu mol/L of BaP.Peer reviewe

Effect of porogen solvent on the synthesis of nickel ion imprinted polymer materials prepared by inverse suspension polymerization

Ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) for nickel were synthesized by inverse suspension copoly-merization of vinylbenzyl iminodiacetic acid (VbIDA) with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of nickel(II) ions with various porogen solvents to study their impact on the IIPs properties. They were prepared with mixtures of acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 50/50%v/v, for IIP-A/D and 2-methoxyethanol and DMSO, 50/50%v/v, for IIP-M/D. The structure and properties of these polymers were compared with those of IIP-D previously prepared with pure DMSO as porogen solvent. Although IIP-A/D and IIP-M/D were less porous than IIP-D, they presented better nickel adsorption properties and selectivity towards Zn2+, Co2+ and Pb2+. This is assumed to be the result of the stabilization of the ligand-metal complex during the polymerization process. Moreover, the nickel binding capacities of the prepared IIPs in competitive conditions are remarkably high (184 mu mol/g for IIP-D, 170 mu mol/g for IIP-A/D and 174 mu mol/g for IIP-M/D). The impact of the VbIDA chelating monomer was highlighted by comparing the adsorption properties of a copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and EDMA with NIP-D. It was proved that the methacrylic polymer matrix has low binding properties. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

New Ethylenediamine Crosslinked 2D-Cellulose Adsorbent for Nanoencapsulation Removal of Pb (II) and Cu (II) Heavy Metal Ions: Synthesis, Characterization Application, and RSM-Modeling

The main objective of the present work is to elaborate on a new eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent designated for aquatic micropollutants removal. However, the synthesis of the Ethylenediamine Crosslinked 2D-Cellulose green adsorbent was carried out successfully, by partial grafting of benzyl entities onto hydroxyl groups of HEC, and crosslinking with ethylenediamine ED. Further, the new ethylenediamine crosslinked 2D-Cellulose was used as a biosorbent for nanoencapsulation removal of copper and lead heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The proposal chemical structures of unmodified and modified materials were confirmed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM–EDX analysis. Furthermore, many parameters of the optimization for Pb (II) and Cu (II) in terms of removal efficiency including pH, adsorbent amount, and contact time were optimized by response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design. Based on the desirability optimization with three factors, the maximal removal was 99.52% and 97.5% for Pb(II) and Cu(II), respectively and was obtained at pH = 5.94, 22.2 mg as the optimal adsorbent amount, and 21.53 min as contact time

Investigating the possible causal association of smoking with depression and anxiety using Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis : the CARTA consortium

Peer reviewe

Evidence of Inbreeding Depression on Human Height

WOS:000306840400001Peer reviewe

In situ complexation versus complex isolation in synthesis of ion imprinted polymers

International audienceIn this study, the object is to prove that isolation of complexes made by varying the metal/ligand ratio (in situ complexation) yields similar polymer characteristics, metal binding and selectivity results as polymers synthesized by isolating the complex by precipitation. Complexation between nickel and the N-(4-vinylbenzyl)-2-(aminomethyl)pyridine (Vbamp) monomer was studied in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and in a DMSO-methanol mixture (50:50, v/v) at 80 °C using a Ni(NO 3) 2 ·6H 2 O salt as the nickel source. According to the results, the three nickel/Vbamp complexes could be selectively obtained using specific conditions: for [Ni(Vbamp)] 2 + the Ni/ Vbamp ratio in DMSO was 1.08, for [Ni(Vbamp) 2 ] 2 + the Ni/Vbamp ratio DMSO-methanol (50:50, v/v) was 0.49 and for [Ni(Vbamp) 3 ] 2 + the Ni/Vbamp ratio in DMSO was 0.3. Ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) were prepared either with [Ni(Vbamp)](NO 3) 2 , [Ni(Vbamp) 2 ](NO 3) 2 , or [Ni(Vbamp) 3 ](NO 3) 2 complexes as the template. IIP with a [Ni(Vbamp) 3 ] 2 + complex, isolated by precipitation prior to polymerization, was also prepared. The results demonstrated that surface properties, nickel binding and selectivity properties were similar for both kind of IIPs – prepared by in situ complexation or isolation of the complex prior to polymer synthesis. Selectivity coefficients of nickel toward zinc for IIPs with [Ni(Vbamp)] 2 + , [Ni(Vbamp) 2 ] 2 + and [Ni(Vbamp) 3 ] 2 + templates were close to 1038, 1441 and 1463, respectively

Influence of the synthesis parameters on the efficiency of fluorescent ion-imprinted polymers for lead detection

International audienceNew fluorescent ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) specific for Pb(II) detection were synthesized by precipitation polymerization. The fluorescent activity of the IIPs was provided by a fluorescent functional monomer, ANQ-ST, based on the chelating 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline moiety coupled to anthracene and to a styrenic group. Various synthesis parameters were tested: metal/functional monomer ratio, polymerization solvent and crosslinker (ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, EGDMA, or divinylbenzene, DVB). The characterization of the different IIPs was carried out by solid-state 13 C NMR spectroscopy, to analyse the structure of the polymers and to attest the integration of the ANQ-ST in the polymer matrix, and by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption experiments, to study the morphology of the prepared materials. After characterization, the IIPs and their corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIPs) were subjected to various fluorescence studies, in order to conclude on the influence of the synthesis parameters onto the polymer properties. The results demonstrated that the IIP synthesized with a metal/functional monomer ratio of 0.42 in DMSO/MeOH (1:1, v/v) and using EGDMA as a crosslinker was very sensitive to the presence of Pb(II) ions and almost not to that of the other tested ions (Ag(I), Na(I), Ca(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)), even when they were introduced in high excess. Calibration curves were performed in various matrices: ultra-pure water, buffered water at pH 7.0 and 8.1, seawater, tap water. They highlighted the low impact of the tested matrices onto the detection and allowed to determine a limit of detection of 2.4 µg/L and a linear range of 8.0-50 µg/L. Finally, the very good recovery obtained in natural samples emphasized the potential for the synthesized IIP to detect Pb(II) in natural waters