5,791 research outputs found
Transverse Dynamics at RHIC
Studies of , transverse momentum spectra and anisotropy flow from
nuclear collisions at RHIC indicate early thermalization and strong collective
expansion. We propose a systematic study of the anisotropy parameter and
the transverse momentum distributions of and in order to extract information on partonic collective flow.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; presented at Quark Matter 2002, Nantes, France,
July 18-24, 2002. Proceedings to be published in Nucl. Phys.
Mid-rapidity , , and spectra and particle ratios from STAR
Results are presented on , , and transverse mass
spectra and particle multiplicity ratios at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at
=130 and 200 GeV and in p+p collisions at =200
GeV. Comparisons are made to results from lower energies. The bulk properties
of the collision inferred from these results are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Talk presented at Quark Matter 2002, Nantes,
France, July 200
Virasoro Symmetry of Constrained KP Hierarchies
Additional non-isospectral symmetries are formulated for the constrained
Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (\cKP) integrable hierarchies. The problem of
compatibility of additional symmetries with the underlying constraints is
solved explicitly for the Virasoro part of the additional symmetry through
appropriate modification of the standard additional-symmetry flows for the
general (unconstrained) KP hierarchy. We also discuss the special case of \cKP
--truncated KP hierarchies, obtained as Darboux-B\"{a}cklund orbits of initial
purely differential Lax operators. The latter give rise to Toda-lattice-like
structures relevant for discrete (multi-)matrix models. Our construction
establishes the condition for commutativity of the additional-symmetry flows
with the discrete Darboux-B\"{a}cklund transformations of \cKP hierarchies
leading to a new derivation of the string-equation constraint in matrix models.Comment: LaTeX, 11 pg
A Change of Variables to the Dual and Factorization of Composite Anomalous Jacobians
Changes of variables giving the dual model are constructed explicitly for
sigma-models without isotropy. In particular, the jacobian is calculated to
give the known results. The global aspects of the abelian case as well as some
of those of the cases where the isometry group is simply connected are
considered.
Considering the anomalous case, we infer by a consistency argument that the
`multiplicative anomaly' should be replaceable by adequate rules for
factorization of composite jacobians. These rules are then generalized in a
simple way for composite jacobians defined in spaces of different types.
Implimentation of these rules then gives specific formulas for the anomally for
semisimple algebras and also for solvable ones.Comment: 15 pages, no figures, Latex file, A treatment of the global aspects
of the abelian and of semisimple duality groups are added. General formulas
for the mixed anomaly are derive
Passive immunization during pregnancy for congenital cytomegalovirus infection
BACKGROUND
Currently, there is no effective intervention for a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy. METHODS
We studied pregnant women with a primary CMV infection. The therapy group comprised women whose amniotic fluid contained either CMV or CMV DNA and who were offered intravenous CMV hyperimmune globulin at a dose of 200 U per kilogram of maternal weight. A prevention group, consisting of women with a recent primary infection before 21 weeks\u27 gestation or who declined amniocentesis, was offered monthly hyperimmune globulin (100 U per kilogram intravenously). RESULTS
In the therapy group, 31 women received hyperimmune globulin, only 1 (3 percent) of whom gave birth to an infant with CMV disease (symptomatic at birth and handicapped at two or more years of age), as compared with 7 of 14 women who did not receive hyperimmune globulin (50 percent). Thus, hyperimmune globulin therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of congenital CMV disease (adjusted odds ratio, 0.02; 95 percent confidence interval, ¡∞ to 0.15; P\u3c0.001). In the prevention group, 37 women received hyperimmune globulin, 6 (16 percent) of whom had infants with congenital CMV infection, as compared with 19 of 47 women (40 percent) who did not receive hyperimmune globulin. Thus, hyperimmune globulin therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of congenital CMV infection (adjusted odds ratio, 0.32; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.94; P=0.04). Hyperimmune globulin therapy significantly (P\u3c0.001) increased CMV-specific IgG concentrations and avidity and decreased natural killer cells and HLA-DR+ cells and had no adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of pregnant women with CMV-specific hyperimmune globulin is safe, and the findings of this nonrandomized study suggest that it may be effective in the treatment and prevention of congenital CMV infection. A controlled trial of this agent may now be appropriate
2-loop Quantum Yang-Mills Condensate as Dark Energy
In seeking a model solving the coincidence problem, the effective Yang-Mills
condensate (YMC) is an alternative candidate for dark energy. A study is made
for the model up to the 2-loop order of quantum corrections. It is found that,
like in the 1-loop model, for generic initial conditions during the radiation
era, there is always a desired tracking solution, yielding the current status
and . As the time the dynamics is a stable attractor. Thus the model naturally solves the
coincidence problem of dark energy. Moreover, if YMC decays into matter, its
equation of state (EoS) crosses -1 and takes , as indicated by the
recent observations.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures. Phys. Lett. B accepte
A systematic review of the safety of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate
BACKGROUND: Here we review the safety and tolerability profile of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX), the first long-acting prodrug stimulant for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: A PubMed search was conducted for English-language articles published up to 16 September 2013 using the following search terms: (lisdexamfetamine OR lisdexamphetamine OR SPD489 OR Vyvanse OR Venvanse OR NRP104 NOT review [publication type]). RESULTS: In short-term, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, phase III trials, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in children, adolescents, and adults receiving LDX were typical for those reported for stimulants in general. Decreased appetite was reported by 25-39 % of patients and insomnia by 11-19 %. The most frequently reported TEAEs in long-term studies were similar to those reported in the short-term trials. Most TEAEs were mild or moderate in severity. Literature relating to four specific safety concerns associated with stimulant medications was evaluated in detail in patients receiving LDX. Gains in weight, height, and body mass index were smaller in children and adolescents receiving LDX than in placebo controls or untreated norms. Insomnia was a frequently reported TEAE in patients with ADHD of all ages receiving LDX, although the available data indicated no overall worsening of sleep quality in adults. Post-marketing survey data suggest that the rate of non-medical use of LDX was lower than that for short-acting stimulants and lower than or equivalent to long-acting stimulant formulations. Small mean increases were seen in blood pressure and pulse rate in patients receiving LDX. CONCLUSIONS: The safety and tolerability profile of LDX in individuals with ADHD is similar to that of other stimulants
Particle dynamics in a relativistic invariant stochastic medium
The dynamics of particles moving in a medium defined by its relativistically
invariant stochastic properties is investigated. For this aim, the force
exerted on the particles by the medium is defined by a stationary random
variable as a function of the proper time of the particles. The equations of
motion for a single one-dimensional particle are obtained and numerically
solved. A conservation law for the drift momentum of the particle during its
random motion is shown. Moreover, the conservation of the mean value of the
total linear momentum for two particles repelling each other according with the
Coulomb interaction is also following. Therefore, the results indicate the
realization of a kind of stochastic Noether theorem in the system under study.
Possible applications to the stochastic representation of Quantum Mechanics are
advanced.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure
Placental enlargement in women with primary maternal cytomegalovirus infection is associated with fetal and neonatal disease
Background. Serological testing for primary maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy is not routine, but ultrasound studies are routine. Therefore, we evaluated placental thickening in women with primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Methods. The study included 92 women with primary CMV infection during pregnancy and 73 CMV-seropositive pregnant women without primary CMV infection. Neonatal CMV transmission was determined by CMV culture of urine samples. Thirty-two women were treated with CMV hyperimmune globulin to either prevent or treat intrauterine CMV infection. Maximal placental thickness was measured by longitudinal (nonoblique) scanning with the ultrasound beam perpendicular to the chorial dish. Programmed placental ultrasound evaluations were performed from 16 to 36 weeks of gestation. Results. At each measurement between 16 and 36 weeks of gestation, women with primary CMV infection who had a fetus or newborn with CMV disease had placentas that were significantly thicker than those of women with primary CMV infection who did not have a diseased fetus or newborn (P <.0001); the latter group, in turn, P <.0001 had placentas that were significantly thicker than those of seropositive control subjects (P <.0001). For both women P <.0001 with and women without diseased fetuses or newborns, receipt of hyperimmune globulin after primary CMV infection was associated with statistically significant reductions in placental thickness (P <.001). Placental vertical P <.001 thickness values, which are predictive of primary maternal infection, were observed at each measurement from 16 to 36 weeks of gestation, and cutoff values ranged from 22 mm to 35 mm, with the best sensitivity and specificity at 28 and 32 weeks of gestation. Conclusions. Primary maternal CMV infection and fetal or neonatal disease are associated with sonographically thickened placentas, which respond to administration of hyperimmune globulin. These observations suggest that many of the manifestations of fetal and neonatal disease are caused by placental insufficiency
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