Las cooperativas en el marco de la teoría de la agencia

The present work establishes the main structural characteristics of Cooperatives first grade under the postulates of The Agency Theory. Based in our analysis we conclude a series of structural shortcomings related with agency problems. Moreover, possible solutions to these are proposed.Cooperatives, Agency Theory, Legislation, Social Economy.

Diversity and association of phenotypic and metabolomic traits in the close model grasses Brachypodium distachyon, B. stacei and B. hybridum

Background and Aims Morphological traits in combination with metabolite fingerprinting were used to investigate inter-and intraspecies diversity within the model annual grasses Brachypodium distachyon, Brachypodium stacei and Brachypodium hybridum. Methods Phenotypic variation of 15 morphological characters and 2219 nominal mass (m/z) signals generated using flow infusion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (FIE-MS) were evaluated in individuals from a total of 174 wild populations and six inbred lines, and 12 lines, of the three species, respectively. Basic statistics and multivariate principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used to differentiate inter-and intraspecific variability of the two types of variable, and their association was assayed with the rcorr function. Key Results Basic statistics and analysis of variance detected eight phenotypic characters [(stomata) leaf guard cell length, pollen grain length, (plant) height, second leaf width, inflorescence length, number of spikelets per inflorescence, lemma length, awn length] and 434 tentatively annotated metabolite signals that significantly discriminated the three species. Three phenotypic traits (pollen grain length, spikelet length, number of flowers per inflorescence) might be genetically fixed. The three species showed different metabolomic profiles. Discriminant analysis significantly discriminated the three taxa with both morphometric and metabolome traits and the intraspecific phenotypic diversity within B. distachyon and B. stacei. The populations of B. hybridum were considerably less differentiated. Conclusions Highly explanatory metabolite signals together with morphological characters revealed concordant patterns of differentiation of the three taxa. Intraspecific phenotypic diversity was observed between northern and southern Iberian populations of B. distachyon and between eastern Mediterranean/south-western Asian and western Mediterranean populations of B. stacei. Significant association was found for pollen grain length and lemma length and ten and six metabolomic signals, respectively. These results would guide the selection of new germplasm lines of the three model grasses in ongoing genome-wide association studies

Intervención en Educación Primaria aplicando metodologías activas para trabajar la alimentación saludable en inglés

En este trabajo se considera la relevancia de las metodologías activas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde edades tempranas para trabajar contenidos en relación directa con las ciencias naturales, de manera transversal, e involucrando a toda la comunidad educativa. En concreto, se trabaja la alimentación saludable (en el ámbito de la Educación para la Salud) considerada dentro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible promovidos por las Naciones Unidas a nivel global, en relación al objetivo 3 “salud y bienestar”. Así mismo, cada vez son, más los centros educativos que utilizan el inglés para la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales en dicha etapa. Por ello, se ha diseñado una intervención, aplicando metodologías activas, para 6º curso de Educación Primaria, en inglés, con la que se pretende que el alumnado adquiera este tipo de contenidos de manera eficaz y que los retenga a largo plazo, llevando parte de la propuesta al aula. Los resultados muestran que los alumnos de 6º tienen nociones básicas sobre la alimentación saludable, y son capaces de adquirir contenidos de manera efectiva mediante el tipo de metodologías utilizadas en la propuesta.<br /

Sexismo en el juego: Aproximación a la publicidad de juguetes desde una perspectiva de género

Los estereotipos y roles de género se transmiten a la infancia también a través de la publicidad. La publicidad, como discurso social, condiciona nuestra forma de pensar, sentir y nuestros comportamientos. Por este motivo es importante prestar atención a cómo las diferentes formas de publicidad dirigidas a la infancia perpetúan los roles y estereotipos de género que rigen nuestra sociedad, que se interiorizan en la etapa en la que se es más vulnerable. El presente trabajo de investigación recoge una aproximación al análisis de distintos catálogos de juguetes del periodo navideño de 2016 desde una perspectiva de género. Se analizan qué estereotipos y roles de género transmiten los catálogos dirigidos a la infancia y, asimismo, se indaga en si se ha producido algún cambio en la forma de transmitirlos. Finalmente, tras la revisión de los resultados de dicho análisis, se recogen unas recomendaciones y una propuesta didáctica que puede llevarse a cabo en las aulas de Educación Infantil

El estudiante de psicología. La socialización profesional de los futuros psicólogos y la cultura

Estudio para conocer el tipo ideal del estudiante de psicología, de donde surgen diversos perfiles profesionales relacionados con diferentes estilos de vida y diferentes estilos de pensar

Psychologised life and thought styles

Depto. de Sociología: Metodología y TeoríaFac. de Ciencias Políticas y SociologíaTRUEpu

A New Methodology for Building-Up a Robust Model for Heliostat Field Flux Characterization

The heliostat field of solar central receiver systems (SCRS) is formed by hundreds, even thousands, of working heliostats. Their adequate configuration and control define a currently active research line. For instance, automatic aiming methodologies of existing heliostat fields are being widely studied. In general, control techniques require a model of the system to be controlled in order to obtain an estimation of its states. However, this kind of information may not be available or may be hard to obtain for every plant to be studied. In this work, an innovative methodology for data-based analytical heliostat field characterization is proposed and described. It formalizes the way in which the behavior of a whole field can be derived from the study of its more descriptive parts. By successfully applying this procedure, the instantaneous behavior of a field could be expressed by a reduced set of expressions that can be seen as a field descriptor. It is not intended to replace real experimentation but to enhance researchers’ autonomy to build their own reliable and portable synthetic datasets at preliminary stages of their work. The methodology proposed in this paper is successfully applied to a virtual field. Only 30 heliostats out of 541 were studied to characterize the whole field. For the validation set, the average difference in power between the flux maps directly fitted from the measured information and the estimated ones is only of 0.67% (just 0.10946 kW/m2 of root-mean-square error, on average, between them). According to these results, a consistent field descriptor can be built by applying the proposed methodology, which is hence ready for use

Differences in TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels assembly in mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells in essential hypertension

Producción CientíficaIncreased vascular tone in essential hypertension involves a sustained rise in total peripheral resistance. A model has been proposed in which the combination of membrane depolarization and higher L‐type Ca2+ channel activity generates augmented Ca2+ influx into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), contraction and vasoconstriction. The search for culprit ion channels responsible for membrane depolarization has provided several candidates, including members of the canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) family. TRPC3 and TRPC6 are diacylglycerol‐activated, non‐selective cationic channels contributing to stretch‐ or agonist‐induced depolarization. Conflicting information exists regarding changes in TRPC3/TRPC6 functional expression in hypertension. However, although TRPC3‐TRPC6 channels can heteromultimerize, the possibility that differences in their association pattern may change their functional contribution to vascular tone is largely unexplored. We probe this hypothesis using a model of essential hypertension (BPH mice; blood pressure high) and its normotensive control (BPN mice; blood pressure normal). First, non‐selective cationic currents through homo‐ and heterotetramers recorded from transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells indicated that TRPC currents were sensitive to the selective antagonist Pyr10 only when TRPC6 was present, whereas intracellular anti‐TRPC3 antibody selectively blocked TRPC3‐mediated currents. In mesenteric VSMCs, basal and agonist‐induced currents were more sensitive to Pyr3 and Pyr10 in BPN cells. Consistently, myography studies showed a larger Pyr3/10‐induced vasodilatation in BPN mesenteric arteries. mRNA and protein expression data supported changes in TRPC3 and TRPC6 proportions and assembly, with a higher TRPC3 channel contribution in BPH VSMCs that could favour cell depolarization. These differences in functional and pharmacological properties of TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels, depending on their assembly, could represent novel therapeutical opportunities.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (project RD12/0042/0006)Programa Estatal de Investigación (project BFU2013-45867-R

Updated taxonomic descriptions, iconography, and habitat preferences of <em>Brachypodium distachyon, B. stacei</em>, and <em>B. hybridum</em> (Poaceae)

We present an updated morphological revision of the three annual species of the genus <em>Brachypodium</em> (Poaceae): <em>B. distachyon, B. tacei</em>, and <em>B. hybridum</em>, which were recently segregated as independent species from the single-species complex <em>B. distachyon</em> s.l. These three species have been proposed as a model system for grass polyploid speciation, and their genomes have been sequenced. However, despite the increasing number of genomic and population-genetic studies conducted for each of these species, no taxonomic updating has been done on them since their original descriptions. <em>B. stacei</em>, the rarest species of the complex, has a protologue based only on the study of specimens from its type locality in Torrent (Formentera, Spain). In this study we update the taxonomic descriptions of the three species using morphoanatomical data from specimens collected throughout their respective native circum-Mediterranean distributions as well as in other localities where they are non-autochthonous. We also provide icons for each species and information about their habitat preferences and geographic distributions.<br><br>Presentamos una revisión morfológica actualizada de las tres especies anuales del género <em>Brachypodium</em> (Poaceae), <em>B. distachyon, B. stacei</em> y <em>B. ybridum</em>. Estas dos últimas han sido recientemente segregadas como especies independientes dentro del complejo <em>B. distachyon</em> s.l. Las tres especies han sido propuestas como grupo modelo de especiación poliploide en gramíneas y sus genomas han sido secuenciados. Sin embargo, pese al incremento de estudios genómicos y genético-poblacionales desarrollados en poblaciones de estas especies, no se ha llevado a cabo todavía ninguna actualización taxonómica para las mismas desde que se describieron. El protólogo de <em>B. stacei</em>, la especie más rara del complejo, está basado únicamente en el estudio de especímenes de su localidad clásica en Torrent (Formentera, España). En este estudio actualizamos las descripciones taxonómicas de las tres especies, utilizando datos morfoanatómicos obtenidos de especímenes colectados a lo largo de sus respectivas áreas de distribución autóctona circunmediterráneas y en otras localidades donde no son autóctonas. Proporcionamos icones de cada una de las especies e información adicional sobre sus preferencias de hábitat y sus distribuciones geográficas conocidas