Soybean Inoculated with One Bradyrhizobium Strain Isolated at Elevated [CO2] Show an Impaired C and N Metabolism When Grown at Ambient [CO2]

Soybean (Glycine max L.) future response to elevated [CO2] has been shown to differ when inoculated with B. japonicum strains isolated at ambient or elevated [CO2]. Plants, inoculated with three Bradyrhizobium strains isolated at different [CO2], were grown in chambers at current and elevated [CO2] (400 vs. 700 ppm). Together with nodule and leaf metabolomic profile, characterization of nodule N-fixation and exchange between organs were tested through N-15(2)-labeling analysis. Soybeans inoculated with SFJ14-36 strain (isolated at elevated [CO2]) showed a strong metabolic imbalance, at nodule and leaf levels when grown at ambient [CO2], probably due to an insufficient supply of N by nodules, as shown by N-15(2)-labeling. In nodules, due to shortage of photoassimilate, C may be diverted to aspartic acid instead of malate in order to improve the efficiency of the C source sustaining N-2-fixation. In leaves, photorespiration and respiration were boosted at ambient [CO2] in plants inoculated with this strain. Additionally, free phytol, antioxidants, and fatty acid content could be indicate induced senescence due to oxidative stress and lack of nitrogen. Therefore, plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strain isolated at elevated [CO2] may have lost their capacity to form effective symbiosis at ambient [CO2] and that was translated at whole plant level through metabolic impairment.This work was financially supported by the following grants: GRUPO Gobierno Vasco IT1022-16 and projects 32-2016-00043, 37-2017-00047, and 000049-IDA2019-38 from the Economic Development and Infrastructures Department of the Basque Country, Spai

Changes in environmental CO2 concentration can modify Rhizobium-soybean specificity and condition plant fitness and productivity

(EN) Over the past 10 years, it has been demonstrated in the literature that legume responses to elevated [CO2], whether positive, negative, or null, are in part dependent on the Rhizobium species and genotypes that establish symbiosis with the plant. However, all the strains used in these past experiments were isolated in field conditions at ambient [CO2]. We studied for first time the fitness response of soybean inoculated with a Rhizobium strain that has been previously isolated from nodules of plants grown at elevated [CO2] in field conditions at a FACE site. In experiments developed in controlled growth chambers, and in the field under ambient [CO2], the plants inoculated with the strain isolated at elevated [CO2] showed similar response as plants without inoculation. We hypothesize that deficient nodulation may be associated with a change in root exudates caused by the change in [CO2]. This study showed that the strains isolated in nodules at elevated [CO2] are not capable of properly nodulating soybean plants grown at ambient [CO2] and that the origin of strains do not ensure the performance of plants under the same conditions. However, more research is needed in order to understand how changes in environmental conditions can affect the symbiotic relationship and ultimately how we can improve plant fitness in a changeable world.This research was financially supported by the following grant: GRUPO GobiernoVasco-IT1022-16

Riesgo quirúrgico tras resección pulmonar anatómica en cirugía torácica. Modelo predictivo a partir de una base de datos nacional multicéntrica

Introduction: the aim of this study was to develop a surgical risk prediction model in patients undergoing anatomic lung resections from the registry of the Spanish Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Group (GEVATS). Methods: data were collected from 3,533 patients undergoing anatomic lung resection for any diagnosis between December 20, 2016 and March 20, 2018. We defined a combined outcome variable: death or Clavien Dindo grade IV complication at 90 days after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression. Internal validation of the model was performed using resampling techniques. Results: the incidence of the outcome variable was 4.29% (95% CI 3.6-4.9). The variables remaining in the final logistic model were: age, sex, previous lung cancer resection, dyspnea (mMRC), right pneumonectomy, and ppo DLCO. The performance parameters of the model adjusted by resampling were: C-statistic 0.712 (95% CI 0.648-0.750), Brier score 0.042 and bootstrap shrinkage 0.854. Conclusions: the risk prediction model obtained from the GEVATS database is a simple, valid, and reliable model that is a useful tool for establishing the risk of a patient undergoing anatomic lung resection

Age, Successive Waves, Immunization, and Mortality in Elderly COVID-19 Haematological Patients: EPICOVIDEHA Findings

Introduction: elderly patients with haematologic malignancies face the highest risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. The infection impact in different age groups remains unstudied in detail. Methods: We analysed elderly patients (age groups: 65-70, 71-75, 76-80 and >80 years old) with hematologic malignancies included in the EPICOVIDEHA registry between January 2020 and July 2022. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were conducted to identify factors influencing death in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancy. results: the study included data from 3,603 elderly patients (aged 65 or older) with haematological malignancy, with a majority being male (58.1%) and a significant proportion having comorbidities. The patients were divided into four age groups, and the analysis assessed COVID-19 outcomes, vaccination status, and other variables in relation to age and pandemic waves.tThe 90-day survival rate for patients with COVID-19 was 71.2%, with significant differences between groups. The pandemic waves had varying impacts, with the first wave affecting patients over 80 years old, the second being more severe in 65-70, and the third being the least severe in all age groups. factors contributing to 90-day mortality included age, comorbidities, lymphopenia, active malignancy, acute leukaemia, less than three vaccine doses, severe COVID-19, and using only corticosteroids as treatment. Conclusions: These data underscore the heterogeneity of elderly haematological patients, highlight the different impact of COVID waves and the pivotal importance of vaccination, and may help in planning future healthcare efforts

Influencia de la compatibilidad HLA en la disfunción crónica del injerto y la supervivencia a largo plazo en el trasplante pulmonar

INTRODUCCIÓN El trasplante pulmonar (TP) es una opción terapéutica indicada en enfermedades pulmonares en estadio terminal cuando fracasan otras alternativas de tratamiento. La supervivencia global no ajustada es del 52% a los 5 años y esta cifra es inferior a la obtenida en el trasplante de otros órganos. La causa principal de estos resultados, es la disfunción crónica del injerto (DCI), que en el pulmón se manifiesta en forma de bronquiolitis obliterante. Uno de los factores que pueden influir en el desarrollo de la DCI y la supervivencia a largo plazo es la compatibilidad existente entre el donante y el receptor en los antígenos del sistema de histocompatibilidad HLA. OBJETIVOS Los objetivos del presente estudio son los siguientes: 1. Evaluar las condiciones de compatibilidad de los antígenos del sistema HLA en las que se realiza el TP. 2. Realizar un análisis descriptivo de la disfunción crónica del injerto pulmonar. 3. Evaluar el impacto que tiene la disfunción crónica del injerto en los resultados a largo plazo del TP. 4. Analizar la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA entre el donante y el receptor sobre el desarrollo de la DCI. 5. Analizar la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA entre el donante y el receptor sobre la supervivencia a largo plazo. MÉTODOS Es un estudio observacional retrospectivo de factores de riesgo. Para el análisis principal de la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA sobre la DCI y la supervivencia a largo plazo, se han incluido 150 pacientes de los 335 realizados entre el año 1997 y 2007. Se han excluido los trasplantes pediátricos, los retrasplantes, los pacientes con supervivencia inferior a los 6 meses y los que carecían del tipaje HLA del donante o del receptor. El grado de compatibilidad HLA oscila entre 0 incompatibilidades (compatibilidad total) y 6 incompatibilidades (incompatibilidad total). El análisis estadístico se ha realizado mediante la técnica de los riesgos proporcionales de Cox. RESULTADOS La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron una elevada incompatibilidad HLA, el 45,7% 5 y el 20,5% 6 incompatibilidades. El 40,4% de los pacientes de la serie analizada presentaron una DCI a los 5 años. La DCI como variable dependiente del tiempo, demostró ser un factor de riesgo de mortalidad independiente con un HR de 5,9. La compatibilidad HLA, dividida por el número de incompatibilidades o situando el punto de corte en 5 o 6 incompatibilidades frente al resto no fue un factor de riesgo significativo de DCI. Los factores que demostraron una influencia significativa e independiente sobre la DCI en el análisis multivariante fueron la neumonitis CMV y la función pulmonar basal postrasplante medida por el FEV1. El grupo con 2 y 3 incompatibilidades HLA obtuvieron una supervivencia a largo plazo significativamente mayor. El grupo con 5 y 6 incompatibilidades mostraba una tendencia hacia una menor supervivencia a largo plazo. CONCLUSIONES 1. El TP se realiza actualmente en condiciones de baja compatibilidad entre el donante y el receptor en los antígenos del sistema HLA. 2. La disfunción crónica del injerto es una complicación frecuente en el TP que ocurre en el 40,4% de nuestros pacientes a los 5 años. 3. La disfunción crónica del injerto tiene un impacto muy negativo en la evolución a largo plazo. 4. La compatibilidad HLA globalmente, no ha demostrado en nuestros pacientes ser un factor de riesgo significativo de disfunción crónica del injerto, aunque el grupo con 5 y 6 incompatibilidades parece tener un menor tiempo libre de DCI. 5. Los datos de nuestro estudio sugieren que el número total de incompatibilidades HLA, tiene un efecto sobre la supervivencia global.INTRODUCTION Lung transplantation (LT) is a suitable therapeutic option in end-stage lung diseases, when other treatment options fail. The unadjusted overall survival is 52% at 5 years and this is a worse outcome compared with other organs. The main cause of these results is the chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD). OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are: 1. To evaluate the HLA compatibility conditions in lung transplantation. 2. To perform a descriptive analysis of the chronic lung allograft dysfunction. 3. To evaluate the impact of chronic allograft dysfunction in long-term outcomes. 4. To analyze the influence of HLA compatibility on CAD. 5. To analyze the influence of HLA compatibility on long-term survival. METHODS It is a retrospective observational study. For the main analysis of the influence of HLA compatibility on CAD and long-term survival, 150 patients out of 335 between 1997 and 2007 were included. Pediatric transplants, retransplants, patients with a survival less than 6 months and those with missing HLA data were excluded. HLA compatibility ranged from 0 mismatches (fully compatible) to 6 mismatches (fully incompatible). Statistical analysis was performed by the Cox proportional hazards method. RESULTS Most of the patients had a high HLA incompatibility, 45.7% of them had 5 mismatches and 20.5% 6 mismatches. CAD was present in 40.4% of the patients at 5 years. The CAD as time-dependent variable, was an independent mortality risk factor with a HR of 5.9. HLA compatibility, dividing the patients by the number of mismatches or in two groups (2,3,4 vs 5,6 mismatches) was not a significant risk factor for the development of CAD. CMV pneumonitis and post-transplant baseline FEV 1 were significant and independent risk factors in the multivariate analysis of CAD. Patients with 2 and 3 HLA mismatches had a significantly higher overall survival. Patients with 5 and 6 mismatches showed a trend towards a lower long-term survival. CONCLUSIONS 1. Lung transplant is currently conducted under low HLA compatibility conditions. 2. Chronic allograft dysfunction is a common complication that occur in 40.4% of lung transplanted patients at 5 years. 3. Chronic allograft dysfunction has a negative impact on long-term outcomes. 4. HLA compatibility is not a significant risk factor for chronic allograft dysfunction, although patients with 5 and 6 HLA mismatches seem to have a higher incidence of CAD. 5. Data from our study suggest that the total number of HLA mismatches, has a significant influence on overall survival

Influencia de la compatibilidad HLA en la disfunción crónica del injerto y la supervivencia a largo plazo en el trasplante pulmonar

INTRODUCCIÓN El trasplante pulmonar (TP) es una opción terapéutica indicada en enfermedades pulmonares en estadio terminal cuando fracasan otras alternativas de tratamiento. La supervivencia global no ajustada es del 52% a los 5 años y esta cifra es inferior a la obtenida en el trasplante de otros órganos. La causa principal de estos resultados, es la disfunción crónica del injerto (DCI), que en el pulmón se manifiesta en forma de bronquiolitis obliterante. Uno de los factores que pueden influir en el desarrollo de la DCI y la supervivencia a largo plazo es la compatibilidad existente entre el donante y el receptor en los antígenos del sistema de histocompatibilidad HLA. OBJETIVOS Los objetivos del presente estudio son los siguientes: 1. Evaluar las condiciones de compatibilidad de los antígenos del sistema HLA en las que se realiza el TP. 2. Realizar un análisis descriptivo de la disfunción crónica del injerto pulmonar. 3. Evaluar el impacto que tiene la disfunción crónica del injerto en los resultados a largo plazo del TP. 4. Analizar la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA entre el donante y el receptor sobre el desarrollo de la DCI. 5. Analizar la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA entre el donante y el receptor sobre la supervivencia a largo plazo. MÉTODOS Es un estudio observacional retrospectivo de factores de riesgo. Para el análisis principal de la influencia de la compatibilidad HLA sobre la DCI y la supervivencia a largo plazo, se han incluido 150 pacientes de los 335 realizados entre el año 1997 y 2007. Se han excluido los trasplantes pediátricos, los retrasplantes, los pacientes con supervivencia inferior a los 6 meses y los que carecían del tipaje HLA del donante o del receptor. El grado de compatibilidad HLA oscila entre 0 incompatibilidades (compatibilidad total) y 6 incompatibilidades (incompatibilidad total). El análisis estadístico se ha realizado mediante la técnica de los riesgos proporcionales de Cox. RESULTADOS La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron una elevada incompatibilidad HLA, el 45,7% 5 y el 20,5% 6 incompatibilidades. El 40,4% de los pacientes de la serie analizada presentaron una DCI a los 5 años. La DCI como variable dependiente del tiempo, demostró ser un factor de riesgo de mortalidad independiente con un HR de 5,9. La compatibilidad HLA, dividida por el número de incompatibilidades o situando el punto de corte en 5 o 6 incompatibilidades frente al resto no fue un factor de riesgo significativo de DCI. Los factores que demostraron una influencia significativa e independiente sobre la DCI en el análisis multivariante fueron la neumonitis CMV y la función pulmonar basal postrasplante medida por el FEV1. El grupo con 2 y 3 incompatibilidades HLA obtuvieron una supervivencia a largo plazo significativamente mayor. El grupo con 5 y 6 incompatibilidades mostraba una tendencia hacia una menor supervivencia a largo plazo. CONCLUSIONES 1. El TP se realiza actualmente en condiciones de baja compatibilidad entre el donante y el receptor en los antígenos del sistema HLA. 2. La disfunción crónica del injerto es una complicación frecuente en el TP que ocurre en el 40,4% de nuestros pacientes a los 5 años. 3. La disfunción crónica del injerto tiene un impacto muy negativo en la evolución a largo plazo. 4. La compatibilidad HLA globalmente, no ha demostrado en nuestros pacientes ser un factor de riesgo significativo de disfunción crónica del injerto, aunque el grupo con 5 y 6 incompatibilidades parece tener un menor tiempo libre de DCI. 5. Los datos de nuestro estudio sugieren que el número total de incompatibilidades HLA, tiene un efecto sobre la supervivencia global.INTRODUCTION Lung transplantation (LT) is a suitable therapeutic option in end-stage lung diseases, when other treatment options fail. The unadjusted overall survival is 52% at 5 years and this is a worse outcome compared with other organs. The main cause of these results is the chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD). OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are: 1. To evaluate the HLA compatibility conditions in lung transplantation. 2. To perform a descriptive analysis of the chronic lung allograft dysfunction. 3. To evaluate the impact of chronic allograft dysfunction in long-term outcomes. 4. To analyze the influence of HLA compatibility on CAD. 5. To analyze the influence of HLA compatibility on long-term survival. METHODS It is a retrospective observational study. For the main analysis of the influence of HLA compatibility on CAD and long-term survival, 150 patients out of 335 between 1997 and 2007 were included. Pediatric transplants, retransplants, patients with a survival less than 6 months and those with missing HLA data were excluded. HLA compatibility ranged from 0 mismatches (fully compatible) to 6 mismatches (fully incompatible). Statistical analysis was performed by the Cox proportional hazards method. RESULTS Most of the patients had a high HLA incompatibility, 45.7% of them had 5 mismatches and 20.5% 6 mismatches. CAD was present in 40.4% of the patients at 5 years. The CAD as time-dependent variable, was an independent mortality risk factor with a HR of 5.9. HLA compatibility, dividing the patients by the number of mismatches or in two groups (2,3,4 vs 5,6 mismatches) was not a significant risk factor for the development of CAD. CMV pneumonitis and post-transplant baseline FEV 1 were significant and independent risk factors in the multivariate analysis of CAD. Patients with 2 and 3 HLA mismatches had a significantly higher overall survival. Patients with 5 and 6 mismatches showed a trend towards a lower long-term survival. CONCLUSIONS 1. Lung transplant is currently conducted under low HLA compatibility conditions. 2. Chronic allograft dysfunction is a common complication that occur in 40.4% of lung transplanted patients at 5 years. 3. Chronic allograft dysfunction has a negative impact on long-term outcomes. 4. HLA compatibility is not a significant risk factor for chronic allograft dysfunction, although patients with 5 and 6 HLA mismatches seem to have a higher incidence of CAD. 5. Data from our study suggest that the total number of HLA mismatches, has a significant influence on overall survival

Soybean Inoculated With One Bradyrhizobium Strain Isolated at Elevated [CO2] Show an Impaired C and N Metabolism When Grown at Ambient [CO2]

Soybean (Glycine max L.) future response to elevated [CO] has been shown to differ when inoculated with B. japonicum strains isolated at ambient or elevated [CO]. Plants, inoculated with three Bradyrhizobium strains isolated at different [CO], were grown in chambers at current and elevated [CO] (400 vs. 700 ppm). Together with nodule and leaf metabolomic profile, characterization of nodule N-fixation and exchange between organs were tested through N-labeling analysis. Soybeans inoculated with SFJ14-36 strain (isolated at elevated [CO]) showed a strong metabolic imbalance, at nodule and leaf levels when grown at ambient [CO], probably due to an insufficient supply of N by nodules, as shown by N-labeling. In nodules, due to shortage of photoassimilate, C may be diverted to aspartic acid instead of malate in order to improve the efficiency of the C source sustaining N-fixation. In leaves, photorespiration and respiration were boosted at ambient [CO] in plants inoculated with this strain. Additionally, free phytol, antioxidants, and fatty acid content could be indicate induced senescence due to oxidative stress and lack of nitrogen. Therefore, plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strain isolated at elevated [CO] may have lost their capacity to form effective symbiosis at ambient [CO] and that was translated at whole plant level through metabolic impairment.This work was financially supported by the following grants: GRUPO Gobierno Vasco IT1022-16 and projects 32-2016-00043, 37-2017-00047, and 000049-IDA2019-38 from the Economic Development and Infrastructures Department of the Basque Country, Spain. DS was a recipient of a Ph.D. grant supported by the Public University of Navarra. AS-S was partially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship granted by the Education, and Linguistic Policy Department of the Basque Country, Spain and the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture. Technical support by Azucena González, Phytotron Service, SGIker (UPV/EHU) is gratefully acknowledged

Changes in environmental CO2 concentration can modify Rhizobium-soybean specificity and condition plant fitness and productivity

Over the past 10 years, it has been demonstrated in the literature that legume responses to elevated [CO2], whether positive, negative, or null, are in part dependent on the Rhizobium species and genotypes that establish symbiosis with the plant. However, all the strains used in these past experiments were isolated in field conditions at ambient [CO2]. We studied for first time the fitness response of soybean inoculated with a Rhizobium strain that has been previously isolated from nodules of plants grown at elevated [CO2] in field conditions at a FACE site. In experiments developed in controlled growth chambers, and in the field under ambient [CO2], the plants inoculated with the strain isolated at elevated [CO2] showed similar response as plants without inoculation. We hypothesize that deficient nodulation may be associated with a change in root exudates caused by the change in [CO2]. This study showed that the strains isolated in nodules at elevated [CO2] are not capable of properly nodulating soybean plants grown at ambient [CO2] and that the origin of strains do not ensure the performance of plants under the same conditions. However, more research is needed in order to understand how changes in environmental conditions can affect the symbiotic relationship and ultimately how we can improve plant fitness in a changeable world.A. Sanz-Sáez was the recipient of a post-doctoral fellowship granted by the Education, Linguistic Policy, and Education Department of the Basque Country, Spain. This research was financially supported by the following grant: GRUPO GobiernoVasco-IT1022-16.Peer reviewe

Estudio Geoquímico de los Sondeos Obtenidos en el Volcán Submarino Tenor 1 (Islas Canarias)

Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaLaboratorio de Estratigrafía Biomolecular, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, EspañaCentro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, EspañaDepartamento de Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Españ