Comparative performance of complex-valued B-spline and polynomial models applied to iterative frequency-domain decision feedback equalization of Hammerstein channels

Complex-valued (CV) B-spline neural network approach offers a highly effective means for identifying and inverting practical Hammerstein systems. Compared with its conventional CV polynomial-based counterpart, a CV B-spline neural network has superior performance in identifying and inverting CV Hammerstein systems, while imposing a similar complexity. This paper reviews the optimality of the CV B-spline neural network approach. Advantages of B-spline neural network approach as compared with the polynomial based modeling approach are extensively discussed, and the effectiveness of the CV neural network-based approach is demonstrated in a real-world application. More specifically, we evaluate the comparative performance of the CV B-spline and polynomial-based approaches for the nonlinear iterative frequency-domain decision feedback equalization (NIFDDFE) of single-carrier Hammerstein channels. Our results confirm the superior performance of the CV B-spline-based NIFDDFE over its CV polynomial-based counterpart

Single-carrier frequency-domain equalization with hybrid decision feedback equalizer for Hammerstein channels containing nonlinear transmit amplifier

We propose a nonlinear hybrid decision feedback equalizer (NHDFE) for single-carrier (SC) block transmission systems with nonlinear transmit high power amplifier (HPA), which significantly outperforms our previous nonlinear SC frequency-domain equalization (NFDE) design. To obtain the coefficients of the channel impulse response (CIR) as well as to estimate the nonlinear mapping and the inverse nonlinear mapping of the HPA, we adopt a complex-valued (CV) B-spline neural network approach. Specifically, we use a CV B-spline neural network to model the nonlinear HPA, and we develop an efficient alternating least squares scheme for estimating the parameters of the Hammerstein channel, including both the CIR coefficients and the parameters of the CV B-spline model. We also adopt another CV B-spline neural network to model the inversion of the nonlinear HPA, and the parameters of this inverting B-spline model can be estimated using the least squares algorithm based on the pseudo training data obtained as a natural byproduct of the Hammerstein channel identification. The effectiveness of our NHDFE design is demonstrated in a simulation study, which shows that the NHDFE achieves a signal-to-noise ratio gain of 4dB over the NFDE at the bit error rate level of 10−4

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Single-carrier frequency domain equalization for Hammerstein communication systems using complex-valued neural networks

Single-carrier (SC) block transmission with frequency-domain equalization (FDE) offers a viable transmission technology for combating the adverse effects of long dispersive channels encountered in high-rate broadband wireless communication systems. However, for high-bandwidth-efficiency and high-power-efficiency systems, the channel can generally be modeled by the Hammerstein system, which includes the nonlinear distortion effects of the high-power amplifier (HPA) at transmitter. For such nonlinear Hammerstein channels, the standard SC-FDE scheme no longer works. This paper advocates a complex-valued (CV) B-spline neural-network-based nonlinear SC-FDE scheme for Hammerstein channels. Specifically, we model the nonlinear HPA, which represents the CV static nonlinearity of the Hammerstein channel, by a CV B-spline neural network, and we develop two efficient alternating least squares schemes for estimating the parameters of the Hammerstein channel, including both the channel impulse response coefficients and the parameters of the CV B-spline model. We also use another CV B-spline neural network to model the inversion of the nonlinear HPA, and the parameters of this inverting B-spline model can easily be estimated using the standard least-squares algorithm based on the pseudo training data obtained as a natural byproduct of the Hammerstein channel identification. Equalization of the SC Hammerstein channel can then be accomplished by the usual one-tap linear equalization in the frequency domain as well as the inverse B-spline neural network model obtained in the time domain. Extensive simulation results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of our nonlinear SC-FDE scheme for Hammerstein channels

Antiviral Potentialities of Chemical Characterized Essential Oils of Acacia nilotica Bark and Fruits against Hepatitis A and Herpes Simplex Viruses: In Vitro, In Silico, and Molecular Dynamics Studies

Acacia nilotica (synonym: Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H.Hurter and Mabb.) is considered an important plant of the family Fabaceae that is used in traditional medicine in many countries all over the world. In this work, the antiviral potentialities of the chemically characterized essential oils (EOs) obtained from the bark and fruits of A. nilotica were assessed in vitro against HAV, HSV1, and HSV2. Additionally, the in silico evaluation of the main compounds in both EOs was carried out against the two proteins, 3C protease of HAV and thymidine kinase (TK) of HSV. The chemical profiling of the bark EOs revealed the identification of 32 compounds with an abundance of di- (54.60%) and sesquiterpenes (39.81%). Stachene (48.34%), caryophyllene oxide (19.11%), and spathulenol (4.74%) represented the main identified constituents of bark EO. However, 26 components from fruit EO were assigned, with the majority of mono- (63.32%) and sesquiterpenes (34.91%), where trans-caryophyllene (36.95%), Z-anethole (22.87%), and γ-terpinene (7.35%) represented the majors. The maximum non-toxic concentration (MNTC) of the bark and fruits EOs was found at 500 and 1000 µg/mL, respectively. Using the MTT assay, the bark EO exhibited moderate antiviral activity with effects of 47.26% and 35.98% and a selectivity index (SI) of 2.3 and 1.6 against HAV and HSV1, respectively. However, weak activity was observed via the fruits EO with respective SI values of 3.8, 5.7, and 1.6 against HAV, HSV1, and HSV2. The in silico results exhibited that caryophyllene oxide and spathulenol (the main bark EO constituents) showed the best affinities (ΔG = −5.62, −5.33, −6.90, and −6.76 kcal/mol) for 3C protease and TK, respectively. While caryophyllene (the major fruit EO component) revealed promising binding capabilities against both proteins (ΔG = −5.31, −6.58 kcal/mol, respectively). The molecular dynamics simulation results revealed that caryophyllene oxide has the most positive van der Waals energy interaction with 3C protease and TK with significant binding free energies. Although these findings supported the antiviral potentialities of the EOs, especially bark EO, the in vivo assessment should be tested in the intraoral examination for these EOs and/or their main constituents

Global multi-stakeholder endorsement of the MAFLD definition

none1055noneMendez-Sanchez N.; Bugianesi E.; Gish R.G.; Lammert F.; Tilg H.; Nguyen M.H.; Sarin S.K.; Fabrellas N.; Zelber-Sagi S.; Fan J.-G.; Shiha G.; Targher G.; Zheng M.-H.; Chan W.-K.; Vinker S.; Kawaguchi T.; Castera L.; Yilmaz Y.; Korenjak M.; Spearman C.W.; Ungan M.; Palmer M.; El-Shabrawi M.; Gruss H.-J.; Dufour J.-F.; Dhawan A.; Wedemeyer H.; George J.; Valenti L.; Fouad Y.; Romero-Gomez M.; Eslam M.; Abate M.L.; Abbas B.; Abbassy A.A.; Abd El Ghany W.; Abd Elkhalek A.; Abd ElMajeed E.; Abdalgaber M.; AbdAllah M.; Abdallah M.; Abdallah N.; Abdelaleem S.; Abdelghani Y.; Abdelghany W.; Abdelhalim S.M.; Abdelhamid W.; Abdelhamid N.; Abdelkader N.A.; Abdelkreem E.; Abdelmohsen A.M.; Abdelrahman A.A.; Abd-elsalam S.M.; Abdeltawab D.; Abduh A.; Abdulhakam N.; Abdulla M.; Abedpoor N.; Abenavoli L.; Aberg F.; Ablack O.; Abo elftouh M.; Abo-Amer Y.E.-E.; Aboubkr A.; Aboud A.; Abouelnaga A.M.; Aboufarrag G.A.; Aboutaleb A.; Abundis L.; Adali G.; Adames E.; Adams L.; Adda D.; Adel N.; Adel N.; Adel Sayed M.; Afaa T.J.; Afredj N.; Aghayeva G.; Aghemo A.; Aguilar-Salinas C.A.; Ahlenstiel G.; Ahmady W.; Ahmed W.; Ahmed A.; Ahmed S.N.; Ahmed H.M.; Ahmed R.; Aigner E.; Akarsu M.; Akroush M.; Akyuz U.; Al Mahtab M.; Al Qadiri T.; Al Rawahi Y.; AL rubaee R.; Al Saffar M.; Alam S.; Al-Ani Z.; Albillos A.; Alboraie M.; Al-Busafi S.; Al-Emam M.; Alharthi J.; Ali K.; Ali B.A.; Ali M.; Ali R.A.R.; Alisi A.; AL-Khafaji A.R.; Alkhatry M.; Aller R.; Almansoury Y.; Al-Naamani K.; Alnakeeb A.; Alonso A.; Alqahtani S.A.; Alrabadi L.; Alswat K.; Altaher M.; Altamimi T.; Altamirano J.; Alvares-da-Silva M.R.; Aly E.A.M.; Alzahaby A.; Alzamzamy A.; Amano K.; Amer M.A.; Amin M.A.; Amin S.A.; Amir A.A.; Ampuero J.; Anas N.; Andreone P.; Andriamandimby S.F.; Anees M.; Angela P.; Antonios M.; Arafat W.; Araya J.M.; Armendariz-Borunda J.; Armstrong M.J.; Ashktorab H.; Aspichueta P.; Assal F.; Atef M.; Attia D.; Atwa H.; Awad R.; Awad M.A.E.; Awny S.; Awolowo O.; Awuku Y.A.; Ayada I.; Aye T.T.; Ayman S.; Ayman H.; Ayoub H.; Azmy H.M.; Babaran R.P.; Badreldin O.; Badry A.; Bahcecioglu I.H.; Bahour A.; Bai J.; Balaban Y.; Balasubramanyam M.; Bamakhrama K.; Banales J.M.; Bangaru B.; Bao J.; Barahona J.S.; Barakat S.; Barbalho S.M.; Barbra B.; Barranco B.; Barrera F.; Baumann U.; Bazeed S.; Bech E.; Benayad A.; Benesic A.; Bernstein D.; Bessone F.; Birney S.; Bisseye C.; Blake M.; Bobat B.; Bonfrate L.; Bordin D.S.; Bosques-Padilla F.; Boursier J.; Boushab B.M.; Bowen D.; Bravo P.M.; Brennan P.N.; Bright B.; Broekaert I.; Buque X.; Burgos-Santamaria D.; Burman J.; Busetto L.; Byrne C.D.; Cabral-Prodigalidad P.A.I.; Cabrera-Alvarez G.; Cai W.; Cainelli F.; Caliskan A.R.; Canbay A.; Cano-Contreras A.; Cao H.-X.; Cao Z.; Carrion A.; Carubbi F.; Casanovas T.; Castellanos Fernandez M.I.; Chai J.; Chan S.P.; Charatcharoenwitthaya P.; Chavez-Tapia N.; Chayama K.; Chen J.; Chen L.; Chen Z.-W.; Chen H.; Chen S.-D.; Chen Q.; Chen Y.; Chen G.; Chen E.-Q.; Chen F.; Chen P.-J.; Cheng R.; Cheng W.; Chieh J.T.W.; Chokr I.; Cholongitas E.; Choudhury A.; Chowdhury A.; Chukwudike E.S.; Ciardullo S.; Clayton M.; Clement K.; Cloa M.M.; Coccia C.; Collazos C.; Colombo M.; Cosar A.M.; Cotrim H.P.; Couillerot J.; Coulibaly A.; Crespo G.; Crespo J.; Cruells M.; Cua I.H.Y.; Dabbous H.K.; Dalekos G.N.; D'Alia P.; Dan L.; Dao V.H.; Darwish M.; Datz C.; Davalos-Moscol M.B.; Dawoud H.; de Careaga B.O.; de Knegt R.; de Ledinghen V.; de Silva J.; Debzi N.; Decraecker M.; Del Pozo E.; Delgado T.C.; Delgado-Blanco M.; Dembinski L.; Depina A.; Derbala M.; Desalegn H.; Desbois-Mouthon C.; Desoky M.; Dev A.; Di Ciaula A.; Diago M.; Diallo I.; Diaz L.A.; Dirchwolf M.; Dongiovanni P.; Dorofeyev A.; Dou X.; Douglas M.W.; Doulberis M.; Dovia C.K.; Doyle A.; Dragojevic I.; Drenth J.P.; Duan X.; Dulskas A.; Dumitrascu D.L.; Duncan O.; Dusabejambo V.; Dwawhi R.S.N.A.; Eiketsu S.; El Amrousy D.; El Deeb A.; El Deriny G.; El Din H.S.; El Kamshishy S.; El Kassas M.; El Raziky M.; Elagamy O.A.; Elakel W.; Elalfy D.; Elaraby H.; ElAwady H.; Elbadawy R.; Eldash H.H.; Eldefrawy M.S.; Elecharri C.L.; Elfaramawy A.; Elfatih M.; Elfiky M.; Elgamsy M.; Elgendy M.; El-Guindi M.A.; Elhussieny N.; Eliwa A.M.; Elkabbany Z.; El-Khayat H.; El-Koofy N.M.; Elmetwalli A.; Elrabat A.; El-Raey F.; Elrashdy F.; Elsahhar M.; Elsaid E.M.; Elsayed S.; Elsayed H.; Elsayed A.; Elsayed A.M.; Elsayed H.; El-Serafy M.; Elsharkawy A.M.; Elsheemy R.Y.; Elshemy E.E.; Elsherbini S.; Eltoukhy N.; Elwakil R.; Emad O.; Emad S.; Embabi M.; Ergenc I.; Ermolova T.; Esmat G.; Esmat D.M.; Estupinan E.C.; Ettair S.; Eugen T.; Ezz-Eldin M.; Falcon L.P.V.; Fan Y.-C.; Fandari S.; Farag M.; Farahat T.M.; Fares E.M.; Fares M.; Fassio E.; Fathy H.; Fathy D.; Fathy W.; Fayed S.; Feng D.; Feng G.; Fernandez-Bermejo M.; Ferreira C.T.; Ferrer J.D.; Forbes A.; Fouad R.; Fouad H.M.; Frisch T.; Fujii H.; Fukunaga S.; Fukunishi S.; Fulya H.; Furuhashi M.; Gaber Y.; Galang A.J.G.; Gallardo J.C.; Galloso R.; Gamal M.; Gamal R.; Gamal H.; Gan J.; Ganbold A.; Gao X.; Garas G.; Garba T.; Garcia-Cortes M.; Garcia-Monzon C.; Garcia-Samaniego J.; Gastaldelli A.; Gatica M.; Gatley E.; Gegeshidze T.; Geng B.; Ghazinyan H.; Ghoneem S.; Giacomelli L.; Giannelli G.; Giannini E.G.; Giefer M.; Gines P.; Girala M.; Giraudi P.J.; Goh G.B.-B.; Gomaa A.A.; Gong B.; Gonzales D.H.C.; Gonzalez H.C.; Gonzalez-Huezo M.S.; Graupera I.; Grgurevic I.; Gronbaek H.; Gu X.; Guan L.; Gueye I.; Guingane A.N.; Gul O.O.; Gul C.B.; Guo Q.; Gupta P.P.; Gurakar A.; Gutierrez J.C.R.; Habib G.; Hafez A.; Hagman E.; Halawa E.; Hamdy O.; Hamed A.E.; Hamed D.H.; Hamid S.; Hamoudi W.; Han Y.; Haridy J.; Haridy H.; Harris D.C.H.H.; Hart M.; Hasan F.; Hashim A.; Hassan I.; Hassan A.; Hassan E.A.; Hassan A.A.; Hassan M.S.; Hassanin F.; Hassnine A.; Haukeland J.W.; Hawal A.I.M.; He J.; He Q.; He Y.; He F.-P.; Hegazy M.; Hegazy A.; Henegil O.; Hernandez N.; Hernandez-Guerra M.; Higuera-de-la-Tijera F.; Hindy I.; Hirota K.; Ho L.C.; Hodge A.; Hosny M.; Hou X.; Huang J.-F.; Huang Y.; Huang Z.; Huang Y.; Huang A.; Huang X.-P.; Hui-ping S.; Hunyady B.; Hussein M.A.; Hussein O.; Hussien S.M.; Ibanez-Samaniego L.; Ibdah J.; Ibrahim L.; Ibrahim M.; Ibrahim I.; Icaza-Chavez M.E.; Idelbi S.; Idilman R.I.; Ikeda M.; Indolfi G.; Invernizzi F.; Irshad I.; Isa H.M.A.; Iskandar N.J.; Ismaiel A.; Ismail M.; Ismail Z.; Ismail F.; Iwamoto H.; Jack K.; Jacob R.; Jafarov F.; Jafri W.; Jahshan H.; Jalal P.K.; Jancoriene L.; Janicko M.; Jayasena H.; Jefferies M.; Jha V.; Ji F.; Ji Y.; Jia J.; Jiang C.; Jiang N.; Jiang Z.-Z.; Jin X.; Jin Y.; Jing X.; Jingyu Q.; Jinjolava M.; Jong F.H.H.; Jucov A.; Julius I.; Kaddah M.; Kamada Y.; kamal A.; Kamal E.M.; Kamel A.S.; Kao J.-H.; Karin M.; Karlas T.; Kashwaa M.; Katsidzira L.; Kaya E.; Kayasseh M.A.; Keenan B.; Keklikkiran C.; Keml W.; Khalaf D.K.; Khalefa R.; Khamis S.; Khater D.; khattab H.; Khavkin A.; Khlynova O.; Khmis N.; Kobyliak N.; Koffas A.; Koike K.; Kok K.Y.Y.; Koller T.; Komas N.P.; Korochanskaya N.V.; Koulla Y.; Koya S.; Kraft C.; Kraja B.; Krawczyk M.; Kuchay M.S.; Kulkarni A.V.; Kumar A.; Kumar M.; Lakoh S.; Lam P.; Lan L.; Lange N.F.; Lankarani K.B.; Lanthier N.; Lapshyna K.; Lashen S.A.; Laure K.N.J.; Lazebnik L.; Lebrec D.; Lee S.S.; Lee W.S.; Lee Y.Y.; Leeming D.J.; Leite N.C.; Leon R.; Lesmana C.R.A.; Li J.; Li Q.; Li J.; Li Y.-Y.; Li Y.; Li L.; Li M.; li Y.; Liang H.; Lijuan T.; Lim S.G.; Lim L.-L.; Lin S.; Lin H.-C.; Lin R.; Lithy R.; Liu Y.; Liu Y.; Liu X.; Liu W.-Y.; Liu S.; Liu K.; Liu T.; Lonardo A.; Lopez M.B.; Lopez-Benages E.; Lopez-Jaramillo P.; Lu H.; Lu L.G.; Lu Y.; Lubel J.; Lui R.; Lupasco I.; Luzina E.; Lv X.-H.; Lynch K.; Ma H.-L.; Machado M.V.; Maduka N.; Madzharova K.; Magdaong R.; Mahadeva S.; Mahfouz A.; Mahmood N.R.K.N.; Mahmoud E.; Mahrous M.; Maiwall R.; Majeed A.; Majumdar A.; Mak L.; Maklouf M.M.; Malekzadeh R.; Mandato C.; Mangia A.; Mann J.; Mansour H.H.; Mansouri A.; Mantovani A.; Mao J.Q.; Maramag F.; Marchesini G.; Marcus C.; Marinho R.A.R.T.; Martinez-Chantar M.L.; Martins A.A.S.; Marwan R.; Mason K.F.; Masoud G.; Massoud M.N.; Matamoros M.A.; Mateos R.M.; Mawed A.; Mbanya J.C.; Mbendi C.; McColaugh L.; McLeod D.; Medina J.F.R.; Megahed A.; Mehrez M.; Memon I.; Merat S.; Mercado R.; Mesbah A.; Meskini T.; Metwally M.; Metwaly R.; Miao L.; Micah E.; Miele L.; Milivojevic V.; Milovanovic T.; Mina Y.L.; Mishkovik M.; Mishriki A.; Mitchell T.; Mohamed A.; Mohamed M.; Mohamed S.; Mohammed S.; Mohammed A.; Mohan V.; Mohie S.; Mokhtar A.; Moniem R.; Montilla M.S.; Morales J.A.O.; Morata M.M.S.; Moreno-Planas J.M.; Morise S.; Mosaad S.; Moselhy M.; Mostafa A.M.; Mostafa E.; Mouane N.; Mousa N.; Moustafa H.M.; Msherif A.; Muller K.; Munoz C.; Munoz-Urribarri A.B.; Murillo O.A.; Mustapha F.I.; Muzurovic E.; Nabil Y.; Nafady S.; Nagamatsu A.; Nakajima A.; Nakano D.; Nan Y.; Nascimbeni F.; Naseef M.S.; Nashat N.; Natalia T.; Negro F.; Nersesov A.V.; Neuman M.; Ng'wanasayi M.; Ni Y.; Nicoll A.; Niizeki T.; Nikolova D.; Ningning W.; Niriella M.; Nogoibaeva K.A.; Nordien R.; O Sullivan C.; O'Beirne J.; Obekpa S.; Ocama P.; Ochwoto M.; Ogolodom M.P.; Ojo O.; Okrostsvaridze N.; Oliveira C.P.; Omana R.C.; Omar O.M.; Omar H.; Omar M.; Omran S.; Omran R.; Osman M.M.; Owise N.; Owusu-Ansah T.; Padilla- Machaca P.M.; Palle S.; Pan Z.; Pan X.-Y.; Pan Q.; Papaefthymiou A.; Paquissi F.C.; Par G.; Parkash A.; Payawal D.; Peltekian K.M.; Peng X.; Peng L.; Peng Y.; Pengoria R.; Perez M.; Perez J.L.; Perez N.M.; Persico M.; Pessoa M.G.; Petta S.; Philip M.; Plaz Torres M.C.; Polavarapu N.; Poniachik J.; Portincasa P.; Pu C.; Purnak T.; Purwanto E.; Qi X.; Qi X.; Qian Z.; Qiang Z.; Qiao Z.; Qiao L.; Queiroz A.; Rabiee A.; Radwan M.; Rahetilahy A.M.; Ramadan Y.; Ramadan D.; Ramli A.S.; Ramm G.A.; Ran A.; Rankovic I.; RAO H.; Raouf S.; Ray S.; Reau N.; Refaat A.; Reiberger T.; Remes-Troche J.M.; Reyes E.C.; Richardson B.; Ridruejo E.; Riestra Jimenez S.; Rizk I.; Roberts S.; Roblero J.P.; Robles J.A.P.; Rockey D.; Rodriguez M.; Rodriguez Hernandez H.; Roman E.; Romeiro F.G.; Romeo S.; Rosales-Zabal J.M.; Roshdi G.R.; Rosso N.; Ruf A.; Ruiz P.C.; Runes N.R.; Ruzzenente A.; Ryan M.; Saad A.; Sabbagh E.B.; Sabbah M.; Saber S.; Sabrey R.; Sabry R.; Saeed M.A.; Said D.; Said E.M.; Sakr M.A.; Salah Y.; Salama R.M.; Salama A.; Saleh H.; Saleh A.; Salem A.; Salem A.T.; Salifou A.; Salih A.F.; Salman A.; Samouda H.; Sanai F.; Sanchez-Avila J.F.; Sanker L.; Sano T.; Sanz M.; Saparbu T.; Sawhney R.; Sayed F.; Sayed S.A.; Sayed A.O.; Sayed M.; Sebastiani G.; Secadas L.; Sediqi K.Q.; Seif S.; Semida N.; Senates E.; Serban E.D.; Serfaty L.; Seto W.-K.; Sghaier I.; Sha M.; Shabaan H.M.; Shalaby L.; Shaltout I.; Sharara A.I.; Sharma V.; Shawa I.T.; Shawkat A.; Shawky N.; Shehata O.; Sheils S.; Shewaye A.B.; Shi G.; Shi J.; Shimose S.; Shirono T.; Shou L.; Shrestha A.; Shui G.; Sievert W.; Sigurdardottir S.; Sira M.M.; Siradj R.; Sison C.; Smyth L.; Soliman R.; Sollano J.D.; Sombie R.; Sonderup M.; Sood S.; Soriano G.; Stedman C.A.M.; Stefanyuk O.; Stimac D.; Strasser S.; Strnad P.; Stuart K.; Su W.; Su M.; Sumida Y.; Sumie S.; Sun D.-Q.; Sun J.; Suzuki H.; Svegliati-Baroni G.; Swar M.O.; TAHARBOUCHT S.; Taher Z.; Takamura S.; Tan L.; Tan S.-S.; Tanwandee T.; Tarek S.; Tatiana G.; Tavaglione F.; Tecson G.Y.; Tee H.-P.; Teschke R.; Tharwat M.; Thong V.D.; Thursz M.; Tine T.; Tiribelli C.; Tolmane I.; Tong J.; Tongo M.; Torkie M.; Torre A.; Torres E.A.; Trajkovska M.; Treeprasertsuk S.; Tsutsumi T.; Tu T.; Tur J.A.; Turan D.; Turcan S.; Turkina S.; Tutar E.; Tzeuton C.; Ugiagbe R.; Uygun A.; Vacca M.; Vajro P.; Van der Poorten D.; Van Kleef L.A.; Vashakidze E.; Velazquez C.M.; Velazquez M.I.; Vento S.; Verhoeven V.; Vespasiani-Gentilucci U.; Vethakkan S.R.; Vilaseca J.; Vitek L.; Volkanovska A.; Wallace M.; Wan W.; Wang Y.; Wang Y.; Wang X.; Wang X.; Wang C.; Wang C.; Wang M.; Wangchuk P.; Weltman M.; White M.; Wiegand J.; Wifi M.-N.; Wigg A.; Wilhelmi M.; William R.; Wittenburg H.; Wu S.; Wubeneh A.M.; Xia H.; Xiao J.; Xiao X.; Xiaofeng W.; Xiong W.; Xu L.; Xu J.; Xu W.; Xu J.-H.; Xu K.; Xu Y.; Xu S.-H.; Xu M.; Xu A.; Xu C.; Yan H.; Yang J.; Yang R.-X.; Yang Y.; Yang Q.; Yang N.; Yao J.; Yara J.; Yaras S.; Yilmaz N.; Younes R.; younes H.; Young S.; Youssef F.; Yu Y.; Yu M.-L.; Yuan J.; Yue Z.; Yuen M.-F.; Yun W.; Yurukova N.; Zakaria S.; Zaky S.; Zaldastanishvili M.; Zapata R.; Zare N.; Zerem E.; Zeriban N.; Zeshuai X.; Zhang H.; Zhang X.; Zhang Y.; Zhang W.-H.; Zhang X.; Zhang Y.-P.; Zhang Y.; Zhang Z.-Q.; Zhao J.; Zhao R.-R.; Zhao H.; Zheng C.; Zheng Y.; Zheng R.; Zheng T.-L.; Zheng K.; Zhou X.Q.; Zhou Y.; Zhou Y.-J.; Zhou H.; Zhou L.; Zhou Y.; Zhu L.D.; Zhu Y.F.; Zhu Y.; Zhu P.-W.; Ziada E.; Ziring D.; Ziyi L.; Zou S.; Zou Z.; Zou H.; Zuart Ruiz R.Mendez-Sanchez, N.; Bugianesi, E.; Gish, R. G.; Lammert, F.; Tilg, H.; Nguyen, M. H.; Sarin, S. K.; Fabrellas, N.; Zelber-Sagi, S.; Fan, J. -G.; Shiha, G.; Targher, G.; Zheng, M. -H.; Chan, W. -K.; Vinker, S.; Kawaguchi, T.; Castera, L.; Yilmaz, Y.; Korenjak, M.; Spearman, C. W.; Ungan, M.; Palmer, M.; El-Shabrawi, M.; Gruss, H. -J.; Dufour, J. -F.; Dhawan, A.; Wedemeyer, H.; George, J.; Valenti, L.; Fouad, Y.; Romero-Gomez, M.; Eslam, M.; Abate, M. L.; Abbas, B.; Abbassy, A. A.; Abd El Ghany, W.; Abd Elkhalek, A.; Abd ElMajeed, E.; Abdalgaber, M.; Abdallah, M.; Abdallah, M.; Abdallah, N.; Abdelaleem, S.; Abdelghani, Y.; Abdelghany, W.; Abdelhalim, S. M.; Abdelhamid, W.; Abdelhamid, N.; Abdelkader, N. A.; Abdelkreem, E.; Abdelmohsen, A. M.; Abdelrahman, A. A.; Abd-elsalam, S. M.; Abdeltawab, D.; Abduh, A.; Abdulhakam, N.; Abdulla, M.; Abedpoor, N.; Abenavoli, L.; Aberg, F.; Ablack, O.; Abo elftouh, M.; Abo-Amer, Y. E. -E.; Aboubkr, A.; Aboud, A.; Abouelnaga, A. M.; Aboufarrag, G. A.; Aboutaleb, A.; Abundis, L.; Adali, G.; Adames, E.; Adams, L.; Adda, D.; Adel, N.; Adel, N.; Adel Sayed, M.; Afaa, T. J.; Afredj, N.; Aghayeva, G.; Aghemo, A.; Aguilar-Salinas, C. A.; Ahlenstiel, G.; Ahmady, W.; Ahmed, W.; Ahmed, A.; Ahmed, S. N.; Ahmed, H. M.; Ahmed, R.; Aigner, E.; Akarsu, M.; Akroush, M.; Akyuz, U.; Al Mahtab, M.; Al Qadiri, T.; Al Rawahi, Y.; AL rubaee, R.; Al Saffar, M.; Alam, S.; Al-Ani, Z.; Albillos, A.; Alboraie, M.; Al-Busafi, S.; Al-Emam, M.; Alharthi, J.; Ali, K.; Ali, B. A.; Ali, M.; Ali, R. A. R.; Alisi, A.; AL-Khafaji, A. R.; Alkhatry, M.; Aller, R.; Almansoury, Y.; Al-Naamani, K.; Alnakeeb, A.; Alonso, A.; Alqahtani, S. A.; Alrabadi, L.; Alswat, K.; Altaher, M.; Altamimi, T.; Altamirano, J.; Alvares-da-Silva, M. R.; Aly, E. A. M.; Alzahaby, A.; Alzamzamy, A.; Amano, K.; Amer, M. A.; Amin, M. A.; Amin, S. A.; Amir, A. A.; Ampuero, J.; Anas, N.; Andreone, P.; Andriamandimby, S. F.; Anees, M.; Angela, P.; Antonios, M.; Arafat, W.; Araya, J. M.; Armendariz-Borunda, J.; Armstrong, M. J.; Ashktorab, H.; Aspichueta, P.; Assal, F.; Atef, M.; Attia, D.; Atwa, H.; Awad, R.; Awad, M. A. E.; Awny, S.; Awolowo, O.; Awuku, Y. A.; Ayada, I.; Aye, T. T.; Ayman, S.; Ayman, H.; Ayoub, H.; Azmy, H. M.; Babaran, R. P.; Badreldin, O.; Badry, A.; Bahcecioglu, I. H.; Bahour, A.; Bai, J.; Balaban, Y.; Balasubramanyam, M.; Bamakhrama, K.; Banales, J. M.; Bangaru, B.; Bao, J.; Barahona, J. S.; Barakat, S.; Barbalho, S. M.; Barbra, B.; Barranco, B.; Barrera, F.; Baumann, U.; Bazeed, S.; Bech, E.; Benayad, A.; Benesic, A.; Bernstein, D.; Bessone, F.; Birney, S.; Bisseye, C.; Blake, M.; Bobat, B.; Bonfrate, L.; Bordin, D. S.; Bosques-Padilla, F.; Boursier, J.; Boushab, B. M.; Bowen, D.; Bravo, P. M.; Brennan, P. N.; Bright, B.; Broekaert, I.; Buque, X.; Burgos-Santamaria, D.; Burman, J.; Busetto, L.; Byrne, C. D.; Cabral-Prodigalidad, P. A. I.; Cabrera-Alvarez, G.; Cai, W.; Cainelli, F.; Caliskan, A. R.; Canbay, A.; Cano-Contreras, A.; Cao, H. -X.; Cao, Z.; Carrion, A.; Carubbi, F.; Casanovas, T.; Castellanos Fernandez, M. I.; Chai, J.; Chan, S. P.; Charatcharoenwitthaya, P.; Chavez-Tapia, N.; Chayama, K.; Chen, J.; Chen, L.; Chen, Z. -W.; Chen, H.; Chen, S. -D.; Chen, Q.; Chen, Y.; Chen, G.; Chen, E. -Q.; Chen, F.; Chen, P. -J.; Cheng, R.; Cheng, W.; Chieh, J. T. W.; Chokr, I.; Cholongitas, E.; Choudhury, A.; Chowdhury, A.; Chukwudike, E. S.; Ciardullo, S.; Clayton, M.; Clement, K.; Cloa, M. M.; Coccia, C.; Collazos, C.; Colombo, M.; Cosar, A. M.; Cotrim, H. P.; Couillerot, J.; Coulibaly, A.; Crespo, G.; Crespo, J.; Cruells, M.; Cua, I. H. Y.; Dabbous, H. K.; Dalekos, G. N.; D'Alia, P.; Dan, L.; Dao, V. H.; Darwish, M.; Datz, C.; Davalos-Moscol, M. B.; Dawoud, H.; de Careaga, B. O.; de Knegt, R.; de Ledinghen, V.; de Silva, J.; Debzi, N.; Decraecker, M.; Del Pozo, E.; Delgado, T. C.; Delgado-Blanco, M.; Dembinski, L.; Depina, A.; Derbala, M.; Desalegn, H.; Desbois-Mouthon, C.; Desoky, M.; Dev, A.; Di Ciaula, A.; Diago, M.; Diallo, I.; Diaz, L. A.; Dirchwolf, M.; Dongiovanni, P.; Dorofeyev, A.; Dou, X.; Douglas, M. W.; Doulberis, M.; Dovia, C. K.; Doyle, A.; Dragojevic, I.; Drenth, J. P.; Duan, X.; Dulskas, A.; Dumitrascu, D. L.; Duncan, O.; Dusabejambo, V.; Dwawhi, R. S. N. A.; Eiketsu, S.; El Amrousy, D.; El Deeb, A.; El Deriny, G.; El Din, H. S.; El Kamshishy, S.; El Kassas, M.; El Raziky, M.; Elagamy, O. A.; Elakel, W.; Elalfy, D.; Elaraby, H.; Elawady, H.; Elbadawy, R.; Eldash, H. H.; Eldefrawy, M. S.; Elecharri, C. L.; Elfaramawy, A.; Elfatih, M.; Elfiky, M.; Elgamsy, M.; Elgendy, M.; El-Guindi, M. A.; Elhussieny, N.; Eliwa, A. M.; Elkabbany, Z.; El-Khayat, H.; El-Koofy, N. M.; Elmetwalli, A.; Elrabat, A.; El-Raey, F.; Elrashdy, F.; Elsahhar, M.; Elsaid, E. M.; Elsayed, S.; Elsayed, H.; Elsayed, A.; Elsayed, A. M.; Elsayed, H.; El-Serafy, M.; Elsharkawy, A. M.; Elsheemy, R. Y.; Elshemy, E. E.; Elsherbini, S.; Eltoukhy, N.; Elwakil, R.; Emad, O.; Emad, S.; Embabi, M.; Ergenc, I.; Ermolova, T.; Esmat, G.; Esmat, D. M.; Estupinan, E. C.; Ettair, S.; Eugen, T.; Ezz-Eldin, M.; Falcon, L. P. V.; Fan, Y. -C.; Fandari, S.; Farag, M.; Farahat, T. M.; Fares, E. M.; Fares, M.; Fassio, E.; Fathy, H.; Fathy, D.; Fathy, W.; Fayed, S.; Feng, D.; Feng, G.; Fernandez-Bermejo, M.; Ferreira, C. T.; Ferrer, J. D.; Forbes, A.; Fouad, R.; Fouad, H. M.; Frisch, T.; Fujii, H.; Fukunaga, S.; Fukunishi, S.; Fulya, H.; Furuhashi, M.; Gaber, Y.; Galang, A. J. G.; Gallardo, J. C.; Galloso, R.; Gamal, M.; Gamal, R.; Gamal, H.; Gan, J.; Ganbold, A.; Gao, X.; Garas, G.; Garba, T.; Garcia-Cortes, M.; Garcia-Monzon, C.; Garcia-Samaniego, J.; Gastaldelli, A.; Gatica, M.; Gatley, E.; Gegeshidze, T.; Geng, B.; Ghazinyan, H.; Ghoneem, S.; Giacomelli, L.; Giannelli, G.; Giannini, E. G.; Giefer, M.; Gines, P.; Girala, M.; Giraudi, P. J.; Goh, G. B. -B.; Gomaa, A. A.; Gong, B.; Gonzales, D. H. C.; Gonzalez, H. C.; Gonzalez-Huezo, M. S.; Graupera, I.; Grgurevic, I.; Gronbaek, H.; Gu, X.; Guan, L.; Gueye, I.; Guingane, A. N.; Gul, O. O.; Gul, C. B.; Guo, Q.; Gupta, P. P.; Gurakar, A.; Gutierrez, J. C. R.; Habib, G.; Hafez, A.; Hagman, E.; Halawa, E.; Hamdy, O.; Hamed, A. E.; Hamed, D. H.; Hamid, S.; Hamoudi, W.; Han, Y.; Haridy, J.; Haridy, H.; Harris, D. C. H. H.; Hart, M.; Hasan, F.; Hashim, A.; Hassan, I.; Hassan, A.; Hassan, E. A.; Hassan, A. A.; Hassan, M. S.; Hassanin, F.; Hassnine, A.; Haukeland, J. W.; Hawal, A. I. M.; He, J.; He, Q.; He, Y.; He, F. -P.; Hegazy, M.; Hegazy, A.; Henegil, O.; Hernandez, N.; Hernandez-Guerra, M.; Higuera-de-la-Tijera, F.; Hindy, I.; Hirota, K.; Ho, L. C.; Hodge, A.; Hosny, M.; Hou, X.; Huang, J. -F.; Huang, Y.; Huang, Z.; Huang, Y.; Huang, A.; Huang, X. -P.; Hui-ping, S.; Hunyady, B.; Hussein, M. A.; Hussein, O.; Hussien, S. M.; Ibanez-Samaniego, L.; Ibdah, J.; Ibrahim, L.; Ibrahim, M.; Ibrahim, I.; Icaza-Chavez, M. E.; Idelbi, S.; Idilman, R. I.; Ikeda, M.; Indolfi, G.; Invernizzi, F.; Irshad, I.; Isa, H. M. A.; Iskandar, N. J.; Ismaiel, A.; Ismail, M.; Ismail, Z.; Ismail, F.; Iwamoto, H.; Jack, K.; Jacob, R.; Jafarov, F.; Jafri, W.; Jahshan, H.; Jalal, P. K.; Jancoriene, L.; Janicko, M.; Jayasena, H.; Jefferies, M.; Jha, V.; Ji, F.; Ji, Y.; Jia, J.; Jiang, C.; Jiang, N.; Jiang, Z. -Z.; Jin, X.; Jin, Y.; Jing, X.; Jingyu, Q.; Jinjolava, M.; Jong, F. H. H.; Jucov, A.; Julius, I.; Kaddah, M.; Kamada, Y.; Kamal, A.; Kamal, E. M.; Kamel, A. S.; Kao, J. -H.; Karin, M.; Karlas, T.; Kashwaa, M.; Katsidzira, L.; Kaya, E.; Kayasseh, M. A.; Keenan, B.; Keklikkiran, C.; Keml, W.; Khalaf, D. K.; Khalefa, R.; Khamis, S.; Khater, D.; Khattab, H.; Khavkin, A.; Khlynova, O.; Khmis, N.; Kobyliak, N.; Koffas, A.; Koike, K.; Kok, K. Y. Y.; Koller, T.; Komas, N. P.; Korochanskaya, N. V.; Koulla, Y.; Koya, S.; Kraft, C.; Kraja, B.; Krawczyk, M.; Kuchay, M. S.; Kulkarni, A. V.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, M.; Lakoh, S.; Lam, P.; Lan, L.; Lange, N. F.; Lankarani, K. B.; Lanthier, N.; Lapshyna, K.; Lashen, S. A.; Laure, K. N. J.; Lazebnik, L.; Lebrec, D.; Lee, S. S.; Lee, W. S.; Lee, Y. Y.; Leeming, D. J.; Leite, N. C.; Leon, R.; Lesmana, C. R. A.; Li, J.; Li, Q.; Li, J.; Li, Y. -Y.; Li, Y.; Li, L.; Li, M.; Li, Y.; Liang, H.; Lijuan, T.; Lim, S. G.; Lim, L. -L.; Lin, S.; Lin, H. -C.; Lin, R.; Lithy, R.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Liu, X.; Liu, W. -Y.; Liu, S.; Liu, K.; Liu, T.; Lonardo, A.; Lopez, M. B.; Lopez-Benages, E.; Lopez-Jaramillo, P.; Lu, H.; Lu, L. G.; Lu, Y.; Lubel, J.; Lui, R.; Lupasco, I.; Luzina, E.; Lv, X. -H.; Lynch, K.; Ma, H. -L.; Machado, M. V.; Maduka, N.; Madzharova, K.; Magdaong, R.; Mahadeva, S.; Mahfouz, A.; Mahmood, N. R. K. N.; Mahmoud, E.; Mahrous, M.; Maiwall, R.; Majeed, A.; Majumdar, A.; Mak, L.; Maklouf, M. M.; Malekzadeh, R.; Mandato, C.; Mangia, A.; Mann, J.; Mansour, H. H.; Mansouri, A.; Mantovani, A.; Mao, J. Q.; Maramag, F.; Marchesini, G.; Marcus, C.; Marinho, R. A. R. T.; Martinez-Chantar, M. L.; Martins, A. A. S.; Marwan, R.; Mason, K. F.; Masoud, G.; Massoud, M. N.; Matamoros, M. A.; Mateos, R. M.; Mawed, A.; Mbanya, J. C.; Mbendi, C.; Mccolaugh, L.; Mcleod, D.; Medina, J. F. R.; Megahed, A.; Mehrez, M.; Memon, I.; Merat, S.; Mercado, R.; Mesbah,