Switching circuit Patent

Solid state circuit for switching alternating current input signal as function of direct current gating transisto

Complete Spectroscopy in the Mercury-187m,g Decay: The Structure of Gold-187.

Nuclear spectroscopy studies were performed on transitions in \sp{187}Au following the \beta\sp+/EC decay of \sp{187g}Hg and \sp{187m}Hg in order to determine the origin of the extensive shape coexistence observed in the low-energy structure of this nucleus; and, through particle-core coupling analysis, to probe the shape coexistence observed in its neighboring even-even nuclei, \sp{186}Pt and \sp{188}Hg. Gamma-ray and conversion electron data were collected, on-line, at the UNISOR isotope separator facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The \sp{187m.g}Hg activity was produced in heavy-ion induced reactions using the HHIRF 25 MV tandem accelerator. Nine transitions with enhanced electric monopole strength were found in \sp{187}Au between states having I\sbsp{i}{\pi}\ = {\rm I}\sbsp{f}{\pi} and are interpreted as arising from the mixing of shape coexisting configurations. The coexisting shapes are described by an odd proton particle (or hole) coupled to the strongly deformed prolate and the weakly deformed oblate bands in the core nucleus \sp{186}Pt (or \sp{188}Hg). The experimentally developed band structure was compared with the results of calculations using the particle-plus-triaxial-rotor model, PTRM. In addition to the identification and classification of configurations involving the s\sb{1/2}-d\sb{3/2}-d\sb{5/2}, h\sb{11/2}, and i\sb{13/2} single-particle orbitals, this analysis led to three important findings: first, the remarkable agreement between the experimental and calculated structures for the h\sb{9/2}-f-\sb{7/2} bands indicates that these single-particle configurations are mixed in \sp{187}Au; second, the great similarity between the experimental structure of the h\sb{9/2}-f\sb{7/2} and (h\sb{9/2}-f\sb{7/2})\sp\prime bands requires similar deformation parameters in the PTRM calculations for these prolate deformed bands; and third, the E0 enhanced transitions are mainly found between states that correspond to the mostly pure h\sb{9/2} PTRM orbitals, while no enhanced E0 transitions are found between PTRM orbitals that have h\sb{9/2} nd f\sb{7/2} contributions. The first finding is not surprising in view of the near degeneracy of the h\sb{9/2} and f\sb{7/2} single-particle orbitals; the second points to prolate-oblate mixing in \sp{186}Pt; and the third represents the first observation of an effect which may provide an experimental key to the eventual theoretical understanding of shape coexistence in these nuclei

AN INTERIM REPORT ON SOFT SYSTEMS EVALUATION

As application areas rapidly grow beyond the theoretical framework of fundamental decision theory we are very often temptated to see whether or not soft systems may promise some efficient modelling of real life problems. The pioneering bust towards soft systems methodology has come from the needs of mathematical sociology. Its contemporary definition as well as its applied architecture have been dealt with as in a paper proposed

La Serbie : entre l'Union européenne et le Kosovo

Le 9 décembre, au moment même où la Croatie signait à Bruxelles son traité d’adhésion à l’Union européenne, cette dernière refusait à la Serbie le statut de candidat officiel. Le contraste est saisissant et mérite quelques explications. Car tout semblait cette année converger vers un avis favorable de la Commission européenne. D’abord la coopération des autorités de Belgrade avec le Tribunal pénal international pour l’ex-Yougoslavie (TPIY) de la Haye. Après Radovan Karadzic livré en 2008, Ratko Mladic, le général bosno-serbe responsable du massacre de Srebrenica en 1995, était arrêté le 26 mai 2011 tout comme deux mois plus tard, le 20 juillet, Goran Hadzic, ancien président de la prétendue République serbe de Krajina, accusé de crimes et notamment du massacre de l’hôpital de Vukovar, également recherché par le TPYI (...)

Karadzic' Arrest, Serbia and Europe

The capture in Belgrade of Radovan Karadzic closes a chapter in the Balkan tragedy of the 1990’s. It is of major symbolic and political significance for the chances of a healing process in Bosnia. It demonstrates the possibilities opened by the new political situation in Belgrade. It reveals the effectiveness of the European leverage on Serbian politics while leaving a number of open questions about the future prospects of the ‘europeanisation’ of the Balkans. The capture of the former leader of the Bosnian Serbs who is charged by the ICTY with genocide and war crimes and whose name will remain associated with the policies of “ethnic cleansing” in the Bosnia of the 1990’s is first of major significance to the victims. With over a hundred thousand dead in Bosnia and half of the population displaced the country could not embark on a genuine healing process so long as the perpetrators were not brought to justice (...)

Stability conditions on continuous dynamic linear programming

AbstractMany on-line processes can be optimized in the sense of continuous dynamic linear programming problem, i.e., opt[c(t), x(t)]A(t) x(t) = b(t), x ⩾ 0 (a CDLP problem). In order to decrease the frequency of use of the corresponding program we have to explore the stability problems associated with the CDLP approach to on-line control