Data of the article entitled: "Bridging the Mind and the Road: An EEG-Based Analysis of Security Perception Factors among Female Cyclists Using Virtual Reality Experiments"

Description: This dataset contains EEG recordings, VR simulation logs, and survey responses collected from 208 female cyclists in Tehran, Iran in order to study factors influencing their perception of security while cycling. The EEG data was gathered using a 32-channel wireless EEG headset during VR bicycle simulations depicting varying environmental settings. The VR logs record details about the simulated cycling routes and conditions. The survey responses provide self-reported assessments of security perception corresponding to each simulation.The data is being made available under the terms of the Apache License 2.0, which allows free use, distribution, and modification of the data by anyone for any purpose as long as the terms of the license are retained. Proper attribution must be given to the original authors. The data may be used for reproducing the analysis described in the study summary or for any other academic, commercial, or personal purposes without restriction. We hope that releasing this data will allow others to further study factors impacting women's cycling safety.</p

Investigating the road safety management capacity: Toward a lead agency reform

An efficient management system and leadership body is one of the key requirements for a road safety improvement program. In low- and middle-income countries, the organizational structure of the management system may suffer from deficiencies weakening the institutional functions across key road safety players. Hence, it is necessary to form an inner- and inter-organization evaluation framework encompassing all the processes, events, dependencies, and causation among road safety players. In this paper, a (three-stage) system thinking approach is developed to evaluate the behavior of inter-organizational complex system and to determine major deficiencies in the role of the road safety lead agency. The first stages of the system thinking approach starts with drawing diagrams (i.e. multiple-effect and multiple-criteria trees) that allows identifying the chains of reasoning behind events or consequences. The next stage of the system thinking approach embodies the analytic network process (ANP), an advanced multi-criteria decision-making technique, which handles the lead agency capacity evaluation and helps to determine how and by what magnitude any of the players can affect the national road safety. The proposed method applies to the case of Iran, a middle-income developing country in the Middle East. Since in Iran, the Road Safety Commission (RSC) has been established as the lead agency, it was expected that RSC owns the greatest influence on the status of road safety. However, our results show that the overall influence of RSC on road safety is far less than what was expected. Subsequently, a supplementary procedure is proposed to specify institutional reforms in order to avoid such organizational inefficiencies. Keywords: Road safety strategies, Inter-organizational relationships, Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), Analytic network process (ANP), System thinking, Developing countrie

Short-Range Prediction of the Zone of Moving Vehicles in Arterial Networks

In many moving object databases, future locations of vehicles in arterial networks are predicted. While most of studies apply the frequent behavior of historical trajectories or vehicles’ recent kinematics as the basis of predictions, consideration of the dynamics of the intersections is mostly neglected. Signalized intersections make vehicles experience different delays, which vary from zero to some minutes based on the traffic state at intersections. In the absence of traffic signal information (red and green times of traffic signal phases, the queue lengths, approaching traffic volume, turning volumes to each intersection leg, etc.), the experienced delays in traffic signals are random variables. In this paper, we model the probability distribution function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the delay for any point in the arterial networks based on a spatiotemporal model of the queue at the intersection. The probability of the presence of a vehicle in a zone is determined based on the modeled probability function of the delay. A comparison between the results of the proposed method and a well-known kinematic-based method indicates a significant improvement in the precisions of the predictions

Short-Range Prediction of the Zone of Moving Vehicles in Arterial Networks

In many moving object databases, future locations of vehicles in arterial networks are predicted. While most of studies apply the frequent behavior of historical trajectories or vehicles’ recent kinematics as the basis of predictions, consideration of the dynamics of the intersections is mostly neglected. Signalized intersections make vehicles experience different delays, which vary from zero to some minutes based on the traffic state at intersections. In the absence of traffic signal information (red and green times of traffic signal phases, the queue lengths, approaching traffic volume, turning volumes to each intersection leg, etc.), the experienced delays in traffic signals are random variables. In this paper, we model the probability distribution function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the delay for any point in the arterial networks based on a spatiotemporal model of the queue at the intersection. The probability of the presence of a vehicle in a zone is determined based on the modeled probability function of the delay. A comparison between the results of the proposed method and a well-known kinematic-based method indicates a significant improvement in the precisions of the predictions

Women’s mode and trip structure choices in daily activity-travel ::a developing country perspective

In this paper, we analyze the travel patterns of Iranian women, where typical patriarchal views and specific social and cultural norms may differ from the patterns of those in western societies. In addition to inherent psycho-physical gender differences, women in Iran can face special constraints forcing them not to be involved in all activity-travel patterns that people in developed countries usually undertake. We pay special attention to the role of marital and employment status on women’s activity-travel patterns. To this end, we develop a joint mode and daily activity pattern (DAP) discrete choice model, which is a two-level mixed nested Logit. The upper nest of the proposed model embodies women’s DAP choices, and the lower nest belongs to the mode choices. In this paper, we try to show how different factors in a patriarchal Muslim society like Iran affect or restrict women’s type and structure of activity-travel patterns

Activity-travel analysis of women in a patriarchal society with strong gender norms

In this paper, we investigate activity-travel pattern of Iranian women, where typical patriarchal views and specific social and cultural norms may alter the patterns from those in western societies. We pay special attention to the role of marital and employment status of them on their activity-travel patterns. To this extent, we develop a joint mode and daily activity pattern (DAP) discrete choice model, which is a mixed nested Logit. The upper tier of the proposed model embodies women’s DAP choices, and the lower tier belongs to the mode choices. We try to show how different factors in a traditional society like Iran affect or restrict women's type and structure of activity- travel patterns

Effect of MTAD on the shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to dentin

Background: As the use of different irrigants to eliminate residual debris and smear layer in the field of endodontic is unavoidable, by considering the effect of irrigants on the bond strength of resin composite restorations, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of a tetracycline isomer, an acid, and a detergent (MTAD) on the shear bond strength of two self-etch adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond and Adper Prompt L- Pop to dentin. Materials and Methods: The crowns of 80 extracted premolars were transversally sectioned to expose dentin. Flat dentin surfaces were wet abraded with 320-grit abrasive paper and randomly assigned to eight groups according to two self-etch adhesive and four dentin surface treatments: direct application over smear layer (no treatment), etching with 35% phosphoric acid for 15s, 1 min 5.25% NaOCl/1 min MTAD and 20min 1.3% NaOCl/5min MTAD. Shear bond strength was tested 24 h after storage in distilled water at 37°C in incubator. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by duncan post-hoc (α=0.05). Results: Phosphoric acid etching prior to SE Bond application significantly decreased the shear bond strength to dentin (P<0.05). Application of MTAD clinical protocol (20min 1.3% NaOCl/5min MTAD) did not significantly decrease the shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to dentin (P=0.745) Conclusions: Based on the results of present investigation, it seems that the use of clinical protocol of 1.3% NaOCl as a root canal irrigant and a 5-min application of MTAD as a final rinse to remove the smear layer has no adverse effect on the shear bond strength of self-etch adhesives to dentin