CP Violation in Fermion Pair Decays of Neutral Boson Particles

We study CP violation in fermion pair decays of neutral boson particles with spin 0 or 1. We study a new asymmetry to measure CP violation in $\eta, K_L \rightarrow \mu^+\mu^-$ decays and discuss the possibility of measuring it experimentally. For the spin-1 particles case, we study CP violation in the decays of $J/\psi$ to $SU(3)$ octet baryon pairs. We show that these decays can be used to put stringent constraints on the electric dipole moments of $\Lambda$, $\Sigma$ and $\Xi$.Comment: 14p, OZ-93/22, UM-93/89, OITS 51

Interface Depinning in a Disordered Medium - Numerical Results

We propose a lattice model to study the dynamics of a driven interface in a medium with random pinning forces. For driving forces F smaller than a threshold force F_c the whole interface gets pinned. The depinning transition can be characterized by a set of critical exponents: the static and dynamical roughness exponent, the velocity exponent defined by the scaling of the velocity of the interface with F-F_c, and a correlation length exponent. The critical exponents are determined numerically in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions. Our findings are compared with recent numerical and analytical results for a Langevin equation with quenched noise, which is expected to be in the same universality class. Our results support a recent functional renormalization group calculation by T.Nattermann et.al. (J.Phys.II France 2, 1483 (1992)).Comment: 12 pages, (10 figures will be mailed upon request), Plain TeX, RUB-TP3-93-0

The Non-local Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation With Spatially Correlated Noise

The effects of spatially correlated noise on a phenomenological equation equivalent to a non-local version of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation are studied via the dynamic renormalization group (DRG) techniques. The correlated noise coupled with the long ranged nature of interactions prove the existence of different phases in different regimes, giving rise to a range of roughness exponents defined by their corresponding critical dimensions. Finally self-consistent mode analysis is employed to compare the non-KPZ exponents obtained as a result of the long range -long range interactions with the DRG results.Comment: Plain Latex, 10 pages, 2 figures in one ps fil

Search for radiative pumping lines of OH masers: I. The 34.6um absorption line towards 1612 MHz OH maser sources

The 1612 MHz hydroxyl maser in circumstellar envelopes has long been thought to be pumped by 34.6um photons. Only recently, the Infrared Space Observatory has made possible spectroscopic observations which enable the direct confirmation of this pumping mechanism in a few cases. To look for the presence of this pumping line, we have searched the Infrared Space Observatory Data Archive and found 178 spectra with data around 34.6um for 87 galactic 1612MHz masers. The analysis performed showed that the noise level and the spectral resolution of the spectra are the most important factors affecting the detection of the 34.6um absorption line. Only 5 objects from the sample (3 red supergiants and 2 galactic center sources) are found to show clear 34.6um absorption (all of them already known) while two additional objects only tentatively show this line. The 3 supergiants show similar pump rates and their masers might be purely radiatively pumped. The pump rates of OH masers in late type stars are found to be about 0.05, only 1/5 of the theoretical value of 0.25 derived by Elitzur (1992). We have also found 16 maser sources which, according to the analysis assuming Elitzur's pump rate, should show the 34.6 $\mu$m absorption line but do not. These non-detections can be tentatively explained by far-infrared photon pumping, clumpy nature of the OH masing region or a limb-filling emission effect in the OH shell.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 table

Driven Depinning in Anisotropic Media

We show that the critical behavior of a driven interface, depinned from quenched random impurities, depends on the isotropy of the medium. In anisotropic media the interface is pinned by a bounding (conducting) surface characteristic of a model of mixed diodes and resistors. Different universality classes describe depinning along a hard and a generic direction. The exponents in the latter (tilted) case are highly anisotropic, and obtained exactly by a mapping to growing surfaces. Various scaling relations are proposed in the former case which explain a number of recent numerical observations.Comment: 4 pages with 2 postscript figures appended, REVTe

Tourette-like behaviors in the normal population are associated with hyperactive/impulsive ADHD-like behaviors but do not relate to deficits in conditioned inhibition or response inhibition

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Tourette Syndrome (TS) present as distinct conditions clinically; however, comorbidity and inhibitory control deficits have been proposed for both. Whilst such deficits have been studied widely within clinical populations, findings are mixed — partly due to comorbidity and/or medication effects — and studies have rarely distinguished between subtypes of the disorders. Studies in the general population are sparse. Using a continuity approach, the present study examined (i) the relationships between inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive aspects of ADHD and TS-like behaviors in the general population, and (ii) their unique associations with automatic and executive inhibitory control, as well as (iii) yawning (a proposed behavioural model of TS). One hundred and thirty-eight participants completed self-report measures for ADHD and TS-like behaviors as well as yawning, and aconditioned inhibition task to assess automatic inhibition

Alcohol Misuse and Coâ Occurring Mental Disorders Among New Soldiers in the U.S. Army

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135492/1/acer13269_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135492/2/acer13269.pd

Pattern Formation in Interface Depinning and Other Models: Erratically Moving Spatial Structures

We study erratically moving spatial structures that are found in a driven interface in a random medium at the depinning threshold. We introduce a bond-disordered variant of the Sneppen model and study the effect of extremal dynamics on the morphology of the interface. We find evidence for the formation of a structure which moves along with the growth site. The time average of the structure, which is defined with respect to the active spot of growth, defines an activity-centered pattern. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations show that the pattern has a tail which decays slowly, as a power law. To understand this sort of pattern formation, we write down an approximate integral equation involving the local interface dynamics and long-ranged jumps of the growth spot. We clarify the nature of the approximation by considering a model for which the integral equation is exactly derivable from an extended master equation. Improvements to the equation are considered by adding a second coupled equation which provides a self-consistent description. The pattern, which defines a one-point correlation function, is shown to have a strong effect on ordinary space-fixed two-point correlation functions. Finally we present evidence that this sort of pattern formation is not confined to the interface problem, but is generic to situations in which the activity at succesive time steps is correlated, as for instance in several other extremal models. We present numerical results for activity-centered patterns in the Bak-Sneppen model of evolution and the Zaitsev model of low-temperature creep.Comment: RevTeX, 18 pages, 19 eps-figures, To appear in Phys. Rev.

Kaluza-Klein Cosmology With Modified Holographic Dark Energy

We investigate the compact Kaluza-Klein cosmology in which modified holographic dark energy is interacting with dark matter. Using this scenario, we evaluate equation of state parameter as well as equation of evolution of the modified holographic dark energy. Further, it is shown that the generalized second law of thermodynamics holds without any constraint.Comment: 13 pages, accepted for publication in Gen. Relativ. Gravi

Genetic risk variants for social anxiety

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136300/1/ajmgb32520.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136300/2/ajmgb32520_am.pd