Bedreigingen, persterijen en suicidaliteit in detentie

achtergrond Onderzoek van Blaauw en Kerkhof onderscheidde 16 indicatoren voor verhoogd suïciderisico in een gedetineerdenpopulatie. Deze indicatoren suggereren dat het hoge suïcidecijfer in penitentiaire inrichtingen het gevolg is van blootstelling van kwetsbare personen aan een stressvolle situatie. Hierdoor is een verband te verwachten tussen pesterijen, bedreigingen en suïcidaliteit. Deze verwachting wordt door onderzoeken indirect ondersteund. doel Nagaan of pesterijen en bedreigingen samenhangen met verhoogd suïciderisico en of de door Blaauw en Kerkhof onderscheiden persoonsgebonden risicofactoren samenhangen met het ervaren van pesterijen of bedreigingen. methode Meldingen van bedreigingen en pesterijen werden nagegaan in dossiers van 95 gedetineerden die suïcide hadden gepleegd, en interviews werden afgenomen van 221 gedetineerden met laag suïciderisico en 53 gedetineerden met hoog suïciderisico. resultaten In 34% van de dossiers stond weergegeven dat de suïcidepleger zich gepest en/of bedreigd had gevoeld. Pesterijen en bedreigingen kwamen vaker voor onder suïcidale gedetineerden dan onder niet-suïcidale gedetineerden. Verbanden werden gevonden tussen pesterijen en bedreigingen enerzijds en indicatoren voor kwetsbaarheid anderzijds. conclusie Pesterijen en bedreigingen hebben een relatie met suïcidaliteit onder gedetineerden

Effects of Light-at-Night on the Rat Liver - A Role for the Autonomic Nervous System

Exposure to light at night (LAN) has been associated with serious pathologies, including obesity, diabetes and cancer. Recently we showed that 2 h of LAN impaired glucose tolerance in rats. Several studies have suggested that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important role in communicating these acute effects of LAN to the periphery. Here, we investigated the acute effects of LAN on the liver transcriptome of male Wistar rats. Expression levels of individual genes were not markedly affected by LAN, nevertheless pathway analysis revealed clustered changes in a number of endocrine pathways. Subsequently, we used selective hepatic denervations [sympathetic (Sx), parasympathetic (Px), total (Tx, i.e., Sx plus Px), sham] to investigate the involvement of the ANS in the effects observed. Surgical removal of the sympathetic or parasympathetic hepatic branches of the ANS resulted in many, but small changes in the liver transcriptome, including a pathway involved with circadian clock regulation, but it clearly separated the four denervation groups. On the other hand, analysis of the liver metabolome was not able to separate the denervation groups, and only 6 out of 78 metabolites were significantly up- or downregulated after denervations. Finally, removal of the sympathetic and parasympathetic hepatic nerves combined with LAN exposure clearly modulated the effects of LAN on the liver transcriptome, but left most endocrine pathways unaffected. Conclusion: One-hour light-at-night acutely affects the liver transcriptome. Part of this effect is mediated via the nervous innervation, as a hepatectomy modulated and reduced the effect of LAN on liver transcripts

Detection of abundant solid methanol toward young low mass stars

We present detections of the absorption band at 3.53 micron due to solid methanol toward three low-mass young stellar objects located in the Serpens and Chameleon molecular cloud complexes. The sources were observed as part of a large spectroscopic survey of ~40 protostars. This is the first detection of solid methanol in the vicinity of low mass (M <1 Msol) young stars and shows that the formation of methanol does not depend on the proximity of massive young stars. The abundances of solid methanol compared to water ice for the three sources are in the range 15-25% which is comparable to those for the most methanol-rich massive sources known. The presence of abundant methanol in the circumstellar environment of some low mass young stars has important consequences for the formation scenarios of methanol and more complex organic species near young solar-type stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A letter

Resident Gut Microbiota Mediates Exercise Capacity and Tissue Metabolomes in Mice

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Characteristics of revisits of children at risk for serious infections in pediatric emergency care

In this study, we aimed to identify characteristics of (unscheduled) revisits and its optimal time frame after Emergency Department (ED) discharge. Children with fever, dyspnea, or vomiting/diarrhea (1 month–16 years) who attended the ED of Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam (2010–2013), the Netherlands, were prospectively included. Three days after ED discharge, we applied standardized telephonic questionnaires on disease course and revisits. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent characteristics of revisits. Young age, parental concern, and alarming signs and symptoms (chest wall retractions, ill appearance, clinical signs of dehydration, and tachypnea) were associated with revisits (n = 527) in children at risk for serious infections discharged from the ED (n = 1765). Children revisited the ED within a median of 2 days (IQR 1.0–3.0), but this was proven to be shorter in children with vomiting/diarrhea (1.0 day (IQR 1.0–2.0)) compared to children with fever or dyspnea (2.0 (IQR 1.0–3.0)). Conclusion: Young age, parental concern, and alarming signs and symptoms (chest wall retractions, ill appearance, clinical signs of dehydration, and tachypnea) were associated with emergency health care revisits in children with fever, dyspnea, and vomiting/diarrhea. These characteristics could help to define targeted review of children during post-discharge period. We observed a disease specific and differential timing of control revisits after ED discharge.(Table presented.

特集 がん検診

Aims—To investigate whether the analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig)/T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangements is useful in the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders. Methods—In a series of 107 consecutive cases with initial suspicion of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Southern blot (SB) analysis of Ig/TCR rearrangements was performed. Results—In 98 of 100 histopathologically conclusive cases, Ig/TCR gene results were concordant. In one presumed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLCL) and one follicular lymphoma (FL) case no clonality could be detected by SB analysis, or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at second stage. In the DLCL, sampling error might have occurred; the FL was revised after an initial diagnosis of reactivity. In many of the histopathologically inconclusive cases Ig/TCR gene SB analysis was helpful, giving support for the histopathological suspicion. However, because of a lack of (clinical) follow up data this could not be confirmed in a few cases. Conclusions—Experienced haematopathologists or a pathologist panel can diagnose malignant versus reactive lesions in most cases without the need for Ig/TCR gene analysis and can select the 5–10% of cases that might benefit from molecular clonality studies. Key Words: B cell lymphoma • immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes • clonality analysis • Southern blottin

Значенння орієнталізма в музичній творчості Ц.А. Кюі і М.П. Мусоргського

Целью статьи является анализ ориентального творчества композиторов Ц.А. Кюи и М.П. Мусоргского. Исходя из целей статьи, были поставлены следующие задачи: 1. Анализ и оценка ориентального творчества Ц.А. Кюи. 2. Анализ и оценка ориентального творчества М.П. Мусоргского

The impact of emerging sustainable technologies on existing electrical infrastructure in Ontario

Sustainable energy sources are urgently required, as traditional non-renewable energy sources are increasing in scarcity and subsequently in cost. Significant innovation and investment is required to incorporate newly developed sustainable energy technologies into the existing energy infrastructure network. This presentation will review how emerging sustainable technologies are interacting with existing energy infrastructure. Specifically it will review the existing electrical grid in Ontario, Canada, and the impact of sustainable technologies such as electric cars and distributed generation. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3107