Kemo-mekanik çürük temizleme yöntemi ve geleneksel döner aletler ile temizlenen süt dişi dentin yüzeylerinin fiziko-kimyasal etkilerinin karılaştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışma, süt dişi dentini yüzeyindeki çürüğün kemo-mekanik olarak Carisolv™ multimix jeli ve geleneksel döner aletler ile temizlenmesi sonrası fiziko-kimyasal etkilerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Carisolv™ jeli ve döner aletlerle temizlenen dentin yüzey özellikleri taramalı elektron mikroskobuyla, pürüzlülükler ise yüzey profilometresi ile değerlendirildi. Bu amaçla, okluzal çürüklü çekilmiş 30 adet süt azı dişi dikey eksenine paralel olarak ikiye bölündü ve tek tarafındaki çürük lezyonu Carisolv™ jeli, diğeri ise geleneksel döner aletler ile temizlendi. Bulgular: Carisolv™ jeli ile temizlenen dentin yüzeylerinde, döner aletlere göre pürüzlülük değerlerinde azalma olduğu fakat bu azalmanın anlamlı olmadığı saptandı. Döner aletlerle temizlendikten sonra alınan SEM görüntüsünde, dentin yüzeylerindeki kollajen liflerin yer yer devamlılıklarını yitirdiği, smear tabakası ile dentin tübüllerinin tıkandığı ve uniform, düz bir yüzeyin oluştuğu gözlendi. Carisolv™ jeli ile temizledikten sonra SEM görüntüsünde dentin yüzeylerinde kollajen yapının devamlılığını sürdürdüğü, dentin tübüllerinde bir tıkanma olmadığı ve döner aletlerle temizlenen dentine göre yüzeyin daha pürüzlü ve poröz bir yapıda olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar ışığında Carisolv™ jeli ile çürük temizlemenin ardından yapılacak olan rezin bazlı restorasyonun tutuculuğunun, geleneksel döner aletlere göre daha iyi olacağı ileri sürülmektedir

Variations in concerns reported on the Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI) in head and neck cancer patients from different health settings across the world

Background: The aim was to collate and contrast patient concerns from a range of different head and neck cancer follow-up clinics around the world. Also, we sought to explore the relationship, if any, between responses to the patient concerns inventory (PCI) and overall quality of life (QOL). Methods: Nineteen units participated with intention of including 100 patients per site as close to a consecutive series as possible in order to minimize selection bias. Results: There were 2136 patients with a median total number of PCI items selected of 5 (2-10). “Fear of the cancer returning” (39%) and “dry mouth” (37%) were most common. Twenty-five percent (524) reported less than good QOL. Conclusion: There was considerable variation between units in the number of items selected and in overall QOL, even after allowing for case-mix variables. There was a strong progressive association between the number of PCI items and QOL

Longitudinal analysis of brain networks by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a murine model of neuropathic pain-induced depression

Les douleurs chroniques développent souvent des troubles de l’anxiété et des états dépressifs. Malgré des recherches cliniques considérables, les mécanismes sous-jacents à cette comorbidité restent inconnus. Nous avons mené une étude d'imagerie non-invasive, par Imagerie de Résonance Magnétique (IRM), pour étudier les changements dans la connectivité structurelle et fonctionnelle dans un modèle murin de dépression induite par la douleur neuropathique. Nous avons utilisé deux méthodes d'IRM pour étudier les voies fonctionnelles de communication (en utilisant l’imagerie fonctionnelle de repos-IRMfr) ainsi que leurs substrats microstructuraux (imagerie du tenseur de diffusion) de manière longitudinale. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce projet démontrent des modifications structurels et fonctionnels remarquables des réseaux cérébraux suite à l'induction de la douleur neuropathique et à l'émergence de comportements dépressifs. En combinant un modèle animal pertinent et l’IRM cérébrale in-vivo nous avons identifié la signature de la dépression induite par la douleur et son évaluation longitudinale sur la connectivité cérébrale, impliquant des altérations dans le cadre des circuits de la récompense, avec un impact majeur sur la connectivité des deux centres : le CCA et l’ATV. Les résultats principales d’IRLfr montrent une modification considérable dans les réseaux englobant le MPD et le circuit de récompense, qui sont impliqués à la fois dans les pathologies de la douleur chronique et de la dépression. Il est maintenant nécessaire d’étudier la relation causale entre la dépression induite par la douleur et ses changements fonctionnels qui font partie de la perspective long-termes de ce projet.Chronic pain conditions frequently lead to anxiety and depressive disorders. Despite considerable clinical research, the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain elusive. We conducted a non-invasive brain imaging study to investigate changes in structural and functional connectivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain-induced depression. We employed two methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate functional communication pathways (using resting state functional MRI-rs-fMRI) as well as their microstructural substrates (diffusion MRI) in longitudinal manner. Brain networks demonstrate remarkable structural and functional modifications following the induction of neuropathic pain and the emergence of depressive phenotype. Combining a relevant preclinical model and in vivo brain MRI, we identified a brain connectivity signature of pain-induced depression and its evolution over time, involving alterations in reward circuits, with a major impact of the two centers: ACA and VTA. The main results of functional imaging reveal considerable changes in the networks encompassing the reward circuit and DMN, which are known to be involved in both chronic pain pathologies and major depression. The long-term perspective of this project is to investigate the causal relationship between pain and depression, reaching a mechanistic explanation for the comorbidity

Analyse longitudinale des réseaux cérébraux par Imagerie de Résonance Magnétique (IRM) dans un modèle murin de dépression induite par la douleur neuropathique

Chronic pain conditions frequently lead to anxiety and depressive disorders. Despite considerable clinical research, the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain elusive. We conducted a non-invasive brain imaging study to investigate changes in structural and functional connectivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain-induced depression. We employed two methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate functional communication pathways (using resting state functional MRI-rs-fMRI) as well as their microstructural substrates (diffusion MRI) in longitudinal manner. Brain networks demonstrate remarkable structural and functional modifications following the induction of neuropathic pain and the emergence of depressive phenotype. Combining a relevant preclinical model and in vivo brain MRI, we identified a brain connectivity signature of pain-induced depression and its evolution over time, involving alterations in reward circuits, with a major impact of the two centers: ACA and VTA. The main results of functional imaging reveal considerable changes in the networks encompassing the reward circuit and DMN, which are known to be involved in both chronic pain pathologies and major depression. The long-term perspective of this project is to investigate the causal relationship between pain and depression, reaching a mechanistic explanation for the comorbidity.Les douleurs chroniques développent souvent des troubles de l’anxiété et des états dépressifs. Malgré des recherches cliniques considérables, les mécanismes sous-jacents à cette comorbidité restent inconnus. Nous avons mené une étude d'imagerie non-invasive, par Imagerie de Résonance Magnétique (IRM), pour étudier les changements dans la connectivité structurelle et fonctionnelle dans un modèle murin de dépression induite par la douleur neuropathique. Nous avons utilisé deux méthodes d'IRM pour étudier les voies fonctionnelles de communication (en utilisant l’imagerie fonctionnelle de repos-IRMfr) ainsi que leurs substrats microstructuraux (imagerie du tenseur de diffusion) de manière longitudinale. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce projet démontrent des modifications structurels et fonctionnels remarquables des réseaux cérébraux suite à l'induction de la douleur neuropathique et à l'émergence de comportements dépressifs. En combinant un modèle animal pertinent et l’IRM cérébrale in-vivo nous avons identifié la signature de la dépression induite par la douleur et son évaluation longitudinale sur la connectivité cérébrale, impliquant des altérations dans le cadre des circuits de la récompense, avec un impact majeur sur la connectivité des deux centres : le CCA et l’ATV. Les résultats principales d’IRLfr montrent une modification considérable dans les réseaux englobant le MPD et le circuit de récompense, qui sont impliqués à la fois dans les pathologies de la douleur chronique et de la dépression. Il est maintenant nécessaire d’étudier la relation causale entre la dépression induite par la douleur et ses changements fonctionnels qui font partie de la perspective long-termes de ce projet

Longitudinal analysis of brain networks by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a murine model of neuropathic pain-induced depression

Les douleurs chroniques développent souvent des troubles de l’anxiété et des états dépressifs. Malgré des recherches cliniques considérables, les mécanismes sous-jacents à cette comorbidité restent inconnus. Nous avons mené une étude d'imagerie non-invasive, par Imagerie de Résonance Magnétique (IRM), pour étudier les changements dans la connectivité structurelle et fonctionnelle dans un modèle murin de dépression induite par la douleur neuropathique. Nous avons utilisé deux méthodes d'IRM pour étudier les voies fonctionnelles de communication (en utilisant l’imagerie fonctionnelle de repos-IRMfr) ainsi que leurs substrats microstructuraux (imagerie du tenseur de diffusion) de manière longitudinale. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce projet démontrent des modifications structurels et fonctionnels remarquables des réseaux cérébraux suite à l'induction de la douleur neuropathique et à l'émergence de comportements dépressifs. En combinant un modèle animal pertinent et l’IRM cérébrale in-vivo nous avons identifié la signature de la dépression induite par la douleur et son évaluation longitudinale sur la connectivité cérébrale, impliquant des altérations dans le cadre des circuits de la récompense, avec un impact majeur sur la connectivité des deux centres : le CCA et l’ATV. Les résultats principales d’IRLfr montrent une modification considérable dans les réseaux englobant le MPD et le circuit de récompense, qui sont impliqués à la fois dans les pathologies de la douleur chronique et de la dépression. Il est maintenant nécessaire d’étudier la relation causale entre la dépression induite par la douleur et ses changements fonctionnels qui font partie de la perspective long-termes de ce projet.Chronic pain conditions frequently lead to anxiety and depressive disorders. Despite considerable clinical research, the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain elusive. We conducted a non-invasive brain imaging study to investigate changes in structural and functional connectivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain-induced depression. We employed two methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate functional communication pathways (using resting state functional MRI-rs-fMRI) as well as their microstructural substrates (diffusion MRI) in longitudinal manner. Brain networks demonstrate remarkable structural and functional modifications following the induction of neuropathic pain and the emergence of depressive phenotype. Combining a relevant preclinical model and in vivo brain MRI, we identified a brain connectivity signature of pain-induced depression and its evolution over time, involving alterations in reward circuits, with a major impact of the two centers: ACA and VTA. The main results of functional imaging reveal considerable changes in the networks encompassing the reward circuit and DMN, which are known to be involved in both chronic pain pathologies and major depression. The long-term perspective of this project is to investigate the causal relationship between pain and depression, reaching a mechanistic explanation for the comorbidity

Effects of Different Abutment Connection Designs on the Stress Distribution Around Five Different Implants: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

The stability of the bone-implant interface is required for the long-term favorable clinical outcome of implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation. The implant failures that occur after the functional loading are mainly related to biomechanical factors. Micro movements and vibrations due to occlusal forces can lead to mechanical complications such as loosening of the screw and fractures of the abutment or implants. The aim of this study was to investigate the strain distributions in the connection areas of different implant-abutment connection systems under similar loading conditions. Five different implant-abutment connection designs from 5 different manufacturers were evaluated in this study. The investigation was performed with software using the finite element method. The geometrical modeling of the implant systems was done with CATIA virtual design software. The MSC NASTRAN solver and PATRAN postprocessing program were used to perform the linear static solution. According to the analysis, the implant-abutment connection system with external hexagonal connection showed the highest strain values, and the internal hexagonal implant-abutment connection system showed the lowest strain values. Conical + internal hexagonal and screw-in implant abutment connection interface is more successful than other systems in cases with increased vertical dimension, particularly in the posterior region

Comparisons of measures that evaluate oral and general health quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder and chronic pain

Objective: To analyze the oral and general health related quality of life (HRQOL) measures, and to establish their ability to categorize chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: Data were collected from 104 patients through a questionnaire with detailed socio-demographic information, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), the Short-Form-36 (SF-36), the Revised Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) Axis I and II. Descriptive statistics were computed. Results: Better self-rated health and having no muscle pain were the key predictors for better physical HRQOL, whereas higher levels of depression, worse self-rated health and mandibular functioning were highly associated with worse mental HRQOL. The oral HRQOL were significantly lower in TMD patients with higher pain-related disability and worse oral health rating. Discussion: The use of the OHIP-14 in chronic TMD patients may provide valuable clinical information for better assessing the pain-related disability when compared to SF-36

Analysis of Surface Roughness and Flank Wear Using the Taguchi Method in Milling of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy with Uncoated Tools

The aim of this study was to optimize machining parameters to obtain the smallest average surface roughness (Ra) and flank wear (Vb) values as a result of the surface milling of a nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloy (SMA) with uncoated cutting tools with different nose radius (rε) under dry cutting conditions. Tungsten carbide cutting tools with different rε (0.4 mm and 0.8 mm) were used in milling operations. The milling process was performed as lateral/surface cutting at three different cutting speeds (Vc) (20, 35 and 50 m/min), feed rates (fz) (0.03, 0.07 and 0.14 mm/tooth) and a constant axial cutting depth (0.7 mm). The effects of machining parameters in milling experiments were investigated based on the Taguchi L18 (21 × 32) orthogonal sequence, and the data obtained were analyzed using the Minitab 17 software. To determine the effects of processing parameters on Ra and Vb, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. The analysis results reveal that the dominant factor affecting the Ra is the cutting tool rε, while the main factor affecting Vb is the fz. Since the predicted values and measured values are very close to each other, it can be said that optimization is correct according to the validation test results

Protective Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Myocardium Against Remote Tissue Injury Following Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Diabetic Rats

Abstract Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (IPreC) could provide tissue-protective effect at a remote site by anti-inflammatory, neuronal, and humoral signaling pathways. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the possible protective effects of remote IPreC on myocardium after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in streptozotocin- induced diabetic (STZ) and non-diabetic rats. Methods: 48 male Spraque Dawley rats were divided into eight groups: Sham, STZ, IPreC, MCAo, IPreC+MCAo, STZ+IPreC, STZ+MCAo and STZ+IPreC+MCAo groups. We induced transient MCAo seven days after STZ-induced diabetes, and performed IPreC 72 hours before transient MCAo. Remote myocardial injury was investigated histopathologically. Bax, Bcl2 and caspase-3 protein levels were measured by Western blot analysis. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) of myocardial tissue were measured by colorimetric assay. Oxidative stress index(OSI) was calculated as TOS-to-TAS ratio. For all statistical analysis, p values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: We observed serious damage including necrosis, congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration in myocardial tissue of the diabetic and ischemic groups. In these groups TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher; TAS levels were lower than those of IPreC related groups (p < 0.05). IPreC had markedly improved histopathological alterations and increased TAS levels in IPreC+MCAo and STZ+IPreC+MCAo compared to MCAo and STZ+MCAo groups (p < 0.05). In non-diabetic rats, MCAo activated apoptotic cell death via increasing Bax/Bcl2 ratio and caspase-3 levels. IPreC reduced apoptotic cell death by suppressing pro-apoptotic proteins. Diabetes markedly increased apoptotic protein levels and the effect did not reversed by IPreC. Conclusions: We could suggest that IPreC attenuates myocardial injury via ameliorating histological findings, activating antioxidant mechanisms, and inducing antiapoptotic activity in diabetic rats