Effects of dental implant treatment on sleep quality in edentulous older people:a prospective cohort study

Edentulism and sleep disturbances are commonly seen among older people and cause serious negative effects on their daily lives. Edentulism can induce sleep problems by changing maxillo-mandibular anatomy and surrounding soft tissues. The effect of the treatment of complete edentulism on sleep disturbances is not sufficiently understood. The purpose of this cohort study is to detect how different treatment options affect sleep quality, daytime fatigue and sleep disorder breathing in totally edentulous elderly people. Ninety-six individulas (50 male and 46 female) participated in this prospective cohort study. The patients were non-randomly assigned to three groups, fixed implant-supported prostheses (FP), removable implant-supported prostheses (RP) and conventional total prostheses (CP). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire were calculated before (T0) and one year after (T1) their prosthetic rehabilitations. Although there was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of mean PSQI (p=0.524), ESS (p=0.410) and STOP-Bang (p=0.697) scores at T0, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of mean PSQI (p=0.011), ESS (p=0.030) and STOP-Bang (p=0.024) scores at T1. The FP group, when compared to CP group was associated with significantly better scores in the PSQI (? = -3.399, 95% CI= -4.612 to -2.187), ESS (? = -1.663, 95% CI= -3.149 to -0.176) and STOP-Bang (? = -0.994, 95% CI= -1.592 to -0.397). Within the limitations of this study FP was associated with a positive influence on sleep disturbances. Randomized controlled trials will be needed to provide reliable inference on this association

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in subjects with different stages of periodontitis according to the new classification

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates inflammatory responses in various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) for GM-CSF, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) levels in patients with stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV periodontitis (SI-P, SII-P, SIII-P, and SIV-P). Methodology: A total of 126 individuals were recruited for this study, including 21 periodontal healthy (PH), 21 gingivitis (G), 21 SI-P, 21 SII-P, 21 SIII-P, and 21 SIV-P patients. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), presence of bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and attachment loss (AL) were used during the clinical periodontal assessment. GCF samples were obtained and analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: GCF GM-CSF, MIP-1α, and IL-1β were significantly higher in SII-P and SIII-P groups than in PH, G, and SI-P groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference among the PH, G, and SI-P groups in IL-1β, GM-CSF, and MIP-1α levels (p>0.05). Conclusions: These results show that GM-CSF expression was increased in SII-P, SIII-P, and SIV-P. Furthermore, GM-CSF levels may have some potential to discriminate between early and advanced stages of periodontitis

Oral health status and associated factors in a subpopulation of Turkish patients

Objectives: Understanding the oral health behavior and knowing oral health status of a community in order to facilitate the development of satisfactory dental public health preventive program. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate oral health behaviour of Turkish community who live in Usak province besides and to evaluate CPITN and DMFT index scores according to age, gender and education level. Materials and Methods: A face to face questionnaire was conducted for 2412 subjects who were divided into six age groups to understand their oral health behavior. Periodontal measurements, and dental caries were applied by three calibrated expert researchers for all teeth except the third molar. Results: Healthy periodontal tissue only existed in 153 (10.05%) individuals of 1521 dentate participants. The mean DMFT value observed was 16.98±6.62. By aging, being male and having low education level, mean DMFT and CPITN scores showed an upward trend. 10.26% of the participants informed that they did not brush their teeth and 92.55% of them stated that they did not floss their teeth. Most of the participants (83.25%) informed that they visited a dental clinic only in emergency and pain. Conclusions: The mean DMFT and CPITN scores increase in accordance with aging, low education and being male. Low flossing frequency, low prevalence of tooth brushing and low frequency of going to the dentist regularly were observed at the end of the study. © 2019 Cumhuriyet Dental Journal

Assessment of malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity in children with autism spectrum disorders

OBJECTIVE: Blood biomarkers for diseases have recently become a topic of great interest. Many studies of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been made to date looking for biomarkers in peripheral tissues, but no specific biomarker has yet been found. The aim of this study was to examine oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity and to determine both their sensitivity and specificity as biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in ASD. METHODS: This study measured the plasma MDA levels, SOD, and CAT activities in erythrocyte in 52 patients with ASD (aged 3–6 years) and in 48 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. ASD severity was rated using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). RESULTS: MDA levels, SOD, and CAT activity were significantly higher in patients with ASD in comparison to the controls (p < .001). The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed a high diagnostic value for MDA, SOD, and CAT. Their areas under curve (AUC) were 0.937, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively (p < .001). A positive statistically significant correlation was determined between the total CARS score and MDA levels in ASD patients (r = 0.368, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: This study shows that oxidative stress is higher in children with ASD. Increased vulnerability to oxidative stress may contribute to the development of ASD. Given the high sensitivity and specificity results, it is thought that these selected oxidative stress parameters could be important as biomarkers for ASD. Future studies should focus on the sensitivity and specificity of oxidative stress biomarkers in larger ASD populations

Behçet Disease With Vascular Involvement

Vascular involvement is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Behçet disease (BD). There are no controlled studies for the management of vascular BD (VBD), and according to the EULAR recommendations, only immunosuppressive (IS) agents are recommended. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic approaches chosen by Turkish physicians during the initial event and relapses of VBD and the association of different treatment options with the relapses retrospectively., Patients with BD (n = 936, female/male: 347/589, mean age: 37.6 ± 10.8) classified according to ISG criteria from 15 rheumatology centers in Turkey were included. The demographic data, clinical characteristics of the first vascular event and relapses, treatment protocols, and data about complications were acquired., VBD was observed in 27.7% (n = 260) of the patients during follow-up. In 57.3% of the VBD patients, vascular involvement was the presenting sign of the disease. After the first vascular event, ISs were given to 88.8% and AC treatment to 59.8% of the patients. Median duration of AC treatment was 13 months (1–204) and ISs, 22 months (1–204). Minor hemorrhage related to AC treatment was observed in 7 (4.7%) patients. A second vascular event developed in 32.9% (n = 86) of the patients. The vascular relapse rate was similar between patients taking only ISs and AC plus IS treatments after the first vascular event (29.1% vs 22.4%, P = 0.28) and was significantly higher in group taking only ACs than taking only ISs (91.6% vs 29.1%, P < 0.001). During follow-up, a third vascular event developed in 17 (n = 6.5%) patients. The relapse rate was also similar between the patients taking only ISs and AC plus IS treatments after second vascular event (25.3% vs 20.8%, P = 0.93). When multivariate analysis was performed, development of vascular relapse negatively correlated with only IS treatments., We did not find any additional positive effect of AC treatment used in combination with ISs in the course of vascular involvement in patients with BD. Severe complications related to AC treatment were also not detected. Our results suggest that short duration of IS treatments and compliance issues of treatment are the major problems in VBD associated with vascular relapses during follow-up.PubMedWoSScopu

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T).

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood psychopathologies in Turkey

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T)

Conclusion: This is the largest and most comprehensive epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of psychopathologies in children and adolescents in Turkey. Our results partly higher than, and partly comparable to previous national and international studies. It also contributes to the literature by determining the independent predictors of psychopathologies in this age group