RAVE: Randomized Noise Shuffling for Fast and Consistent Video Editing with Diffusion Models

Recent advancements in diffusion-based models have demonstrated significant success in generating images from text. However, video editing models have not yet reached the same level of visual quality and user control. To address this, we introduce RAVE, a zero-shot video editing method that leverages pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models without additional training. RAVE takes an input video and a text prompt to produce high-quality videos while preserving the original motion and semantic structure. It employs a novel noise shuffling strategy, leveraging spatio-temporal interactions between frames, to produce temporally consistent videos faster than existing methods. It is also efficient in terms of memory requirements, allowing it to handle longer videos. RAVE is capable of a wide range of edits, from local attribute modifications to shape transformations. In order to demonstrate the versatility of RAVE, we create a comprehensive video evaluation dataset ranging from object-focused scenes to complex human activities like dancing and typing, and dynamic scenes featuring swimming fish and boats. Our qualitative and quantitative experiments highlight the effectiveness of RAVE in diverse video editing scenarios compared to existing methods. Our code, dataset and videos can be found in https://rave-video.github.io.Comment: Project webpage: https://rave-video.github.io , Github: http://github.com/rehg-lab/RAV

Elevated red blood cell distribution width is associated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Objectives: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is the most common pregnancy specific liver disease and related with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Red blood cell distribution width, an anisocytosis marker in a complete blood count, has been used as an inflammation marker in various diseases. However the association of red blood cell distribution width with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between red blood cell distribution width and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Material and methods: Ninety pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and ninety healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Their clinical and laboratory characteristics including red blood cell distribution width, liver function tests, fasting and postprandial bile acid concentrations were analyzed. Results: Serum red blood cell distribution width cell levels were significantly higher in pregnants with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy than healthy pregnants. We also demonstrated that red blood cell distribution Width levels were higher in severe disease than mild disease and was significantly correlated with fasting and postprandial bile acid concentration in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy group. Conclusions: Our study showed that red blood cell distribution width, an easy and inexpensive marker; were associated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Risk factors for hysterectomy among patients with placenta previa totalis

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess risk factors for hysterectomy among patients with placenta previa totalis (PPT). Methods: The medical records of all patients delivered by cesarean section (CS) for PPT were retrospectively reviewed. Eligible cases were divided into those who underwent peripartum hysterectomy (PH) and those who did not. The two groups were compared in terms of demographics, operative features and perinatal outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with hysterectomy. Results: PH was performed in 43 (44.7%) patients with PPT. Referral patients were older when compared with those without hysterectomy (p: 0.029). The median values for gravidity, parity, number of live children and previous CS were statistically significantly higher in the hysterectomy group (p<0.05). Perioperative need for blood transfusion, anteriorly placed placenta and abnormal placental invasion were statistically significantly more frequent in the hysterectomy group (p<0.001). Intraoperative complication rate was higher in this group, and bladder injury was the most common complication. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of perinatal outcomes. In binomial logistic regression analysis; advanced maternal age (≥ 31 years), number of previous CS (≥2), preoperative need for blood transfusion, and abnormal placental invasion were found to be independent risk factors for PH in patients with PPT. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that placenta invasion anomaly, advanced maternal age, increased number of previous CS, and increased need for blood transfusion are important risk factors for PH in patients with PPT

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The Perspective Of Pregnant Women On Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Before Pandemics

Objective: After pregnant women were detected to have serious complications when infected with pandemic A (H1N1) virus in 2009, priority of their vaccination was accepted. Our study was planned to estimate the perspective of pregnant women on pandemic influenza vaccine in Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Obstetrics Unit in October 2009, just before pandemic influenza vaccine is implemented, to evaluate the perception of the vaccine. Material and Methods: Our study was conducted by applying questionnaire to 86 pregnant women admitting to Hacettepe University Medical Faculty Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Obstetrics Unit. Age, trimester of pregnancy, gravida of pregnancy, seasonal influenza vaccine application status and whether the patient found pandemic influenza vaccine necessary were noted after the questionnaire was completed. Results: Pregnant women who filled our questionnaire were between 18 and 39 years of age, 13 of them were in the first trimester, 31 were in the second trimester and 42 were in the third trimester. Out of 86 pregnant women, 66 expressed that they did not find it necessary to have pandemic influenza vaccine. In our study it was found that 23.3% of pregnant women found pandemic influenza vaccine necessary, and although the study population was small, finding the vaccine necessary was not affected from mother's age, trimester of pregnancy or gravida of pregnancy. The only factor demonstrated to affect the acceptance of pandemic influenza vaccine was having been shot for seasonal influenza vaccine. Conclusion: It is very important to inform this group that they have a major risk if they have the disease and to remind and advise them to be vaccinated in routine controls.WoSScopu

Carbon Dioxide Laser Endoscopic Posterior Cordotomy Technique for Bilateral Abductor Vocal Cord Paralysis A 15-Year Experience

WOS: 000320855300012PubMed ID: 23519722Importance: Treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis is a considerable challenge for otolaryngologists. Many surgical techniques have been developed for the management of this entity to eliminate the need for tracheotomy. Objective: To evaluate the success of the unilateral carbon dioxide laser endoscopic posterior cordotomy technique for bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: A university department of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Participants: Sixty-six patients (58 women and 8 men) diagnosed as having bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. Intervention: Endoscopic posterior cordotomy with the carbon dioxide laser. Main Outcome Measures: Decannulation and postoperative voice quality and exercise tolerance. Results: The most common etiologic factor was recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after thyroidectomy, observed in 61 patients (92%); an unknown cause was observed in 5 (8%). Unilateral cordotomy sufficed in 58 patients (88%). We performed revision procedures for vocal cord granuloma in 4 patients (6%). Bilateral cordotomy was required for 4 patients (6%) with an insufficient airway. Postoperative tracheotomy was needed for only 4 patients owing to the edema in the operation site. These patients underwent decannulation within a mean period of 7 days. No patient had poor postoperative exercise tolerance. We found no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative voice quality using the 10-item Turkish version of the Voice Handicap Index. Conclusions and Relevance: Carbon dioxide laser endoscopic posterior cordotomy is a safe, minimally invasive, effective technique with a short operation time. A bilateral approach or a revision procedure is rarely required. Bilateral cordotomy should be reserved for patients with insufficient airway passage with unilateral cordotomy

Domain-Incremental Continual Learning for Mitigating Bias in Facial Expression and Action Unit Recognition

As Facial Expression Recognition (FER) systems become integrated into our daily lives, these systems need to prioritise making fair decisions instead of only aiming at higher individual accuracy scores. From surveillance systems, to monitoring the mental and emotional health of individuals, these systems need to balance the accuracy vs fairness trade-off to make decisions that do not unjustly discriminate against specific under-represented demographic groups. Identifying bias as a critical problem in facial analysis systems, different methods have been proposed that aim to mitigate bias both at data and algorithmic levels. In this work, we propose the novel use of Continual Learning (CL), in particular, using Domain-Incremental Learning (Domain-IL) settings, as a potent bias mitigation method to enhance the fairness of FER systems. We compare different non-CL-based and CL-based methods for their performance and fairness scores on expression recognition and Action Unit (AU) detection tasks using two popular benchmarks, the RAF-DB and BP4D datasets, respectively. Our experimental results show that CL-based methods, on average, outperform other popular bias mitigation techniques on both accuracy and fairness metrics