Assessing students’ engagement: A review of instruments with psychometric Qualities

Este E-Book reúne um conjunto de investigações apresentadas no “I Congresso Internacional Envolvimento dos Alunos na Escola: Perspetivas da Psicologia e Educação” (ICIEAE), organizado no âmbito do “Projeto PTDC/CPE-CED/114362/2009 - Envolvimento dos Alunos na Escola: Diferenciação e Promoção” (EAE-DP), financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).Framework: Students Engagement in School (SES) has been occupying a central position in the discussions regarding factors of academic success and school dropout. A considerable amount of literature on this concept exists. Although its conceptualization varies according to authors and the theoretical framework they have adopted, there is a wide agreement concerning its multidimensional nature. Key dimensions of students engagement in school (i.e., cognitive, affective, behavioral and, more recently, agentic) have been described and empirically validated. Purpose:This study aimed to review the literature on assessment of students engagement in school through a focus on the psychometric characteristics of several instruments. Methodology: The present paper focuses on self-report measures which are multidimensional. These instruments were validated on heterogeneous samples. Results: Twelve self-report measures designed to measure the students engagement in school were referred, along with four other instruments targeting teachers’ perspective as well as observational measures. Conclusions: Various measures stem from different theoretical perspectives and were developed with different types of samples. Conceptual variations often expressed in the number of dimensions considered and in items content variability suggest limitations when comparing psychometric indings of different studies. Suggestions: Studies on instruments we reviewed in the present paper suggest the need for further research on the multidimensionality of school engagement construct. Research should go beyond investigation of differential and predictive validity of measures. Thus, there is little evidence regarding the validity of engagement in school measures, when investigation of effects of specific intervention programs is aimed or validity of their use in quasiexperimental studies with useful applications in the field of education

Diets of the sole Solea vulgaris Quensel, 1806 and Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858 in the lower estuary of the Guadiana River (Algarve, southern Portugal): Preliminary results

The feeding habits of two major species of sole, the common sole Solea vulgaris Quensel, 1806 and the Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858 were studied in the lower estuary of the Guadiana River (Algarve, southern Portugal). An evaluation of the number, weight, and feeding coefficient of prey types showed that S. vulgaris feed on a limited variety of prey (only Polychaeta and Tanaidacea) and present low-intensity feeding activity, with small differences in diet between seasons. S. senegalensis also have a low-diversity diet (with only one more taxa, Amphipoda), but exhibit more intense feeding activity which varies seasonally, although with little seasonal variation in the relative importance of the main preys. The diet composition of these two species suggests feeding specialization.Se han examinado los hábitos alimentarios de dos especies importantes de lenguado, Solea vulgaris Quensel, 1806 y Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858, en el bajo estuario del río Guadiana (en el Algarve, sur de Portugal). La actividad depredadora de S. vulgaris es escasa y la variedad de sus presas limitada (únicamente poliquetos y tanaidaceos), con una ligera variación estacional de la dieta. S. senegalensis también se alimenta de una variedad reducida de presas, aunque con un taxón más (anfípodos), y tiene una actividad depredadora mayor, que varía estacionalmente, aunque no hay variaciones en la importancia relativa de la presa con la estación del año. La composición de la dieta de estas dos especies sugiere la especialización de su alimentación.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Qualidade do leite na bacia leiteira de Castanhal: resultados de pesquisas e recomendações.

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Qualidade do leite nas propriedades do município de Uruará, Pará.

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Processamento do leite na microrregião de Castanhal e Município de Uruará.

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Amazon piperaceae with potential insecticide use.

The Amazon rainf orest is a potential source of essential oils, such as thosef ound in the family Piperaceae, to which the species known as long pepper and pepper jack belong . The genus Piper comprises around 700 species, among the 140-300 species that are part of the rainf orestfl ora of the Amazon region. The literature describes the composition of its essential oils, with various biological activities such as larvicide, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, among others. The use of essential oils as af uture alternative to insecticides is af ield that is growing, and this chapter presents a literature review of studiesf ocusing on Amazonian Piperaceae essential oils that have potential insecticide use. The species Piper aduncum L., P. callosum, P. divaricatum, P. hispidinervum, P. hostimannianum, P. humaytanum, P. marginatum, P. nigrum L., and P. tuberculatum, have shown excellent results in studies to evaluate their potential as plants with biological activities that can be used to control pests that cause damage to agricultural crops, or to human health. The essential oil of P. aduncum is the one that has been most widely studied f or its potential as an insecticide, showingeff ectiveness in the control of various species of agricultural pests in Brazil e.g ., Cerotomatingomarianus Bechyné, Tenebrio molitor L., Solenopsis saevissima. The Reports in the literature on the essential oils of Piperaceae demonstrate their ability to inhibit or delay insect maturation, reducing reproductive capacity, and causing death by starvation or direct toxicity. The main constituents present in the composition of the essential oils are phenylpropanoids, farnesene, and a-bisabolol. The wide biological diversity, largely unexplored, especially in tropical regions like the Amazon rainf orest, holdsgreat potentialf or research into new products that could replace conventional insecticides, or be used as part of synergisticf ormulations in the eff orts to control insect resistance to these products

GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MEAT MALE QUAILS (COTURNIX SP.) OF TWO LINES UNDER TWO NUTRITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de duas linhagens (italiana e japonesa) e de dois níveis de proteína bruta (20 e 26% PB) sobre o desempenho para corte foram utilizados 144 machos de codorna, criados em gaiola de 1 a 49 dias. Foram alojadas nove aves por gaiola, sorteadas de acordo com um esquema fatorial 2 x 2 em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado com quatro repetições. O desempenho foi avaliado semanalmente. A linhagem italiana apresentou maiores peso médio, ganho de peso médio e consumo médio do que a japonesa. O consumo médio relativo e a conversão alimentar da linhagem italiana foram menores, indicando melhor capacidade de utilização do alimento. Abstract Male quails (144) were reared from 1 to 49 days in cages, to evaluate the effect of line (Italian and Japanese), and crude protein level (20 and 26% CP) upon growth performance for meat production. Nine birds were housed per cage, sorted out according to a 2 x 2 factorial scheme in an entirely randomized design with 4 repetitions. Growth performance was evaluated weekly. The Italian line had higher mean body weight, mean gain weight and mean feed intake than the Japanese line. The Italian line showed lower or equal means of feed intake adjusted for body weight, indicating that it had better feed utilization. Mean feed conversion of the italian line was better than that of the Japanese line

Viscous-Inviscid Interactions in a Boundary-Layer Flow Induced by a Vortex Array

In this paper we investigate the asymptotic validity of boundary layer theory. For a flow induced by a periodic row of point-vortices, we compare Prandtl's solution to Navier-Stokes solutions at different $Re$ numbers. We show how Prandtl's solution develops a finite time separation singularity. On the other hand Navier-Stokes solution is characterized by the presence of two kinds of viscous-inviscid interactions between the boundary layer and the outer flow. These interactions can be detected by the analysis of the enstrophy and of the pressure gradient on the wall. Moreover we apply the complex singularity tracking method to Prandtl and Navier-Stokes solutions and analyze the previous interactions from a different perspective