Capacidades técnicas, legales y de gestión para equipos BlueTeam y RedTeam

La Seguridad Informática es una disciplina que mediante técnicas y diversas aplicaciones nos arrojan los riesgos que pueden generar o están generando algún tipo fuga de información a personas que pueden hacer uso indebido de esta para cualquier tipo de acción ilícita; así mismo, una vez identificados los riesgos, podemos aplicar los controles necesarios con el fin de aumentar la seguridad a la información y recursos informáticos para garantizar en gran parte la privacidad de dicha información que implica a usuarios y clientes que hay en las empresas. El presente informe técnico final del seminario especializado Seguridad Informática analiza, ejecuta y define el comportamiento de dos equipos estratégicos en ciberseguridad Red Team y Blue Team de acuerdo a situaciones de ciberataque a maquinas asociadas a una red y empresa. Donde este trabajo nos dio a conocer detalladamente dos leyes que tienen como objetivo judicializar esos procesos y actos ilícitos conocida como la Ley 1273 de 2009 y la otra Ley 842 de 2003 que es la que regula el código ético de los ingenieros técnicos auxiliares y afines de acuerdo a su comportamiento en la organización. Al momento de conocer las leyes de judicialización, este informe también va enfocado en cómo detectar y contener ataques informáticos, así como los diferentes escenarios para la ejecución pruebas de intrusión sin alterar la infraestructura de la empresa y validar que vulnerabilidad podría encontrar y buscar el método de explotación por medio de un framework o exploit, y así lograr de manera intrusiva un archivo especifico y explicando que herramientas que debemos utilizar para poder mitigar, evaluar y hasta predecir si somos o vamos hacer atacados por ciberdelincuentes.Computer Security is a discipline that through techniques and various applications throw us the risks that can generate or are generating some type of information leak to people who may misuse it for any type of illegal action; Likewise, once the risks have been identified, we can apply the necessary controls in order to increase the security of information and computer resources to largely guarantee the privacy of said information that involves users and customers in companies. This final technical report of the specialized Computer Security seminar analyzes, executes and defines the behavior of two strategic cybersecurity teams Red Team and Blue Team according to cyberattack situations on machines associated with a network and company. Where this work gave us a detailed understanding of two laws that aim to prosecute these processes and illicit acts known as Law 1273 of 2009 and the other Law 842 of 2003 which is the one that regulates the code of ethics of auxiliary technical engineers and related according to their behavior in the organization. At the time of knowing the laws of prosecution, this report is also focused on how to detect and contain computer attacks, as well as the different scenarios for executing intrusion tests without altering the company's infrastructure and validating what vulnerability could be found and looking for the method exploitation by means of a framework or exploit, and thus intrusively achieve a specific file and explaining what tools we must use to mitigate, evaluate and even predict if we are or are going to be attacked by cybercriminals

Las Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones y el desarrollo del mercado de capitales en Chile

The profound structural transformations that took place in the Chilean economy at the beginning of the 1980s established the platform for a robust and relatively constant economic development. One of the most noticeable innovations of the new Chilean economic model was the introduction of a private pensions funds system, known as the “Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones” (AFP). Imitated in several Latin American countries (Peru, Colombia, Mexico, etc.) the private pension funds contributed significantly to solve the problem of fiscal liabilities of governments with retirees. In parallel to the socioeconomic benefits and the generation of domestic savings in abundant quantities, thanks to which it was possible to finance ambitious infrastructure, building and mining projects. Another dimension of the institutional effects of the start of operations of the AFP was their contribution to the consolidation and growth of the capital markets of that country. In addition, we analyze the behavior of some characteristic variables of the pension funds and their relation with measurements of the capitalization of the Chilean capital markets. The evidence suggests that the role of the AFP in the maturation and consolidation of the Chilean capital market was substantial.Chile, capital markets, pensions funds

Gestation in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Peru

Introducción. El COVID-19 y la gestación es una nueva intercurrencia en la valoración de riesgos para la atención de la gestante. Desde el inicio de la pandemia en el país, los casos han ido en aumento. El primer caso atendido en el Hospital San Bartolomé fue el 12 de abril. Desde los primeros reportes de gestantes COVID+ en China, a la fecha, se tiene cada vez mayor información, siendo importante para fines del manejo de la gestante COVID+ que se conozca su epidemiología y los resultados perinatales. Objetivo. Determinar la epidemiología y resultados materno perinatales de COVID-19 en las gestantes del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Perú. Método. Estudio observacional de corte transversal, en los meses de abril a julio 2020. Se incluyó a todas las gestantes que llegaron a la emergencia obstétrica del Hospital San Bartolomé, a las cuales se les realizó una prueba de inmunocromatografía para IgM/IgG, para determinar la seroprevalencia de COVID-19. Las variables obstétricas y perinatales fueron recolectadas en una ficha de datos al ingreso a la emergencia. Resultados. Se realizó prueba rápida para SARS-CoV-19 a 345 gestantes que se hospitalizaron para atención de parto. La edad promedio fue 27 años, con 10% de adolescentes y 16% de mayores de 35 años; 60% tenía 2 a 4 embarazos, 38% de los partos fue vaginal, 15% de ellos pretérmino; 1,2% de las gestantes fue sintomática y 0,2% ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. El 61% de los recién nacidos pesó entre 2 500 y 3 500 g, 53% fue sexo masculino, 94% tuvo Apgar mayor de 7 al minuto, 3,3% con hisopado positivo dentro de las primeras 24 horas. Se presentaron 3% de óbitos. El 48% de las gestantes provino del Cono Norte de la ciudad de Lima. Conclusiones. Casi 100% de las gestantes fue asintomática y solo 0,2% tuvo complicaciones respiratorias. La culminación del parto por vía cesárea fue baja en relación a otras publicaciones; el motivo de cesárea fue por indicación obstétrica. Escaso número de neonatos tuvo hisopado positivo. Hubo mayor incidencia de óbitos en julio 2020. El mayor porcentaje de pacientes provino del Cono Norte de Lima.Introduction: COVID-19 and pregnancy is a new intercurrence in risk assessment for the care of the pregnant woman. Since the beginning of the pandemic in the country, cases have been increasing. The first case attended at the San Bartolomé Hospital was on April 12. Since the first reports of COVID+ pregnant women in China, to date, there is more important information on epidemiology and perinatal results for the management of the COVID+ pregnant woman. Objective: To determine the epidemiology and maternal perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnant women at the Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Peru. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study, from April to July 2020. All the pregnant women who arrived at the obstetric emergency at Hospital San Bartolomé were included, and they underwent an immunochromatography test for IgM / IgG, to determine the seroprevalence of COVID-19. Obstetric and perinatal variables were collected in a data sheet upon admission to the emergency room. Results: Rapid test for SARS-CoV-19 was performed in 345 pregnant women who were hospitalized for delivery care. The average age was 27 years, with 10% adolescents and 16% over 35 years; 60% had 2 to 4 pregnancies, 38% of deliveries were vaginal, 15% of them preterm; 1.2% of the pregnant women were symptomatic and 0.2% were admitted to the intensive care unit. 61% of the newborns weighed between 2 500 and 3 500 g, 53% were male, 94% had an Apgar score greater than 7 at one minute, 3.3% with a positive swab within the first 24 hours. There were 3% fetal deaths. 48% of the pregnant women came from the Northern Cone of the city of Lima. Conclusions: Almost 100% of the pregnant women were asymptomatic and only 0.2% had respiratory complications. The mode of delivery by cesarean section was low in relation to other publications, all had obstetric indication. A small number of neonates had a positive swab. There was a higher incidence of fetal deaths in July 2020. The highest percentage of patients came from the Northern Cone of Lima

Carborane-stilbene dyads: influence of substituents and cluster isomers on the photoluminescence properties

Two novel styrene-containing meta-carborane derivatives substituted at the second carbon cluster atom (Cc) with either a methyl (Me), or a phenyl (Ph) group, are introduced herein alongside with a new set of stilbene-containing ortho- (o-) and meta- (m-) carborane dyads. The latter set of compounds has been prepared from styrenecontaining carborane derivatives via Heck coupling reaction. High regioselectivity has been achieved for these compounds by using a combination of palladium complexes [Pd2(dba)3]/[Pd(t-Bu3P)2] as a catalytic system, yielding exclusively E isomers. All compounds have been fully characterized and the crystal structures of seven of them analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The absorption spectra of these compounds are similar to those of their respective fluorophore groups (styrene or stilbene), showing very low influence of the substituent (Me or Ph) linked to the second Cc atom or the cluster isomer (o- or m-). On the other hand, fluorescence spectroscopy revealed high emission intensities for Me-o-carborane derivatives, whereas their Ph-o-carborane analogues evidenced an almost total lack of fluorescence, confirming the significant role of the substituent bound to the adjacent Cc in o-carboranes. In contrast, all the m-carborane derivatives display similar photoluminescence (PL) behavior regardless of the substituent attached to the second Cc, demonstrating its small influence on the emission properties. Additionally, m-carborane derivatives are significantly more fluorescent than their o- counterparts, reaching quantum yield values as high as 30.2%. Regarding the solid state emission, only stilbene-containing Ph-o-carborane derivatives, which showed very low fluorescence in solution, exhibited a notable PL emission in films attributed to the aggregation-induced emission. DFT calculations were performed to successfully complement the photoluminescence studies, supporting the experimentally observed photophysical behavior of the styrene and stilbene-containing carborane derivatives. In conclusion, in this work is proved that it is possible to tailor the PL properties of the carborane-stilbene dyads by changing the Cc substituent and the carborane isomer.This work has been supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, MINECO, (CTQ2013-44670-R and CTQ2013-41339-P), and Generalitat de Catalunya (2014/SGR/149). Theoretical calculations have been achieved using computers from the Centro Técnico de Informática del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Ciéntificas (CTI-CSIC). ICMAB acknowledges financial support from the MINECO, through the “Severo Ochoa” Program for Centers of Excellence in R&D (SEV- 2015-0496).Peer reviewe

A 3D Peptide/[60]Fullerene Hybrid for Multivalent Recognition

Multivalent ligand presentation is a powerful strategy for the development of specific binders and inhibitors. Peptide/[60]fullerene hybrids have now been synthesized that exploit the complete substitution of the fullerene scaffold to afford globular structures presenting twelve copies of a peptide ligand for the recognition of E-selectin. Fully substituted peptide/[60]fullerene hexakis-adducts offer an excellent opportunity for multivalent protein recognition. In contrast to monofunctionalized fullerene hybrids, peptide/[60]fullerene hexakis-adducts display multiple copies of a peptide in close spatial proximity and in the three dimensions of space. High affinity peptide binders for almost any target can be currently identified by in vitro evolution techniques, often providing synthetically simpler alternatives to natural ligands. However, despite the potential of peptide/[60]fullerene hexakis-adducts, these promising conjugates have not been reported to date. Here we present a synthetic strategy for the construction of 3D multivalent hybrids that are able to bind with high affinity the E-selectin. The here synthesized fully substituted peptide/[60]fullerene hybrids and their multivalent recognition of natural receptors constitute a proof of principle for their future application as functional biocompatible materialsThis work was partially supported by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) [SAF2017-89890-R, PCI2019-103400, PID2020-117143RB-I00, PID2020-114653RB-I00 and PID2020-115120GB-I00], Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/25 and Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2019–2022, ED431G 2019/03) and the European Commission (EC) (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF). J.M. thanks the ERC-STG (DYNAP, 677786), ERC-POC (TraffikGene, 838002), Xunta de Galicia (Oportunius Program) and Human Frontier Science Programme Young Investigator Grant (RGY0066/2017) for funding. J.J.R. received a Beatriz Galindo Grant (BEAGAL18-00051) by the Spanish Ministerio de Universidades. I.G. received predoctoral fellowships (ED481A-2018/116 and FPU17/00941). J.C.-G. thanks the Comunidad de Madrid Atracción de Talento program (2018-T2/BMD-10275)S

Infusion fluids contain harmful glucose degradation products

PURPOSE: Glucose degradation products (GDPs) are precursors of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that cause cellular damage and inflammation. We examined the content of GDPs in commercially available glucose-containing infusion fluids and investigated whether GDPs are found in patients' blood. METHODS: The content of GDPs was examined in infusion fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. To investigate whether GDPs also are found in patients, we included 11 patients who received glucose fluids (standard group) during and after their surgery and 11 control patients receiving buffered saline (control group). Blood samples were analyzed for GDP content and carboxymethyllysine (CML), as a measure of AGE formation. The influence of heat-sterilized fluids on cell viability and cell function upon infection was investigated. RESULTS: All investigated fluids contained high concentrations of GDPs, such as 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG). Serum concentration of 3-DG increased rapidly by a factor of eight in patients receiving standard therapy. Serum CML levels increased significantly and showed linear correlation with the amount of infused 3-DG. There was no increase in serum 3-DG or CML concentrations in the control group. The concentration of GDPs in most of the tested fluids damaged neutrophils, reducing their cytokine secretion, and inhibited microbial killing. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that normal standard fluid therapy involves unwanted infusion of GDPs. Reduction of the content of GDPs in commonly used infusion fluids may improve cell function, and possibly also organ function, in intensive-care patients

Formación de los tutores de las prácticas externas como herramienta eficaz en la mejora del aprendizaje del estudiante y su inserción laboral

El objetivo del proyecto es mejorar la calidad de la tutorización de las prácticas externas y fomentar las buenas prácticas que garanticen el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Están implicados tutores académicos, externos, instituciones y estudiante

Innovaciones en la Gestión del Agua en la Agricultura: Experiencias y Oportunidades en América Latina

Este libro ofrece una revisión del contexto en el que se ha desarrollado la agricultura bajo riego; a partir de las experiencias en dos países (México y Perú) en los que se han hecho diversas innovaciones; y luego, a partir de ello, con una visión prospectiva, se hacen sugerencias de acciones necesarias en otros países que pueden aprender de la experiencia. La publicación aporta una visión prospectiva y destaca los aspectos prioritarios de la política pública, y los criterios para priorizar la asignación de recursos para apoyar a los agricultores más vulnerables. A la vez, concluye con un capítulo que invita a fortalecer la cooperación internacional

Arviointitutkimus Pelastakaa Lapset ry:n tukiperheleiristä

Tukiperhetoiminta on Lastensuojelulaissa määritelty avohuollon tukitoimi. Lastensuojelun piiriin kuulu-vista lapsista ja nuorista on pidetty tilastoa vuodesta 1991 ja siitä lähtien lastensuojelun piiriin kuuluvien lasten määrä on kasvanut tasaista vauhtia. Ensimmäisen kerran laskua tuli vuonna 2009, mutta 2010 luku lähti taas nousuun. Lastensuojelutyötä tekevät järjestöt ovat tässä tärkeä osa ja yhtenä isoimpana ja van-himpana järjestönä Suomessa toimii kansainvälinen Pelastakaa Lapset ry. Pelastakaa Lapset ry tekee monenlaista lastensuojelu työtä ja yhtenä isona osana on myös tukiperhetoi-minta. Tukiperhetoiminnassa Pelastakaa Lapset järjestää koulutusta, rekrytointia sekä neuvomista laki-asioissa. Yhtenä osana Pelastakaa Lapset ry:n toimintaa on myös Pelakuu tukiperheleirit, joihin kutsutaan mukaan niin tukiperheitä kuin tuettavia perheitäkin. Opinnäytetyössäni keskityn nimenomaan Tampereen ja Keski-suomen aluetoimistojen Pelakuu tukiper-heleirin parantamiseen ja kehittämiseen. Olen itse ollut kyseisellä leirillä ohjaajana seitsemänä vuotena peräkkäin ja sitä kautta minulla on vahva tietopohja kyseisestä leiristä. Opinnäytetyössäni haastattelin leirillä olleita aikuisia ja kyselin heidän mielipiteitään leiristä ja mitä hyviä asioita leirillä oli ja mitkä asiat kaipaavat kehittämistä. Leiri on viikonlopun kestävä ja leirillä on ohjelmaa pelkästään aikuisilla ja lapsille sekä myös yhteistä ohjelmaa. Haastatteluista kävi ilmi, että leirin perusrunko on hyvä ja toimiva sekä se että leirillä on mo-nipuolista tekemistä koko perheelle. Haastatteluista nousseita kehittämistarpeita olivat nimenomaan aikuisten oman keskusteluosuuden toteuttamistapa sekä se kuinka aikuisia kohdellaan ja otetaan huomi-oon.Family support activities is a support measure of open welfare defined in the child protection law. There are statistics about children and young people who belong to the sphere of the child protection law since 1991 and ever since the number on children within the sphere of the law has grown steadily. In 2009 that number started fall the first time but started grow again in 2010. Child protection work organizations play a very important role in that and one of the biggest and oldest organization is Save the Children. Save the Children does many kind of child protection work and one big part of that is family support activities. Within family support activities Save the Children provides training, recruitment and advice in law issues. As a part of Save the Children activities are also Pelakuu family support camps which are in-tended for both support families and host families. In my thesis I will especially focus on the improvement and development of Tampere and Middle Finland regional offices’ Pelakuu family support camps. I have personally been in that camp seven years in a row and that is why I have a strong knowledge of that camp. In my thesis I interviewed the adults who had been in the camp and asked them their opinions about the camp and what good things there were in the camp and what things need to developed. The camp is a weekend camp and has a program just for adults and children as well as group programs. The interview revealed that the basis of the camp is good and functional and that there is a variety of ac-tivities for the whole family. The development needs concerned the execution of adults’ discussion session and the way adults are treated and taken into consideration in the camp