Pasiones devoradoras y sentimientos trágicos. El tema del amor en algunas canciones rituales ganaderas de los Andes

This article will examine a certain sentimental education. It will try to describe the emotional world of the people who participates in the cattle branding rituals of the Lima Highlands (Peru). This sentimental ethnography will be restricted to the corpus of songs recollected in a specific region -the Chancay valley peasant communities- by the author and an anthropologist who was there forty years ago. I will try to depict the kind of feelings that these songs express. I will not consider them as being part of a coherent ideology but rather as critical and also contradictory comments. These comments give us a modern Andean peasantry perspective about their ecology, their way of life and the recent modernization processes in the region. Their perspective in these ritual songs seems to be translated into the vocabulary of passions, particularly the unfortunate love. Actually, the cattle branding ritual in which the songs appear constitute a space in which cattle farmers must symbolically appropriate their animals and at the same time send them to death selling them to the slaughterhouses of the city.Este artículo examina una cierta educación sentimental. Tratará de describir el mundo emocional de los participantes en los rituales ganaderos de la sierra de Lima (Perú). Esta etnografía sentimental se restringe al corpus de canciones recogidas en una zona específica -las comunidades campesinas del valle de Chancay- por el autor y un antropólogo que visitó la misma región hace cuarenta años. Intentaré retratar el tipo de sentimientos que estas canciones expresan. En vez de considerarlos como parte de una ideología coherente, los examinaré como comentarios críticos y contradictorios. Estos comentarios nos pueden dar una idea de la perspectiva de los campesinos de los Andes acerca de su ecología, estilo de vida y los procesos de modernización más recientes. En las canciones rituales, esta perspectiva parece estar traducida en el vocabulario de las pasiones, en particular, del amor desafortunado. De hecho, la herranza en la que estas canciones aparecen constituye un momento en que los ganaderos deben apropiarse simbólicamente del ganado y, al mismo tiempo, enviarlos a la muerte por medio de su venta a los mataderos de la ciudad

Exploring intercultural sensitivity levels of Chinese and non-Chinese working together in China

Abstract. As societies and individuals from different cultural backgrounds interact, the cultivation of intercultural sensitivity becomes critical for the development of intercultural communication competence. China, and its growing number of crosscultural working environments, specially in the foreign language education sector are ideal for studying intercultural communication. However, and given the existing gap in research regarding intercultural sensitivity in this context, the present study analyzes what levels of intercultural sensitivity exist among Chinese and non-Chinese working together in crosscultural environments across China. At the same time, this study investigates which factors contribute to differentiating intercultural sensitivity levels among respondents. To answer these questions, a number of online surveys were conducted in order to examine background information from a group of Chinese and non-Chinese (N=62) working together in crosscultural environments across China. The Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) was used to measure intercultural sensitivity levels among respondents. Additionally, six interviews were conducted as complementary to the quantitative data. Results indicated that respondents scored high to very high levels of intercultural sensitivity across the five dimensions of the ISS. Furthermore, factors such as fluency in the host country’s language (Chinese mandarin) and having previous overseas study experience showed a significant impact on the level of intercultural sensitivity of participants. No statistically significant impact was found on factors such as gender, having close international contacts, nationality, and having a language teaching profession. Lastly, important differences were found in the reported experiences of participants in comparison to their IS levels in the areas of Respect for Cultural Differences, Interaction Engagement and Interaction Attentiveness. The findings in this study highlight the significance of having overseas study experience and foreign language ability as factors that contribute to higher levels of IS. Nevertheless, the comparison of quantitative and qualitative results suggest that the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale may require further examination as to how it captures the concept of IS

On the heterochromatic number of hypergraphs associated to geometric graphs and to matroids

The heterochromatic number hc(H) of a non-empty hypergraph H is the smallest integer k such that for every colouring of the vertices of H with exactly k colours, there is a hyperedge of H all of whose vertices have different colours. We denote by nu(H) the number of vertices of H and by tau(H) the size of the smallest set containing at least two vertices of each hyperedge of H. For a complete geometric graph G with n > 2 vertices let H = H(G) be the hypergraph whose vertices are the edges of G and whose hyperedges are the edge sets of plane spanning trees of G. We prove that if G has at most one interior vertex, then hc(H) = nu(H) - tau(H) + 2. We also show that hc(H) = nu(H) - tau(H) + 2 whenever H is a hypergraph with vertex set and hyperedge set given by the ground set and the bases of a matroid, respectively

Las sociedades científicas de estudiantes de odontología: una fuerza motriz para la investigación.

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Exploiting locality in the run-time parallelization of irregular loops

This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICPP.2002.1040856[Abstract] The goal of this work is the efficient parallel execution of loops with indirect array accesses, in order to be embedded in a parallelizing compiler framework. In this kind of loop pattern, dependences can not always be determined at compile-time as, in many cases, they involve input data that are only known at run-time and/or the access pattern is too complex to be analyzed In this paper we propose runtime strategies for the parallelization of these loops. Our approaches focus not only on extracting parallelism among iterations of the loop, but also on exploiting data access locality to improve memory hierarchy behavior and, thus, the overall program speedup. Two strategies are proposed one based on graph partitioning techniques and other based on a block-cyclic distribution. Experimental results show that both strategies are complementary and the choice of the best alternative depends on some features of the loop pattern.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología; TIC2001-3694-C0

ARP-Path: ARP-based Shortest Path Bridges

This letter is a summary proposal for an evolution of the Ethernet transparent bridge paradigm that provides simple, shortest path bridging in campus networks. ARP-Path Ethernet Switches set up an on-demand path between two hosts just reusing and flooding the standard ARP request frame through all links and confirming the path reaching to the destination host with the ARP reply frame. ARP-Path uses the standard Ethernet frame format, is fully transparent to hosts and does not require spanning tree or link state protocol. Simulation results show superior performance to spanning tree and similar to shortest path routing, with lower complexity. Our implementations confirm backward compatibility, robustness and performance.This work was supported in part by grants from Comunidad de Madrid and Comunidad de Castilla la Mancha through Projects MEDIANET-CM (S- 2009/TIC-1468) and EMARECE (PII1I09-0204-4319).Publicad

Potential implications of coronary artery calcium testing for guiding aspirin use among asymptomatic individuals with diabetes.

ObjectiveIt is unclear whether coronary artery calcium (CAC) is effective for risk stratifying patients with diabetes in whom treatment decisions are uncertain.Research design and methodsOf 44,052 asymptomatic individuals referred for CAC testing, we studied 2,384 individuals with diabetes. Subjects were followed for a mean of 5.6 ± 2.6 years for the end point of all-cause mortality.ResultsThere were 162 deaths (6.8%) in the population. CAC was a strong predictor of mortality across age-groups (age <50, 50-59, ≥60), sex, and risk factor burden (0 vs. ≥1 additional risk factor). In individuals without a clear indication for aspirin per current guidelines, CAC stratified risk, identifying patients above and below the 10% risk threshold of presumed aspirin benefit.ConclusionsCAC can help risk stratify individuals with diabetes and may aid in selection of patients who may benefit from therapies such as low-dose aspirin for primary prevention

Influencia del acondicionamiento de la dentina con ácido poliacrílico en la resistencia al cizallamiento de un cemento de ionómero de vidrio modificado con resina con tecnología de nano relleno.

Purpose: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of dentin conditioning with polyacrylic acid on the shear bond strength of the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement Ketac N100 (3MESPE). Material and methods: Eighteen bovine incisors were randomly divided into two groups (n=18): group 1, without dentin surface treatment, and group 2, with dentin surface treated with 10% polyacrylic acid for 15 seconds. In both groups the primer was applied before the application of the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Ketac N100) and light-cured for 20 seconds. After 24 hours, the specimens were submitted to thermocycling for 350 cycles, and the teeth were immersed in distilled water at room temperature. After 24 hours, specimens were tested for shear bond strength at 1mm/minute crosshead speed. The collected data were analyzed using the non-parametric test of Mann Whitney (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant difference in shear bond strength values between the treatment and control groups, the group with dentin conditioning with 10% polyacrylic acid showed higher shear strength values than the group without dentin treatment. Conclusion: Application of 10% polyacrylic acid on dentin increases the shear bond strength values of nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement.Objetivo: Este estudio in vitro tuvo como objetivo evaluar la influencia del acondicionamiento de la dentina con ácido poliacrílico sobre la resistencia al cizallamiento del cemento de ionómero de vidrio modificado con resina con tecnología de nano relleno Ketac N100 (3MESPE). Material y Métodos: Dieciocho incisivos bovinos se dividieron aleatoriamente en dos grupos (n = 18): el grupo 1, sin tratamiento de la superficie dentinaria, y el grupo 2, con la superficie dentinaria tratada con ácido poliacrílico al 10% durante 15 segundos. En ambos grupos, el Primer se aplicó antes de la aplicación del cemento de ionómero devidrio modificado con resina con tecnología de nano relleno (Ketac N100) y se fotopolimerizó durante 20 segundos. Después de 24 horas, las muestras se sometieron a 350 ciclos de termociclado y los dientes se sumergieron en agua destilada a temperatura ambiente.Después de 24 horas, las muestras se evaluaron para determinar la resistencia al cizallamiento a una velocidad constante de 1 mm / minuto. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados mediante la prueba no paramétrica de Mann Whitney (p<0.05). Resultados: Hubo una diferencia significativa en los valores de resistencia al cizallamiento entre los grupos de tratamiento y control, el grupo con acondicionamiento de dentina con ácido poliacrílico al 10% mostró valores de resistencia al cizallamiento más altos que el grupo sin tratamiento de la dentina. Conclusión: La aplicación de ácido poliacrílico al 10% sobre la dentina aumenta los valores de resistencia al cizallamiento del cemento de ionómero de vidrio modificado con resina con tecnología de nano relleno