Relación entre el grado de corrosión y el comportamiento mecánico de armaduras B500 SD corroídas

En este trabajo se discuten las herramientas de orden matemático necesarias para la presentación, a los alumnos de grado en edificación, de una metodología para el análisis de la incidencia de la corrosión de armaduras en su límite elástico y su resistencia a tracción, discutiendo los resultados de un ensayo a tracción

Hawking radiation from an analogue bouncing geometry

We propose a setting that simulates Hawking radiation from an analogue bouncing geometry, i.e., a collapsing geometry that reverts its collapse after a finite time, in a setup consisting of a coplanar waveguide terminated in superconducting quantum-interference devices at both ends. We demonstrate experimental feasibility of the proposed setup within the current technology. Our analysis illustrates the resilience of Hawking radiation under changes in the physics at energy scales much larger than the temperature, supporting the idea that regular alternatives to black holes would also emit Hawking radiation.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

Body shape trajectories and risk of breast cancer: results from the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad De navarra") Project

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess body shape trajectories in childhood and midlife in relation to subsequent risk of breast cancer (BC) in a Mediterranean cohort. Design: The “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) Project is a dynamic prospective cohort study of university graduates initiated in 1999. With a group-based modelling approach, we assessed body shape trajectories from age 5 to 40 years. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for BC after the age of 40 years according to the body shape trajectory. Setting: City of Pamplona, in the North of Spain. Participants: 6498 women with a mean age of 40 years (sd 9). Results: We identified four distinct body shape trajectories ("childhood lean-midlife increase" (19·9 %), "childhood medium-midlife stable” (53 %), "childhood heavy-midlife stable" (21 %) and "childhood heavy-midlife increase" (6·1 %)). Among 54 978 women-years of follow-up, we confirmed eighty-two incident cases of BC. Women in the "childhood lean-midlife increase" group showed a higher risk of BC (HR = 1·84, 95 % CI 1·11, 3·04) compared with women in the "childhood medium-midlife stable" category. This association was stronger for postmenopausal BC (HR = 2·42, 95 % CI 1·07, 5·48). Conclusions: Our results suggest a role for lifetime adiposity in breast carcinogenesis.Financial support: The SUN Project has received funding from the Spanish Government-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (RD 06/0045, CIBER-OBN, grants PI10/02658, PI10/02293, PI13/00615, PI14/01668, PI14/01798, PI14/01764, PI17/01795 and G03/140), the Navarra Regional Government (45/2011, 122/2014 and 41/2016) and the University of Navarra

Production of Methyl Lactate with Sn-USY and Sn-β: Insights into Real Hemicellulose Valorization

Potassium exchanged Sn-β and Sn-USY zeolites have been tested for the transformation of various aldoses (hexoses and pentoses), exhibiting outstanding catalytic activity and selectivity toward methyl lactate. Insights into the transformation pathways using reaction intermediates─dihydroxyacetone and glycolaldehyde─as substrates revealed a very high catalytic proficiency of both zeolites in aldol and retro-aldol reactions, showcasing their ability to convert small sugars into large sugars, and vice versa. This feature makes the studied Sn-zeolites outstanding catalysts for the transformation of a wide variety of sugars into a limited range of commercially valuable alkyl lactates and derivatives. [K]Sn-β proved to be superior to [K]Sn-USY in terms of shape selectivity, exerting tight control on the distribution of produced α-hydroxy methyl esters. This shape selectivity was evident in the transformation of several complex sugar mixtures emulating different hemicelluloses─sugar cane bagasse, Scots pine, and white birch─that, despite showing very different sugar compositions, were almost exclusively converted into methyl lactate and methyl vinyl glycolate in very similar proportions. Moreover, the conversion of a real hemicellulose hydrolysate obtained from Scots pine through a simple GVL-based organosolv process confirmed the high activity and selectivity of [K]Sn-β in the studied transformation, opening new pathways for the chemical valorization of this plentiful, but underutilized, sugar feedstock

The Relationship between Depressive Symptoms, Quality of Life and miRNAs 8 Years after Bariatric Surgery

Altres ajuts: Universidad de Málaga, UMA20-FEDERJA-144; Junta de Andalucia, PI-0194-2017, C-0028-2018, RC-005-2020, DOC_00288 and DOC_01095Background: There are conflicting results on whether weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) might be associated with quality of life (QoL)/depressive symptomatology. We aim to determine whether BS outcomes are associated with QoL/depressive symptomatology in studied patients at the 8-year follow-up after BS, as well as their relationship with different serum proteins and miRNAs. Methods: A total of 53 patients with class III obesity who underwent BS, and then classified into "good responders" and "non-responders" depending on the percentage of excess weight lost (%EWL) 8 years after BS (%EWL ≥ 50% and %EWL < 50%, respectively), were included. Basal serum miRNAs and different proteins were analysed, and patients completed tests to evaluate QoL/depressive symptomatology at 8 years after BS. Results: The good responders group showed higher scores on SF-36 scales of physical functioning, role functioning-physical, role functioning-emotional, body pain and global general health compared with the non-responders. The expression of hsa-miR-101-3p, hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-29c-3p, hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-19b-3p were lower in non-responders. Hsa-miR-19b-3p was the variable associated with the response to BS in a logistic regression model. Conclusions: The mental health of patients after BS is limited by the success of the intervention. In addition, the expression of basal serum miRNAs related to depression/anxiety could predict the success of BS

Human Rickettsia felis Infection, Canary Islands, Spain

We report the first cases of human infection by Rickettsia felis in the Canary Islands. Antibodies against R. felis were found in 5 adsorbed serum samples from 44 patients with clinically suspected rickettsiosis by Western blot serology. Fleas from 1 patient's dog were positive for R. felis by polymerase chain reaction

Body mass index interacts with a genetic-risk score for depression increasing the risk of the disease in high-susceptibility individuals

Depression is strongly associated with obesity among other chronic physical diseases. The latest mega- and meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies have identified multiple risk loci robustly associated with depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a genetic-risk score (GRS) combining multiple depression risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might have utility in the prediction of this disorder in individuals with obesity. A total of 30 depression-associated SNPs were included in a GRS to predict the risk of depression in a large case-control sample from the Spanish PredictD-CCRT study, a national multicentre, randomized controlled trial, which included 104 cases of depression and 1546 controls. An unweighted GRS was calculated as a summation of the number of risk alleles for depression and incorporated into several logistic regression models with depression status as the main outcome. Constructed models were trained and evaluated in the whole recruited sample. Non-genetic-risk factors were combined with the GRS in several ways across the five predictive models in order to improve predictive ability. An enrichment functional analysis was finally conducted with the aim of providing a general understanding of the biological pathways mapped by analyzed SNPs. We found that an unweighted GRS based on 30 risk loci was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression. Although the GRS itself explained a small amount of variance of depression, we found a significant improvement in the prediction of depression after including some non-genetic-risk factors into the models. The highest predictive ability for depression was achieved when the model included an interaction term between the GRS and the body mass index (BMI), apart from the inclusion of classical demographic information as marginal terms (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI = [0.65, 0.76]). Functional analyses on the 30 SNPs composing the GRS revealed an over-representation of the mapped genes in signaling pathways involved in processes such as extracellular remodeling, proinflammatory regulatory mechanisms, and circadian rhythm alterations. Although the GRS on its own explained a small amount of variance of depression, a significant novel feature of this study is that including non-genetic-risk factors such as BMI together with a GRS came close to the conventional threshold for clinical utility used in ROC analysis and improves the prediction of depression. In this study, the highest predictive ability was achieved by the model combining the GRS and the BMI under an interaction term. Particularly, BMI was identified as a trigger-like risk factor for depression acting in a concerted way with the GRS component. This is an interesting finding since it suggests the existence of a risk overlap between both diseases, and the need for individual depression genetics-risk evaluation in subjects with obesity. This research has therefore potential clinical implications and set the basis for future research directions in exploring the link between depression and obesity-associated disorders. While it is likely that future genome-wide studies with large samples will detect novel genetic variants associated with depression, it seems clear that a combination of genetics and non-genetic information (such is the case of obesity status and other depression comorbidities) will still be needed for the optimization prediction of depression in high-susceptibility individuals

Fission yeast Ags1 confers the essential septum strength needed for safe gradual cell abscission

[EN]Fungal cytokinesis requires the assembly of a dividing septum wall. In yeast, the septum has to be selectively digested during the critical cell separation process. Fission yeast cell wall alpha (1-3) glucan is essential, but nothing is known about its localization and function inthe cell wall or about cooperation between the alpha - and beta (1-3) glucan synthases Ags1 and Bgs for cell wall and septum assembly. Here, we generate a physiological Ags1-GFP variant and demonstrate a tight colocalization with Bgs1, suggesting a cooperation in the important early steps of septum construction. Moreover, we define the essential functions of alpha(1-3) glucan in septation and cell separation. We show that alpha (1-3) glucan is essential for both secondary septum formation and the primary septum structural strength needed to support the physical forces of the cell turgor pressure during cell separation. Consequently, the absence of Ags1 and therefore alpha(1-3)glucan generates a special and unique side-explosive cell separation due to an instantaneous primary septum tearing caused by the turgor pressure

Extracellular cysteine disulfide bond break at Cys122 disrupts PIP2-dependent Kir2.1 channel function and leads to arrhythmias in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome

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