Low X-Ray Luminosity Galaxy Clusters. IV. SDSS galaxy clusters at z < 0.2

This is the fourth of a series of papers on low X-ray luminosity galaxy clusters. The sample comprises 45 galaxy clusters with X-ray luminosities fainter than 0.7 × 1044 erg s.1 at redshifts lower than 0.2 in the regions of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The sample of spectroscopic members of the galaxy clusters was obtained with the criteria: Rp ≤ 1Mpc and δV ≤ σ using our σ estimates containing 21 galaxy clusters with more than six spectroscopic members. We have also defined a sample of photometric members with galaxies that satisfy rp ≤ 1Mpc, and δV ≤ 6000 km s -1 including 45 galaxy clusters with more than six cluster members.We have divided the redshift range in three bins: Z ≤ 0.065; 0.065 z 0.10; and z ≤ 0.10. We have stacked the galaxy clusters using the spectroscopic sub-sample and we have computed the best RS linear fit within 1 σ dispersion.With the photometric sub-sample we have added more data to the RS obtaining the photometric 1σ dispersion relative to the spectroscopic RS fit. We have computed the luminosity function using the 1/Vmax method fitting it with a Schechter function. The obtained parameters for these galaxy clusters with low X-ray luminosities are remarkably similar to those for groups and poor galaxy clusters at these lower redshifts.Fil: O'Mill, Ana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Valotto, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Nilo Castellón, Jos Luis. Universidad de La Serena; Chil

An analysis of the mobility hub concept in the Netherlands:Historical lessons for its implementation

The mobility hub concept has become increasingly popular within international research and policies, including in The Netherlands. However, judging by the (still) limited share of multimodality in the Netherlands, similar historical concepts seemed insufficient to prompting a fundamental shift from individual car use to multimodal transport. To enable planners to be better positioned to implement the mobility hub concept, we compared its value with that of related concepts that were previously implemented. Specifically, we examined historical Dutch policy documents and conducted expert and frontrunner interviews to evaluate the mobility hub as a policy concept. We first traced the evolution of the mobility hub, focusing on node and place-based concepts that have been implemented since the second half of the 20th century. We found that related concepts, such as Park and Ride (P + R) or transit-oriented development (TOD), have typically focused on improving transfers between collective and feeder transport, while interactions with land use have gained increased attention. We derived policy lessons from the implementation of these historical policy concepts. Our findings suggest that strategically chosen locations, integrated mobility systems, flanking policies, multi-level policy coherence and public–private cooperation are important considerations when implementing mobility hubs. Moreover, shared mobility, mobility as a service, vehicle electrification, and demand-responsive transit could advance the implementation of TOD, P + R, neighbourhood and rural hubs. In conclusion, the design of different types of mobility hubs should ideally be based on underlying policy objectives and adapted according to context

Understanding Dry Powder Inhalers: Key Technical and Patient Preference Attributes

Inhalable medications for patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be confusing even for health care professionals because of the multitude of available devices each with different operating principles. Dry powder inhalers (DPI) are a valuable option for almost all of the patients with asthma or COPD. Based on recorded patient inspiratory profiles, the peak inspiratory flow requirement of 30 L min−1 of high-resistance devices does not usually pose any practical limitations for the patients. Suboptimal adherence and errors in device handling are common and require continuous checking and patient education in order to avoid these pitfalls of all inhalation therapy. The aim of this opinion paper is to describe the working principles of DPIs and to summarise their key properties in order to help prescribing the correct inhaler for each patient

Novel Mutation Hotspots within Non-Coding Regulatory Regions of the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Genome

Mutations in non-coding DNA regions are increasingly recognized as cancer drivers. These mutations can modify gene expression in cis or by inducing high-order chormatin structure modifications with long-range effects. Previous analysis reported the detection of recurrent and functional non-coding DNA mutations in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) genome, such as those in the 3' untranslated region of NOTCH1 and in the PAX5 super-enhancer. In this report, we used whole genome sequencing data produced by the International Cancer Genome Consortium in order to analyze regions with previously reported regulatory activity. This approach enabled the identification of numerous recurrently mutated regions that were frequently positioned in the proximity of genes involved in immune and oncogenic pathways. By correlating these mutations with expression of their nearest genes, we detected significant transcriptional changes in genes such as PHF2 and S1PR2. More research is needed to clarify the function of these mutations in CLL, particularly those found in intergenic regions

The Role of the PAA1 Gene on Melatonin Biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A Search of New Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferases

Recently, the presence of melatonin in fermented beverages has been correlated with yeast metabolism during alcoholic fermentation. Melatonin, originally considered a unique product of the pineal gland of vertebrates, has been also identified in a wide range of invertebrates, plants, bacteria, and fungi in the last two decades. These findings bring the challenge of studying the function of melatonin in yeasts and the mechanisms underlying its synthesis. However, the necessary information to improve the selection and production of this interesting molecule in fermented beverages is to disclose the genes involved in the metabolic pathway. So far, only one gene has been proposed as involved in melatonin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, PAA1, a polyamine acetyltransferase, a homolog of the vertebrate’s aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT). In this study, we assessed the in vivo function of PAA1 by evaluating the bioconversion of the different possible substrates, such as 5-methoxytryptamine, tryptamine, and serotonin, using different protein expression platforms. Moreover, we expanded the search for new N-acetyltransferase candidates by combining a global transcriptome analysis and the use of powerful bioinformatic tools to predict similar domains to AANAT in S. cerevisiae. The AANAT activity of the candidate genes was validated by their overexpression in E. coli because, curiously, this system evidenced higher differences than the overexpression in their own host S. cerevisiae. Our results confirm that PAA1 possesses the ability to acetylate different aralkylamines, but AANAT activity does not seem to be the main acetylation activity. Moreover, we also prove that Paa1p is not the only enzyme with this AANAT activity. Our search of new genes detected HPA2 as a new arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase in S. cerevisiae. This is the first report that clearly proves the involvement of this enzyme in AANAT activity

Constructivismo social en la pedagogía

El artículo se aborda desde la investigación científica y tecnológica, de los resultados obtenidos al examinar la apropiación pedagógica del constructivismo social en la práctica docente del área de matemáticas en la Institución Educativa Magdalena de Sogamoso (Boyacá). La metodología utilizada para el estudio es de tipo cualitativo, con enfoque crítico social, así mismo la investigación-acción, mediada por una intervención de clase constructivista para dar respuesta a las necesidades detectadas en el área de matemáticas en los estudiantes de séptimo, octavo y noveno. Como resultado de la investigación, se evidenció que las prácticas docentes tienen influencias del modelo tradicionalista y tecnológico para la enseñanza de las matemáticas. Con respecto al desarrollo de las clases constructivistas, se identificó que superaron los niveles insuficientes a suficientes; en cuanto a interacción docente-estudiante, ambiente de aula, normas de convivencia, no obstante, las estrategias metodológicas requieren un cambio en la selección concreta de los recursos disponibles, la motivación, la propuesta de situaciones reales para propiciar el aprendizaje constructivo y favorecer el desarrollo de destrezas desde las matemáticas para la vid

The Loss of Functional Caspase-12 in Europe Is a Pre-Neolithic Event

Contains fulltext : 109878.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Caspase-12 (CASP12) modulates the susceptibility to sepsis. In humans, the "C" allele at CASP12 rs497116 has been associated with an increased risk of sepsis. Instead, the derived "T" allele encodes for an inactive caspase-12. Interestingly, Eurasians are practically fixed for the inactive variant, whereas in Sub-Saharan Africa the active variant is still common (~24%). This marked structure has been explained as a function of the selective advantage that the inactive caspase-12 confers by increasing resistance to infection. As regards to both when positive selection started acting and as to the speed with which fixation was achieved in Eurasia, estimates depend on the method and assumptions used, and can vary substantially. Using experimental evidence, we propose that, least in Eurasia, the increase in the frequency of the T allele might be related to the selective pressure exerted by the increase in zoonotic diseases transmission caused by the interplay between increased human population densities and a closer contact with animals during the Neolithic. METHODOLOG/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We genotyped CASP12 rs497116 in prehistoric individuals from 6 archaeological sites from the North of the Iberian Peninsula that date from Late Upper Paleolithic to Late Neolithic. DNA extraction was done from teeth lacking cavities or breakages using standard anti-contamination procedures, including processing of the samples in a positive pressure, ancient DNA-only chamber, quantitation of DNAs by qPCR, duplication, replication, genotyping of associated animals, or cloning of PCR products. Out of 50, 24 prehistoric individuals could finally be genotyped for rs497116. Only the inactive form of CASP12 was found. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrate that the loss of caspase-12 in Europe predates animal domestication and that consequently CASP12 loss is unlikely to be related to the impact of zoonotic infections transmitted by livestock