Business incubators as allied in reducing the transaction costs in Mexican entrepreneurs

Purpose- Strategic alliances are given by voluntary agreement between the parties, and have various forms, means and objectives which exist. In this text, the incubators as potential allies for entrepre-neurs in the creation process of the company and as a cause of reduction of transaction costs in the process, where the relationship between the two sides have discussed them generates benefits of vari-ous natures. While it is not set as the union of both, if it looks like the relationship and close contact, as a network, which allows the incubator to survive and achieve its objective and entrepreneurial reduce the risk of birth as a company, in addition to build networks with other companies, organiza-tions or institutions and ease of financing, and even the possibility of investors. Design/methodology/approach- The method used for this paper is based on the analyses of official documents of the institutions referred, some studies on entrepreneurship and startups, and finally available data on new firms and institutions as RedJal and INEGI. In addition, incubators and studies on such cases were also reviewed to learn about the experience, services and working methods of these. This focused on observing what happens in Mexico about. Findings- Business incubators in Mexico use to be strategic partners for entrepreneurs that enable the latter to reduce their transaction costs to startup a new company. Business incubators are also important to reduce the risk of death of the company and reduce uncertainty in the process. Also, the services provided, experience and expertise by incubators are important for a growing business arises with the required formality and according to the law, of course protecting its intellectual property and creating an image that pays to create its own reputation. Conceptual Paper Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Vargas-Hernández, J. G., and Garcia Magaña, R.S. (2014). “Business incubators as allied in reducing the transaction costs in Mexican entrepre-neurs”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 1–9

The Link Between a Firm´s Internal Characteristics and Performance: GPTW & VRIO Dimension Analysis

The following article addresses the models of Dr. Jay Barney, author of the article “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage” and Robert Levering, author of the book “A Great Place to Work”, which deals with the internal characteristics of companies and how they impact on the performance of it. We analyze the dimensions of Value, Rarity, Imitation and Use of Dr. Jay Barney’s VRIO model and the dimensions of Respect, Credibility, Equity, Pride and Camaraderie through the Trust of Robert Levering’s model, as indicators of the company’s performance. This document conceptually describes theoretical arguments of these authors, why organizations need to focus on their internal characteristics, in order to improve their performance. The hypothesis is that the internal characteristics of the organization and its management impact on the performance of the company. The models of both authors provide extensive data on the positive relationship between the internal characteristics of the company and its performance

Linear scaling quantum transport methodologies

Altres ajuts: SR, AWC and JHG acknowledge PRACE and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (Project No. 2015133194). ICN2 is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.In recent years, predictive computational modeling has become a cornerstone for the study of fundamental electronic, optical, and thermal properties in complex forms of condensed matter, including Dirac and topological materials. The simulation of quantum transport in realistic models calls for the development of linear scaling, or order-N, numerical methods, which then become enabling tools for guiding experimental research and for supporting the interpretation of measurements. In this review, we describe and compare different order-N computational methods that have been developed during the past twenty years, and which have been used extensively to explore quantum transport phenomena in disordered media. We place particular focus on the zero-frequency electrical conductivities derived within the Kubo-Greenwood​ and Kubo-Streda formalisms, and illustrate the capabilities of these methods to tackle the quasi-ballistic, diffusive, and localization regimes of quantum transport in the noninteracting limit. The fundamental issue of computational cost versus accuracy of various proposed numerical schemes is addressed in depth. We then illustrate the usefulness of these methods with various examples of transport in disordered materials, such as polycrystalline and defected graphene models, 3D metals and Dirac semimetals, carbon nanotubes, and organic semiconductors. Finally, we extend the review to the study of spin dynamics and topological transport, for which efficient approaches for calculating charge, spin, and valley Hall conductivities are described

Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes: Role of Diet, Microbiota and Inflammation in Preclinical Models

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Epidemiological studies show the association between AD and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), although the mechanisms are not fully understood. Dietary habits and lifestyle, that are risk factors in both diseases, strongly modulate gut microbiota composition. Also, the brain-gut axis plays a relevant role in AD, diabetes and inflammation, through products of bacterial metabolism, like short-chain fatty acids. We provide a comprehensive review of current literature on the relation between dysbiosis, altered inflammatory cytokines profile and microglia in preclinical models of AD, T2DM and models that reproduce both diseases as commonly observed in the clinic. Increased proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, are widely detected. Microbiome analysis shows alterations in Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes phyla, among others. Altered alpha- and beta-diversity is observed in mice depending on genotype, gender and age; therefore, alterations in bacteria taxa highly depend on the models and approaches. We also review the use of pre- and probiotic supplements, that by favoring a healthy microbiome ameliorate AD and T2DM pathologies. Whereas extensive studies have been carried out, further research would be necessary to fully understand the relation between diet, microbiome and inflammation in AD and T2DM

Clinical and social profile of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Reynosa, Tamaulipas

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It generally causes pulmonary tuberculosis, with symptoms such as fever and expectoration. In 2020, the total number of tuberculosis cases worldwide was about 9.8 million, with a mortality of 1.5 million. In Mexico, pulmonary tuberculosis represents 79% of the total cases of tuberculosis, with an incidence of 24 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Tamaulipas ranks fifth nationally. This study seeks to determine the frequency in which social and risk factors associated with predisposition to tuberculosis occur in the population of Reynosa, Tamaulipas. Methods: Through an observational and descriptive study, data were collected from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis belonging to the Regional Center Against Tuberculosis in Reynosa, Tamaulipas. Data collection was carried out from February to May 2022 through the clinical history of the unit. Those patients in fully cured condition and those who presented negative smear microscopy during this period were excluded. Results: In the February-May period, 50 records of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included, where 58% were men, with a mean age of 38.4 years ± 16.6 DE, 56% of the participants were from the state of Tamaulipas, followed by Veracruz and San Luis Potosí with 22% and 4% respectively. The predominant level of education was middle school (23.5%), followed by complete elementary school, while the occupation that prevailed was unemployed (41.2%) followed by housewife (21.6%). Among the frequent symptoms were productive cough (89.8%) and fever (65.3%). Of the comorbidities present, diabetes mellitus stood out with 26%, while in the addictions we found alcoholism (25.7%) in the first place. Conclusions: The importance of describing the social and clinical situation of patients with tuberculosis lies in the identification of risk factors that can be considered in the development of strategies focused on the clinical manifestations of our region

Standardization of a Technique For Obtaining DNA From Footprints

Currently our country has high numbers of missing persons, Tamaulipas being one of the states with the highest rate of disappearances. The identification of people has become more important thanks to the development of molecular techniques. However, the limitations are very high, because it is necessary to compare the genetic pattern of the disappeared with the parents. Therefore, the objective of this research is to standardize a genomic DNA extraction technique from contact surfaces for its subsequent implementation in the identification of disappeared, allowing the comparison of the genetic pattern with the disappeared itself. For this, genomic DNA extraction was carried out using the Phenol-Chloroform technique from fingerprint samples on a slide. The analysis was performed in duplicate on 5 fingerprint donors at various times; 24 hours, 7 days, 15 days, 30 days and the quality and concentration of DNA was obtained by means of a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. An increase in DNA concentration was shown during the exposure time but a decrease in quality without presenting statistically significant differences (p\u3e 0.05). These results may be because with the passing of days and exposure to the environment it interferes with the quality of DNA due to the presence of nucleases

Association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurism. Case report

OBJECTIVE: Renal malformations are rare entities and rarely have clinical consequences. Crossed renal ectopia has an incidence of 1/2.000 autopsies. The association with aortic aneurysm is even more exceptional. METHODS: We present our case and perform a bibliographic review. RESULTS: To date and in our knowledge , seven cases of crossed renal ectopia associated with aortic aneurysm were described on the literature. This malformation makes the treatment of the aneurysm more complex. The possibility of renal function decrease caused by injuries to the renal arteries during the surgical procedure is always present. Because of this risk of injury of the kidney during surgery preoperative evaluation of the vascularization must include image technologies as the MRI, CT-angiography or conventional arteriography. During the aortic intervention vascular conservation must be performed and it is necessary to minimize the time of renal ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: The association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurysm is a rare event. The surgical intervention of the aorta does not have to necessarily originate a loss of renal function. Anyway the worsening of the renal clearance must be foreseen

Association of physical fitness components and health-related quality of life in women with systemic lupus erythematosus with mild disease activity

To study the association of different components of physical fitness [flexibility, muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)] and a clustered fitness score with healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL) in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to analyze whether participants with high fitness level have better HRQoL. This cross-sectional study included 70 women with SLE (aged 42.5; SD 13.9 years). The back-scratch test assessed flexibility, the 30-sec chair stand and handgrip strength tests assessed muscle strength, and the 6-min walk test (n = 49) assessed CRF. HRQoL was assessed through the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Our study suggests that muscle strength and CRF are positively associated with HRQoL, while flexibility showed contradictory results. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining adequate fitness levels in women with SLE.This work was supported by the Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (grant number: PI-0525-2016) and the Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Médicos de Granada (Premios de Investigación 2017). BG-C was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU15/00002)

Liraglutide Reduces Vascular Damage, Neuronal Loss, and Cognitive Impairment in a Mixed Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, and epidemiological studies support that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major contributor. The relationship between both diseases and the fact that Alzheimer's disease (AD) does not have a successful treatment support the study on antidiabetic drugs limiting or slowing down brain complications in AD. Among these, liraglutide (LRGT), a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, is currently being tested in patients with AD in the Evaluating Liraglutide in Alzheimer's Disease (ELAD) clinical trial. However, the effects of LRGT on brain pathology when AD and T2D coexist have not been assessed. We have administered LRGT (500 mu g/kg/day) to a mixed murine model of AD and T2D (APP/PS1xdb/db mice) for 20 weeks. We have evaluated metabolic parameters as well as the effects of LRGT on learning and memory. Postmortem analysis included assessment of brain amyloid-beta and tau pathologies, microglia activation, spontaneous bleeding and neuronal loss, as well as insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors. LRGT treatment reduced glucose levels in diabetic mice (db/db and APP/PS1xdb/db) after 4 weeks of treatment. LRGT also helped to maintain insulin levels after 8 weeks of treatment. While we did not detect any effects on cortical insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor m-RNA levels, LRGT significantly reduced brain atrophy in the db/db and APP/PS1xdb/db mice. LRGT treatment also rescued neuron density in the APP/PS1xdb/db mice in the proximity (p = 0.008) far from amyloid plaques (p < 0.001). LRGT reduced amyloid plaque burden in the APP/PS1 animals (p < 0.001), as well as A beta aggregates levels (p = 0.046), and tau hyperphosphorylation (p = 0.009) in the APP/PS1xdb/db mice. Spontaneous bleeding was also ameliorated in the APP/PS1xdb/db animals (p = 0.012), and microglia burden was reduced in the proximity of amyloid plaques in the APP/PS1 and APP/PS1xdb/db mice (p < 0.001), while microglia was reduced in areas far from amyloid plaques in the db/db and APP/PS1xdb/db mice (p < 0.001). This overall improvement helped to rescue cognitive impairment in AD-T2D mice in the new object discrimination test (p < 0.001) and Morris water maze (p < 0.001). Altogether, our data support the role of LRGT in reduction of associated brain complications when T2D and AD occur simultaneously, as regularly observed in the clinical arena.CH-B: predoctoral fellowship. University of Cadiz. PA-M: predoctoral fellowship. Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA). MG-A: Agencia Estatal de Investigacion. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion. Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Cientifico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I C D C i y del Programa Estatal de I + D + i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, del Plan Estatal de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica y de Innovacion 2017-2020 (PID2020115499RB-I0). Programa Estatal de I C D C I orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad (BFU 2016-75038-R), financed by the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades. Subvencion para la financiacion de la Investigacion y la Innovacion Biomedica y en Ciencias de la Salud en el Marco de la Iniciativa Territorial Integrada 2014-2020 para la Provincia de Cadiz. Consejeria de Salud. Junta de Andalucia. Union Europea, financed by the Fondo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (PI-0008-2017)

Impact of renal retransplantation on graft and recipient survival

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of retransplantation in graft and recipient survival. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study in 419 renal transplants and studied the influence of retransplantation in graft and patient survival. A homogeneity study was performed between the two groups with a Student`s T and a chi-square tests. Graft survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meyer and log rank tests. RESULTS: Of 419 transplants, 370 (88.3%) were first transplantations, 45 (10.7%) second transplantations and 4(1%) third ones. Mean follow-up of the whole group was 72.5 months (+/-54.1 SD). There were no differences in follow-up between groups (Mean Follow-up 73.1 months +/-54.4 SD in first transplantations vs. 61.6 months +/-51.2 SD in repeat transplantation. p >0.05). The actuarial graft survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5 year SV of 89% (95% CI: 87-91%) and 84%(95% CI: 82-86%) Vs 88% (95% CI; 83-93%) and 85% (95% CI:i; 80-90%) respectively]. After adjusting for all the heterogeneity variables we still did not find differences on graft survival. The actuarial recipient survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5 year SV of 98% and 96% Vs.97%]. CONCLUSIONS: There are no differences of graft and recipient survival between patients with a first transplantation and those with a repeat one