Evaluating the Effectiveness of Differentiated Branding Strategies for Sustainable Products Utilizing Recycled Plastics in Hungary

The paper provides valuable insights into the most effective branding strategies applicable to sustainable products, highlighting their key influences on brands, corporates, products and consumers. Furthermore, the research identifies the preferences and awareness levels of Hungarian consumers, revealing key factors and elements for making sustainable products more appealing in Hungary. The study is based on an extensive literature review that covers all relevant findings in this field, complemented by non-representative quantitative empirical research conducted through a standardized online survey in the focus country. The findings indicate that, among other factors, sourcing transparency, eco-labels, certifications, and influencer marketing can contribute positively to making this product category more appealing, while improving brand image and perception. The primary research reveals that sustainability is a significant factor influencing Hungarian consumers' product choices. These consumers are familiar with such items; specific features and the way they are branded are having a significant effect on shaping buyers´ purchasing decisions. The results of the study are expected to crucially support corporate efforts in effectively selecting and implementing branding strategies for sustainable products utilizing recycled plastics targeting the Hungarian market. Research Paper Keywords: Branding Strategies, Sustainability, Sustainable Branding, Recycled Plastics, Social Responsibility, Green Branding Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sarközi, D., & Szabo, Z. (2024). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Differentiated Branding Strategies for Sustainable Products Utilizing Recycled Plastics in Hungary. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 12(2), 109–135.        &nbsp

Nexus between Working Capital Efficiency and Firm Risk-Taking: Evidence from MENA Countries

This paper explores the interrelationship between the working capital management efficiency (WCME) and firm risk-taking (FRT) of 555 non-financial firms listed in the stock exchanges of key MENA countries, namely, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the U.A.E over the period 2016 to 2021. The study utilises net working capital as a measure of WCME, and capital expenditure ratio (CAPEX) as well as stock price movement (SPM) as proxies for FRT. The secondary annual quantitative data of 3,077 firm-year observations were collected from standards and poor’s global market intelligent database (SP, 2021). The study provides interesting perceptions. The coefficients of endogenous relationships between the WCME and the FRT measures are significant negative, indicating that MENA firms finance their investments in fixed capital through their working capital- a less costly internal source of financing- compared to external sources of financing. Further, MENA firms are a type of risk-averse firms by investing in low risk and return projects; and they adopt conservative working capital management and keep higher levels of their working capital. These insights assist corporate managers of firms in MENA countries in the adoption of efficient working capital practices to ensure liquidity and hinting at potential future growth prospects. Research Paper Keywords: Working Capital Management Efficiency, Firm Risk-taking, MENA Countries Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Alrahamneh, L.S.M., Chu, E.Y., & Hong, M. (2025). Nexus between Working Capital Efficiency and Firm Risk-Taking: Evidence from MENA Countries. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(1), 1–54. &nbsp

Valuing Desired Financial Behavior, Accounting Literacy as the Predictors of Financial Behavior of Street Vendors

The lack of formal education and low accounting literacy of street vendors in Bangladesh negatively affects their financial behavior. Thus, the fundamental objective of this study is to investigate the predictors (accounting literacy and valuing desired financial behavior) of the financial behavior of street vendors in the capital city of Bangladesh (Dhaka). Using a cross-sectional research design and convenience sampling technique, and after considering missing values, outliers, and multicollinearity, 385 respondents (street vendors) were our final sample size. The findings showed that accounting literacy positively impacts the financial behavior of street vendors. However, valuing desired financial behavior has no moderating effect on the relationship between accounting literacy and financial behavior.  This advocates that government and non-government financial institutions and professionals should focus on improving accounting literacy and the practical accounting abilities of the informal street vendors. Research Paper Keywords: Accounting literacy, financial behavior, financial wellbeing, informal economy, street vendors Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hossain, S., Yaacob, A.S., Yusof, W.F.W., & Rahman, M.M. (2025). Valuing Desired Financial Behavior, Accounting Literacy as the Predictors of Financial Behavior of Street Vendors. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(2), 54–83

Questionnaire Validity and Reliability: A Review with Practical Guidelines

When it comes to producing meaningful and trustworthy research, ensuring validity and reliability is absolutely essential, no matter which methodology is used. This article brings together practical advice on how to design and assess questionnaires effectively for both quantitative and qualitative studies. It highlights the value of relying on well-established scales with proven reliability, running pilot tests to perfect the instruments, and consulting subject-matter experts to make sure the questions truly reflect the concepts being measured. In quantitative research, it is especially important to check internal consistency and apply statistical techniques to test how well the scales perform, aiming for results that are both solid and broadly applicable. On the qualitative side, being transparent about the research process and staying reflective as a researcher are key to building trust and reducing bias. The article also encourages blending methods when appropriate, as this can provide richer data and help confirm findings through triangulation. Ultimately, a thoughtfully designed questionnaire, tested and validated properly, can significantly improve the strength, credibility, and overall value of research across various fields. Research Paper Keywords: Questionnaire Validity, Questionnaire Reliability, Quantitative Study, Qualitative Study Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hossan, D., Wolfs, B., Suraiya, N.E.J., & Petkovic, M. (2025). Questionnaire Validity and Reliability: A Review with Practical Guidelines. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(1), 135–186.      &nbsp

Research Analyst Forecasting Accuracy and Earnings Management: Evidence from Pakistan

This study aims to examine the impact of earnings management on research analysts' forecast accuracy in Pakistan. The current study collected a sample of 37 non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), containing 407 observations from 2012 to 2022. This study used panel corrected standard error (PCSE) model to get the robust results of the regression model. The results show a significant negative influence of earnings management on research analysts' forecast accuracy in the provided data of Pakistan. These results are in consistent with the existing literature on agency theory. This study is the first to research the research analysts' forecast accuracy in Pakistan. Besides, the first study investigates the influence of earnings management on the accuracy of the research analysts' forecasts. Research Paper Keywords: Research Analysts forecast accuracy, Agency theory, Earnings management, Developing market, Pakistan Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sajjad, W., Yet, C.E., Hong, M., & Asim, A. (2025). Research Analyst Forecasting Accuracy and Earnings Management: Evidence from Pakistan. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(1), 102–134

An Empirical Investigation of Nurse Retention through Integrating Quality of Nurses Work-Life, HRM Practices, Employee Happiness, and Electronic Health Record System among Jordanian Nurses

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the quality of nurse work retention and HRM practices on nurse retention in the mediation role of employee happiness while moderating the role of the electronic health record system. This study used two theories: sociotechnical systems and social exchange. The data were collected from 419 nurses of public and university hospitals in Jordan. The collected data was analysed through the structural equation modeling technique by using SmartPLS 3.0. The findings reveal that both QNWL and HRM practices positively impact nurse retention. Also, the mediation role of employee happiness between HRM practices and nurse retention is significant. However, the positive impact of performance appraisal on nurse retention is not supported. Also, the moderating role of EHRS on the relationship of QNWL and nurse retention is not supported. This study provides theoretical and practical insights regarding improving nurse retention and offers a comprehensive framework for healthcare institutions. Research Paper Keywords: Nurse retention, quality of nurse work life (QNWL), HRM practices, employee happiness, electronic health record system, Jordan Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Gharaibeh, M.B.A.R., Dato Mansor, Z.B., & Yusof, R.N.B.R. (2025). An Empirical Investigation of Nurse Retention through Integrating Quality of Nurses Work-Life, HRM Practices, Employee Happiness, and Electronic Health Record System among Jordanian Nurses. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(2), 1–53

Assessing the Role of Women Entrepreneurs in the Economic Development of Southeastern Nigeria

The role of entrepreneurship is important for the economic development of any nation, especially when practiced by women, as it provides employment opportunities for the citizens of the nation. Therefore, this study examines the contribution of women entrepreneurs in the economic development in Enugu and Anambra states, Nigeria. The study employed a non-experimental mixed method design which incorporates both quantitative and qualitative survey. Data were collected from women in various sectors through a structured questionnaire using a stratified random sampling techniques to ensure presentation. The findings from the study revealed most women entrepreneurs aged (26-45) demonstrate strong financial independence and business competency couple with high energy and assurance for monetary freedom, though with limited skills. The findings revealed that access to finance emerged as the strongest predictor (e^(β= 4.5), p< 0.001) of business success while government support positively influenced market access (e^(β= 2.3), p< 0.001). Manufacturing ((β = 12,850, p < 0.001) and retail (β = 9,340, p < 0.001) sectors significantly contributed to job creation and revenue generation. The study was limited to only two states in Nigeria which restrict the generalizability of the findings to other regions. However, strengthening financial access, technical training and government incentives can enhance women entrepreneurial success which can lead to economic growth. The study indicates that empowering women entrepreneurs can foster their financial independence, reduce unemployment and promotes inclusive economic development. Finally, this study provides empirical evidence on the transformative role of women entrepreneurs given key drivers and policy recommendation for business growth. Research Paper Keywords: Women Entrepreneur, Economic growth, Regional development, Southern Nigeria Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Jinjiang, Y., Juliana, N.O., & Amara, V. (2025). Assessing the Role of Women Entrepreneurs in the Economic Development of Southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(1), 187–235

Public Acceptance of Congestion Charging: Evaluating Feasibility as a Policy Response to Urban Traffic Congestion

oai:ojs.www.scientificia.com:article/235Traffic congestion represents a critical challenge in cities undergoing rapid urbanization. This study investigates the factors influencing public acceptability of congestion pricing in Penang, Malaysia, recognized as one of the most rapidly developing urban regions in the nation. Using purposive sampling, survey data were gathered from 397 respondents and analyzed with an ordered logit model to identify key determinants of acceptance. Variables examined include trust in government, awareness of congestion issues, perceived fairness, anticipated travel time savings, and socio-demographic characteristics. Contrary to findings from the majority of existing studies, trust in government, identified as the predominant factor, did not have a significant influence on the acceptability of congestion pricing in Penang, possibly due to the high trust levels of the populace in the current administration. The results reveal that most residents are inclined to accept a congestion charge, with the acceptable price range estimated at RM0.50 to RM0.60 per kilometer of travel. Notably, awareness, equitable pricing, travel time savings, and gender emerged as significant predictors of acceptance. These findings provide valuable insights for designing equitable and effective congestion pricing schemes and may guide policymakers in developing strategies that improve traffic flow, enhance public transport investment, and reduce the marginal social cost of congestion. This study contributes to the broader literature on sustainable urban mobility and pricing policies. Research Paper Keywords: Traffic Congestion; Congestion Charge; Trust; Fairness; Awareness; Marginal Cost Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Tan, E.H., Hong., M.& Saleem, F. (2025). Public Acceptance of Congestion Charging: Evaluating Feasibility as a Policy Response to Urban Traffic Congestion. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(2), 118–153

Consumer Willingness to Pay a Premium for Sustainable products utilizing recycled plastics in Hungary - Influence of Environmental Awareness and Branding Strategy

This study investigates Hungarian consumers’ willingness to pay a premium for sustainable products made from recycled plastics, with a focus on the role of environmental awareness and branding strategies. Following a literature review, premium pricing was examined in relation to consumer value perception and eco-consciousness. The primary research was based on a quantitative online survey conducted among Hungarian residents. Descriptive and inferential analyses were used to explore the connections between environmental attitudes, branding strategies, willingness to pay a premium, and demographic variables. The results show that factor price is remaining very important in Hungary, further on product durability and certifications related to CO2 neutrality significantly enhance consumers’ willingness to pay more. Well-educated, higher-income respondents from the capital city placed greater emphasis on green products and were more likely to accept higher prices than others. Contrary to expectations, influencer marketing and brand trust had a weaker impact. The findings offer practical recommendations for companies aiming to strengthen eco-branding and pricing strategies in Hungary’s sustainability market. Research Paper Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Willingness to Pay, Sustainable Products, Recycled Plastics, Branding Strategies Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sarközi, D., & Szabo, Z. (2025). Consumer Willingness to Pay a Premium for Sustainable products utilizing recycled plastics in Hungary - Influence of Environmental Awareness and Branding Strategy. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(2), 84–117

Cultural Differences of Needed Qualities towards Entrepreneurship

This paper explores the link between culture and tailored entrepreneurial education, addressing how cultural differences, influenced by Hofstede's dimensions, impact entrepreneurial behaviour. The study involves 772 students from higher education institutions in the Asian, Baltic, and Eastern European regions, utilizing factor analyses and statistical methods to identify entrepreneurial qualities from Likert-scale evaluations of 13 items. Findings reveal notable regional differences, highlighting traits like courage in Japan and China, and risk-taking in the USA. This research underscores the need for context-sensitive strategies in entrepreneurship education, advocating for tailored support to overcome cultural barriers. Ultimately, it enriches understanding of how culture shapes entrepreneurial behaviour and informs strategies for multinational corporations and education curricula. Research Paper Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intentions, Cultural Differences, Entrepreneurial Qualities Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Treacy, S., Brandt, T., Al-Kharusi, S., Bakhadirov, M., Ahmed, G., Militaru, A.M.G., Bakker, D., & Dubickis, M. (2024). Cultural Differences of Needed Qualities towards Entrepreneurship. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 12(2), 69–108