Relaxation time for the alignment between quark spin and angular velocity in a rotating QCD medium

We compute the relaxation times for massive quarks and anti-quarks to align their spins with the angular velocity in a rigidly rotating medium at finite temperature and baryon density. The rotation effects are implemented using a fermion propagator immersed in a cylindrical rotating environment. The relaxation time is computed as the inverse of the interaction rate to produce an asymmetry between the quark (anti-quark) spin components along and opposite to the angular velocity. For conditions resembling heavy-ion collisions, the relaxation times for quarks are smaller than for anti-quarks. For semi-central collisions the relaxation time is within the possible life-time of the QGP for all collision energies. However, for anti-quarks this happens only for collision energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\gtrsim 50$ GeV. The results are quantified in terms of the intrinsic quark and anti-quark polarizations, namely, the probability to build the spin asymmetry as a function of time. Our results show that these intrinsic polarizations tend to 1 with time at different rates given by the relaxation times with quarks reaching a sizable asymmetry at a faster pace. These are key results to further elucidate the mechanisms of hyperon polarization in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

Enhancing Biochemical Methane Potential and Enrichment of Specific Electroactive Communities from Nixtamalization Wastewater using Granular Activated Carbon as a Conductive Material

Nejayote (corn step liquor) production in Mexico is approximately 1.4 x 1010 m3 per year and anaerobic digestion is an effective process to transform this waste into green energy. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test is one of the most important tests for evaluating the biodegradability and methane production capacity of any organic waste. Previous research confirms that the addition of conductive materials significantly enhances the methane production yield. This study concludes that the addition of granular activated carbon (GAC) increases methane yield by 34% in the first instance. Furthermore, results show that methane production is increased by 54% when a GAC biofilm is developed 10 days before undertaking the BMP test. In addition, the electroactive population was 30% higher when attached to the GAC than in control reactors. Moreover, results show that electroactive communities attached to the GAC increased by 38% when a GAC biofilm is developed 10 days before undertaking the BMP test, additionally only in these reactors Geobacter was identified. GAC has two main effects in anaerobic digestion; it promotes direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) by developing an electro-active biofilm and simultaneously it reduces redox potential from -223 mV to -470 mV. These results suggest that the addition of GAC to biodigesters, improves the anaerobic digestion performance in industrial processed food waste

Determinantes psicosociales de la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2

Objective:To identify the psychosocial factors determiningthe treatment adherence in type 2diabetics (DM2). Materialsand methods: An observational, cross-sectional,and analyticalresearch was performedin 70patientsof the Health Center of Tacoaleche, based on the latestmonthly clinical record,glycemic,number of attendedappointments, and an instrument application that included variables socio-demographics,from the same disease,and psychosocial.Data were submitted to chi-square tests.Results. The 65.7percent were women with 57-yearsold, 54.3percent of them with incomplete elementary education, and 14.3percent illiterate. The 52.9percent was housewivesand the reminder women were devoted to other activities.The average of glucose was170.1mg/dl. All patients had drug treatment with nine years withDM2diagnosis.Only 10percent adhered to diet and physical exercise, 28.6percent attended to the medical appointments, and21.4percent had glycemic control. The most relevant psychosocial determinants (p>0.05) were:perception of available support, intentions to adhere, and disease severity.Conclusions.The lack of adherence to treatment to theDM2suggests implementing the search for new strategies to increase dietaryand exercisehabits. The attendance at scheduled medical appointments and glycemic control are also crucial factors for DM2control.Psychosocially, the health belief model and the theory of reasoned action helped to understand and explain adherence to the treatment.Key words:Psychosocialfactors, adherence to the treatment, type 2diabetes.Objetivo:Identificar los determinantes psicosociales de la adherencia al tratamiento en diabéticos tipo 2(DM2). Materialesy métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional, transversal y analíticaen 70pacientes del Centro de Salud de Tacoaleche, basada en su último registro clínico mensual, glicemia,número deasistencia a citasy laaplicación deun instrumentoque incluyó variables sociodemográficas, de la enfermedad y psicosociales. La información fue sometida a pruebas deji-cuadrada. Resultados.El 65.7por ciento fueron mujerescon 57añosde edad, el 54.3por ciento con primaria incompleta y 14.3analfabetas. El 52.9por ciento eran amasde casay el resto se dedicaba aotras actividades.La glucosa promedio fue de 170.1mg/dl. Todos los pacientes tenían tratamiento farmacológicodenueveaños con diagnóstico de DM2. Únicamente 10por ciento se adhirieron a dieta y ejercicio, 28.6por ciento cumplieron con las citasmédicas y 21.4tuvieron control glucémico. Los determinantes psicosociales más relevantes (p>0.05) fueron: percepción de apoyo disponible, intenciones de adherir y severidad de la enfermedad. Conclusiones.La falta de apego al tratamiento de laDM2sugiere implementar la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias para incrementar hábitos dietéticosy deejerciciofísico. Tambiénla asistencia a las citasmédicas programadasy el control glicémicoson determinantes cruciales. Psicosocialmente,el modelo de creencias en salud y la teoría de la acción razonada ayudaron a comprender y explicarlaadherenciaal tratamiento. Palabras clave: Factores psicosociales, adherencia al tratamiento, diabetes tipo 2

Reporte de caso: oclusión y necrosis intestinal por hernia del obturador

Antecedentes: La hernia del obturador es una causa infrecuente de hernias de la pared abdominal que comprende del 0.07 al 1% de todas las hernias y se presenta con mayor frecuencia en mujeres de edad avanzada y multíparas. Caso clínico: Femenino de 78 anos ˜ de edad, sin antecedentes médicos de importancia, que inicia 7 días previos a su ingreso con intolerancia a la vía oral, náuseas y vómito; se agrega ausencia de canalización de gases y evacuaciones, por lo que acude a urgencias. Se le realiza tomografía computada de abdomen simple y se observa distensión de asas de intestino delgado y niveles hidroaéreos proximales a una hernia del agujero obturador conformado por un asa de intestino delgado localizada entre el músculo pectíneo y el obturador externo; se realiza una laparotomía exploradora encontrando hernia del agujero obturador de intestino delgado a 130 cm del ángulo de Treitz, con necrosis de intestino delgado, sin perforación; se realizan resección intestinal de 10 cm de yeyuno, entero enteroanastomosis término terminal en 2 planos y cierre primario del defecto. Conclusión: La hernia del obturador no es una causa frecuente de oclusión intestinal; sin embargo, hay que tomarla en cuenta como una causa de la misma, sobre todo en pacientes de sexo femenino, edad avanzada y multíparas, para hacer un diagnóstico pertinente y evitar la isquemia intestinal. ABSTRAC Background: Obturator hernia is a rare variety of abdominal hernia, it accounts for 0.07%---1.0%of all hernias, and occurs most often in women of advanced age and multiparous. Clinical case: A 78-year-old female was admitted to the Emergency Department due to nausea, vomiting, complaints of abdominal discomfort and obstipation for the last 7 days. Abdominal CT scan showed dilated small bowel loops and multiple air-fluid levels near to a small bowel loop obturator hernia, between external obturator and pectineus muscle. Emergency laparotomy was performed and during the surgery, loop of small intestine was revealed herniated into the obturator foramen, 130 cm from the angle of Treitz. Necrosis of small intestine was found, without perforation. Resection of the 10 cm affected jejunal segment was performed and a side-to-side bowel anastomosis was fashioned. Also simple suture closure of obturator foramen was performed. Conclusion: Obturator hernia is relatively rare. However physicians should keep it in mind and have clinical suspicion for obturator hernia as a cause of intestinal obstruction in female, elderly and multiparous patients in order to make an appropriate diagnosis and avoid bowel ischaemia

Finishing lambs using an integral feed under a restricted-feeding program in an intensive production system in Northern Mexico

The objective of this study was to compare the productive performance of finishing lambs using an integral diet under a restricted-feeding program. Ten Dorper lambs were assigned to two homogenous groups according to live weight and age under a complete randomised block design. Group 1 was fed a traditional diet commonly used by the producer and group 2 was fed an integral feed restricted to 75% of dry matter requirement of lambs. The evaluated variables were: dry matter intake, initial and final live weight, daily weight gain, feed efficiency and body growth expressed in height, body length, thoracic diameter, cane length and cane width. A partial cost analysis was carried out to evaluate the economic viability. Lambs fed with the integral feed had better feed efficiency, higher dry matter intake, daily weight gain, height, body length and thoracic diameter when compared with the lambs fed the traditional diet. The use of an integral feed under a restricted-feeding program reduced the cost of finishing lambs by 2.46 dollars per head and finishing length by 120 days. Overall, providing an integral feed under a restricted-feeding program is a viable alternative for improving finishing lambs under intensive conditions in the Northern Mexico

Estadística, probabilidad y análisis de datos: grupos de trabajo en México

En este grupo proponemos la conformación de una red que promueva la interacción entre profesores, investigadores y promotores de la educación en probabilidad y estadística en México. En la reunión dentro de la EIME XV, el propósito sería conocer qué académicos y grupos de investigación o trabajo se centran en el estudio e investigación en didáctica de la estadística y la probabilidad. Los participantes expondrán cómo están constituidos como grupo, su denominación, sus integrantes, su registro ante instancias institucionales (si lo hay), así como las líneas, temáticas y proyectos de investigación vigentes o en proceso y con qué otros grupos en esta área se han vinculado. La idea central, a mediano plazo, es articular una red de trabajo que tenga como propósito coadyuvar a la integración de las diversas comunidades epistémicas en la detección y tratamiento consensuado de los problemas más representativos en estas disciplinas en México

Anafilaxia en niños y adultos: prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento

La anafilaxia es una condición que requiere asistencia inmediata para su resolución, se puede presentar en diferentes entornos: consultorio, hospital, escuela, hogar o en algún otro espacio público. La información aquí contenida forma parte de lineamientos conocidos sobre prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se abordan aspectos epidemiológicos, desencadenantes, factores de riesgo y cofactores; se explican de una manera didáctica los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que se traducen en fenotipos de presentación. Se enfatiza el diagnóstico clínico con base en criterios ya establecidos, se mencionan clasificaciones para evaluar la gravedad de la reacción, así como el rol de las pruebas clínicas o de laboratorio. Como aspectos de relevancia, se abordan el tratamiento de primera elección con adrenalina, instrucciones sobre autoinyectores y diferentes elementos para el tratamiento complementario y de segunda elección. También se refieren aspectos a considerar al dar de alta a un paciente y medidas de seguimiento, con un énfasis preventivo en la comunidad. Finalmente, se menciona el abordaje en el consultorio de alergia para decidir sobre opciones de inmunomodulación. ABSTRACT Anaphylaxis is a condition that requires immediate assistance for its resolution, it can occur in different settings: office, hospital, school, home or some other public space. The information contained herein forms part of known guidelines on prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Epidemiological aspects, triggers, risk factors and co-factors are addressed; physiopathological mechanisms that are translated into presentation phenotypes are explained in a didactic way. Clinical diagnosis is emphasized based on established criteria, classifications are mentioned to evaluate the severity of the reaction, as well as the role of clinical or laboratory tests. As relevant aspects, the first choice treatment with adrenaline, instructions on auto-injectors and different elements for the complementary and second choice treatment are dealt with. They also refer to aspects to consider when discharging a patient and followup measures, with a preventive emphasis on the community. Finally, the allergy clinic approach to deciding on immunomodulation options is mentione

Gamificación en Iberoamérica. Experiencias desde la comunicación y la educación

La presente obra capitular es el resultado de las investigaciones sobre las aplicaciones de la gamificación en contextos múltiples, emergentes provenientes de las comunicaciones presentadas en el Simposio 06 del III Congreso Internacional Comunicación y Pensamiento (Sevilla, España), así como de aquellas presentadas por los miembros del Gamelab UPS, del Proyecto I+D+i Coordinado “Competencias mediáticas de la ciudadanía en medios digitales emergentes (smartphones y tablets): Prácticas innovadoras y estrategias educomunicativas en contextos múltiples” (EDU2015-64015-C3-1-R) (MINECO/FEDER), de la “Red de Educación Mediática” del Programa Estatal de Investigación Científica-Técnica de Excelencia, Subprograma Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento (EDU2016-81772-REDT), financiados por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) y Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España. En este sentido se busca construir, desde una mirada dual desde Europa y América Latina el primer libro iberoamericano de gamificación, avalado por el Gamelab de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), el Proyecto I+D+i EDU2015-64015-C3-1-R, la Red Interuniversitaria Euroamericana de Investigación sobre Competencias Mediáticas para la Ciudadanía (Alfamed), el Laboratorio de Estudios en Comunicación (Ladecom) y el Grupo de Investigación Ágora (PAI-HUM-648) de la Universidad de Huelva (España) y el Grupo de Investigación Estructura, Historia y Contenidos de la Comunicación GREHCCO

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline

VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad

Acta de congresoLa conmemoración de los cien años de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918 se presentó como una ocasión propicia para debatir el rol de la historia, la teoría y la crítica en la formación y en la práctica profesional de diseñadores, arquitectos y urbanistas. En ese marco el VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad constituyó un espacio de intercambio y reflexión cuya realización ha sido posible gracias a la colaboración entre Facultades de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño de la Universidad Nacional y la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba, contando además con la activa participación de mayoría de las Facultades, Centros e Institutos de Historia de la Arquitectura del país y la región. Orientado en su convocatoria tanto a docentes como a estudiantes de Arquitectura y Diseño Industrial de todos los niveles de la FAUD-UNC promovió el debate de ideas a partir de experiencias concretas en instancias tales como mesas temáticas de carácter interdisciplinario, que adoptaron la modalidad de presentación de ponencias, entre otras actividades. En el ámbito de VIII Encuentro, desarrollado en la sede Ciudad Universitaria de Córdoba, se desplegaron numerosas posiciones sobre la enseñanza, la investigación y la formación en historia, teoría y crítica del diseño, la arquitectura y la ciudad; sumándose el aporte realizado a través de sus respectivas conferencias de Ana Clarisa Agüero, Bibiana Cicutti, Fernando Aliata y Alberto Petrina. El conjunto de ponencias que se publican en este Repositorio de la UNC son el resultado de dos intensas jornadas de exposiciones, cuyos contenidos han posibilitado actualizar viejos dilemas y promover nuevos debates. El evento recibió el apoyo de las autoridades de la FAUD-UNC, en especial de la Secretaría de Investigación y de la Biblioteca de nuestra casa, como así también de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UCC; va para todos ellos un especial agradecimiento