3,321 research outputs found
The Mass Distribution of the Strong Lensing Cluster SDSS J1531+3414
We present the mass distribution at the core of SDSS J1531+3414, a
strong-lensing cluster at z=0.335. We find that the mass distribution is well
described by two cluster-scale halos with a contribution from cluster-member
galaxies. New HST observations of SDSS J1531+3414 reveal a signature of ongoing
star formation associated with the two central galaxies at the core of the
cluster, in the form of a chain of star forming regions at the center of the
cluster. Using the lens model presented here, we place upper limits on the
contribution of a possible lensed image to the flux at the center region, and
rule out that this emission is coming from a background source.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; Submitted to Ap
Star Formation at z=2.481 in the Lensed Galaxy SDSS J1110+6459, I: Lens Modeling and Source Reconstruction
Using the combined resolving power of the Hubble Space Telescope and
gravitational lensing, we resolve star-forming structures in a z~2.5 galaxy on
scales much smaller than the usual kiloparsec diffraction limit of HST. SGAS
J111020.0+645950.8 is a clumpy, star forming galaxy lensed by the galaxy
cluster SDSS J1110+6459 at z = 0.659, with a total magnification ~30x across
the entire arc. We use a hybrid parametric/non-parametric strong lensing mass
model to compute the deflection and magnification of this giant arc,
reconstruct the light distribution of the lensed galaxy in the source plane,
and resolve the star formation into two dozen clumps. We develop a
forward-modeling technique to model each clump in the source plane. We ray
trace the model to the image plane, convolve with the instrumental point spread
function (PSF), and compare with the GALFIT model of the clumps in the image
plane, which decomposes clump structure from more extended emission. This
technique has the advantage, over ray tracing, by accounting for the asymmetric
lensing shear of the galaxy in the image plane and the instrument PSF. At this
resolution, we can begin to study star formation on a clump-by-clump basis,
toward the goal of understanding feedback mechanisms and the buildup of
exponential disks at high redshift.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted to Ap
Lens Model and Time Delay Predictions for the Sextuply Lensed Quasar SDSS J2222+2745
SDSS J2222+2745 is a galaxy cluster at z=0.49, strongly lensing a quasar at
z=2.805 into six widely separated images. In recent HST imaging of the field,
we identify additional multiply lensed galaxies, and confirm the sixth quasar
image that was identified by Dahle et al. (2013). We used the Gemini North
telescope to measure a spectroscopic redshift of z=4.56 of one of the secondary
lensed galaxies. These data are used to refine the lens model of SDSS
J2222+2745, compute the time delay and magnifications of the lensed quasar
images, and reconstruct the source image of the quasar host and a second lensed
galaxy at z=2.3. This second galaxy also appears in absorption in our Gemini
spectra of the lensed quasar, at a projected distance of 34 kpc. Our model is
in agreement with the recent time delay measurements of Dahle et al. (2015),
who found tAB=47.7+/-6.0 days and tAC=-722+/-24 days. We use the observed time
delays to further constrain the model, and find that the model-predicted time
delays of the three faint images of the quasar are tAD=502+/-68 days,
tAE=611+/-75 days, and tAF=415+/-72 days. We have initiated a follow-up
campaign to measure these time delays with Gemini North. Finally, we present
initial results from an X-ray monitoring program with Swift, indicating the
presence of hard X-ray emission from the lensed quasar, as well as extended
X-ray emission from the cluster itself, which is consistent with the lensing
mass measurement and the cluster velocity dispersion.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures; submitted to Ap
Spatially Resolved Patchy Lyman- Emission Within the Central Kiloparsec of a Strongly Lensed Quasar Host Galaxy at z = 2.8
We report the detection of extended Lyman- emission from the host
galaxy of SDSS~J2222+2745, a strongly lensed quasar at . Spectroscopic
follow-up clearly reveals extended Lyman- in emission between two
images of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). We reconstruct the lensed
quasar host galaxy in the source plane by applying a strong lens model to HST
imaging, and resolve spatial scales as small as 200 parsecs. In the
source plane we recover the host galaxy morphology to within a few hundred
parsecs of the central AGN, and map the extended Lyman- emission to its
physical origin on one side of the host galaxy at radii 0.5-2 kpc from
the central AGN. There are clear morphological differences between the
Lyman- and rest-frame ultraviolet stellar continuum emission from the
quasar host galaxy. Furthermore, the relative velocity profiles of quasar
Lyman-, host galaxy Lyman-, and metal lines in outflowing gas
reveal differences in the absorbing material affecting the AGN and host galaxy.
These data indicate the presence of patchy local intervening gas in front of
the central quasar and its host galaxy. This interpretation is consistent with
the central luminous quasar being obscured across a substantial fraction of its
surrounding solid angle, resulting in strong anisotropy in the exposure of the
host galaxy to ionizing radiation from the AGN. This work demonstrates the
power of strong lensing-assisted studies to probe spatial scales that are
currently inaccessible by other means.Comment: Accepted to ApJ Letters; 7 pages, 5 figure
Strong Lens Models for 37 Clusters of Galaxies from the SDSS Giant Arcs Survey
We present strong gravitational lensing models for 37 galaxy clusters from
the SDSS Giant Arcs Survey. We combine data from multi-band Hubble Space
Telescope WFC3imaging, with ground-based imaging and spectroscopy from
Magellan, Gemini, APO, and MMT, in order to detect and spectroscopically
confirm new multiply-lensed background sources behind the clusters. We report
spectroscopic or photometric redshifts of sources in these fields, including
cluster galaxies and background sources. Based on all available lensing
evidence, we construct and present strong lensing mass models for these galaxy
clusters.Comment: 53 pages; submitted to ApJ
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Lifetime cardiovascular management of patients with previous Kawasaki disease.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory disorder of young children, associated with vasculitis of the coronary arteries with subsequent aneurysm formation in up to one-third of untreated patients. Those who develop aneurysms are at life-long risk of coronary thrombosis or the development of stenotic lesions, which may lead to myocardial ischaemia, infarction or death. The incidence of KD is increasing worldwide, and in more economically developed countries, KD is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children. However, many clinicians in the UK are unaware of the disorder and its long-term cardiac complications, potentially leading to late diagnosis, delayed treatment and poorer outcomes. Increasing numbers of patients who suffered KD in childhood are transitioning to the care of adult services where there is significantly less awareness and experience of the condition than in paediatric services. The aim of this document is to provide guidance on the long-term management of patients who have vascular complications of KD and guidance on the emergency management of acute coronary complications. Guidance on the management of acute KD is published elsewhere
Accessing elite nurses for research: reflections on the theoretical and practical issues of telephone interviewing
Elite groups are interesting as they frequently are powerful (in terms of position, knowledge and influence) and enjoy considerable authority. It is important, therefore, to involve them in research concerned with understanding social contexts and processes. This is particularly pertinent in healthcare, where considerable strategic development and change are features of everyday practice that may be guided or perceived as being guided, by elites.
This paper evolved from a study investigating the availability and role of nurses whose remit involved leading nursing research and development within acute NHS Trusts in two health regions in Southern England. The study design included telephone interviews with Directors of Nursing Services during which time the researchers engaged in a reflective analysis of their experiences of conducting research with an `elite' group. Important issues identified were the role of gatekeepers, engagement with elites and the use of the telephone interview method in this context. The paper examines these issues and makes a case for involving executive nurses in further research. The paper also offers strategies to help researchers design and implement telephone interview studies successfully to maximise access to the views and experiences of `hard to reach groups', such as elites, while minimising the associated disruption
The effects of graded motor imagery and its components on chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
This is the post-print version of the final paper published in The Journal of Pain. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2013 The American Pain Society.Graded motor imagery (GMI) is becoming increasingly used in the treatment of chronic pain conditions. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize all evidence concerning the effects of GMI and its constituent components on chronic pain. Systematic searches were conducted in 10 electronic databases. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GMI, left/right judgment training, motor imagery, and mirror therapy used as a treatment for chronic pain were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Six RCTs met our inclusion criteria, and the methodological quality was generally low. No effect was seen for left/right judgment training, and conflicting results were found for motor imagery used as stand-alone techniques, but positive effects were observed for both mirror therapy and GMI. A meta-analysis of GMI versus usual physiotherapy care favored GMI in reducing pain (2 studies, n = 63; effect size, 1.06 [95% confidence interval, .41, 1.71]; heterogeneity, I2 = 15%). Our results suggest that GMI and mirror therapy alone may be effective, although this conclusion is based on limited evidence. Further rigorous studies are needed to investigate the effects of GMI and its components on a wider chronic pain population.NHMR
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