2,179 research outputs found
A Study on the Analytical Sensitivity of 6 BSE Tests Used by the Canadian BSE Reference Laboratory
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) surveillance programs
have been employed in numerous countries to monitor BSE prevalence and to
protect animal and human health. Since 1999, the European Commission (EC)
authorized the evaluation and approval of 20 molecular based tests for the rapid
detection of the pathological prion protein (PrPsc) in BSE infection.
The diagnostic sensitivity, convenience, and speed of these tests have made
molecular diagnostics the preferred method for BSE surveillance. The aim of this
study was to determine the analytical sensitivity of 4 commercially available
BSE rapid-test kits, including the PrionicsÂŽ-Check WESTERN,
the PrionicsÂŽ Check-PrioSTRIPâ˘, the
BioRadŽ TeSeE⢠ELISA, and the IDEXXŽ
HerdChek⢠EIA. Performances of these tests were then compared
to 2 confirmatory tests, including the BioRadÂŽ TeSeEâ˘
Western Blot and the modified Scrapie Associated
Fibrils (SAF)/OIE Immunoblot. One
50% w/v homogenate was made from experimentally generated C-type BSE
brain tissues in ddH2O. Homogenates were diluted through a background
of BSE-negative brainstem homogenate. Masses of both positive and negative
tissues in each dilution were calculated to maintain the appropriate tissue
amounts for each test platform. Specific concentrated homogenization buffer was
added accordingly to maintain the correct buffer condition for each test.
ELISA-based tests were evaluated using their respective software/detection
platforms. Blot-protocols were evaluated by manual measurements of blot signal
density. Detection limitations were determined by fitted curves intersecting the
manufacturers' positive/negative criteria. The confirmatory SAF Immunoblot
displayed the highest analytical sensitivity, followed by the IDEXXÂŽ
HerdChek⢠EIA, Bio-RadŽ
TeSeE⢠Western Blot, the Bio-RadŽ
TeSeE⢠ELISA, PrionicsŽ-Check
PrioSTRIPâ˘, and PrionicsÂŽ-Check
WESTERNâ˘, respectively. Although the tests performed at different
levels of sensitivity, the most sensitive and least sensitive of the rapid tests
were separated by 2 logs in analytical sensitivity, meeting European performance
requirements. All rapid tests appear suitable for targeted BSE surveillance
programs, as implemented in Canada
The NASA-UC Eta-Earth Program: II. A Planet Orbiting HD 156668 with a Minimum Mass of Four Earth Masses
We report the discovery of HD 156668b, an extrasolar planet with a minimum
mass of M_P sin i = 4.15 M_Earth. This planet was discovered through Keplerian
modeling of precise radial velocities from Keck-HIRES and is the second
super-Earth to emerge from the NASA-UC Eta-Earth Survey. The best-fit orbit is
consistent with circular and has a period of P = 4.6455 d. The Doppler
semi-amplitude of this planet, K = 1.89 m/s, is among the lowest ever detected,
on par with the detection of GJ 581e using HARPS. A longer period (P ~ 2.3 yr),
low-amplitude signal of unknown origin was also detected in the radial
velocities and was filtered out of the data while fitting the short-period
planet. Additional data are required to determine if the long-period signal is
due to a second planet, stellar activity, or another source. Photometric
observations using the Automated Photometric Telescopes at Fairborn Observatory
show that HD 156668 (an old, quiet K3 dwarf) is photometrically constant over
the radial velocity period to 0.1 mmag, supporting the existence of the planet.
No transits were detected down to a photometric limit of ~3 mmag, ruling out
transiting planets dominated by extremely bloated atmospheres, but not
precluding a transiting solid/liquid planet with a modest atmosphere.Comment: This planet was announced at the 2010 AAS meeting in Wash. DC; 12
pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Ap
The NASA-UC Eta-Earth Program: III. A Super-Earth orbiting HD 97658 and a Neptune-mass planet orbiting Gl 785
We report the discovery of planets orbiting two bright, nearby early K dwarf
stars, HD 97658 and Gl 785. These planets were detected by Keplerian modelling
of radial velocities measured with Keck-HIRES for the NASA-UC Eta-Earth Survey.
HD 97658 b is a close-in super-Earth with minimum mass Msini = 8.2 +/- 1.2
M_Earth, orbital period P = 9.494 +/- 0.005 d, and an orbit that is consistent
with circular. Gl 785 b is a Neptune-mass planet with Msini = 21.6 +/- 2.0
M_Earth, P = 74.39 +/- 0.12 d, and orbital eccentricity 0.30 +/- 0.09.
Photometric observations with the T12 0.8 m automatic photometric telescope at
Fairborn Observatory show that HD 97658 is photometrically constant at the
radial velocity period to 0.09 mmag, supporting the existence of the planet.Comment: Submitted to ApJ, 7 pages, 6 figures, 5 table
Orbital Orientations of Exoplanets: HAT-P-4b is Prograde and HAT-P-14b is Retrograde
We present observations of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for two
exoplanetary systems, revealing the orientations of their orbits relative to
the rotation axes of their parent stars. HAT-P-4b is prograde, with a
sky-projected spin-orbit angle of lambda = -4.9 +/- 11.9 degrees. In contrast,
HAT-P-14b is retrograde, with lambda = 189.1 +/- 5.1 degrees. These results
conform with a previously noted pattern among the stellar hosts of close-in
giant planets: hotter stars have a wide range of obliquities and cooler stars
have low obliquities. This, in turn, suggests that three-body dynamics and
tidal dissipation are responsible for the short-period orbits of many
exoplanets. In addition, our data revealed a third body in the HAT-P-4 system,
which could be a second planet or a companion star.Comment: AJ, in press [8 pages
The Vehicle, Spring 1983
Vol. 24, No. 2
Table of Contents
A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H....Beth Kennypage 1
Contemporary IssuesBrook Wilsonpage 1
BlackJohn Stockmanpage 2
BeatGraham Lewispage 2
Catholic DazeSuzanne Hornpage 4
AfricaGraham Lewispage 5
The Friendly SkiesRajendra Sinhanpage 5
BreadKen Kempckepage 7
PhotographLinda Fraembspage 8
SnapshotMaggie Kennedypage 9
PoemAnne Smithpage 9
Activities on IceKerri Mahatpage 11
Beecham\u27s Orchard And VineyardBecky Lawsonpage 11
PoemKarri Mahatpage 12
Sneak PreviewsMaggie Kennedypage 12
ZooKen Kempckepage 12
PhotographNick Haskettpage 13
The Slave HouseCraig Barnespage 13
The Nomad Preacher\u27s SermonStacey Flanniganpage 16
Owl Creek RevisitedScott Graypage 16
Thought On CopperGraham Lewispage 20
OutfielderKen Kempckepage 20
HoneymoonJohn Stockmanpage 21
Candy Wrapper Dream GirlStacey Flanniganpage 21
PhotographLinda Fraembspage 22
October DreamMarlene Weekspage 23
IndistinctionStacey Flanniganpage 24
Taking InventorySara Farrispage 24
Flying In From K-Mart, NebraskaMichelle Mitchellpage 25
PhotographNick Haskettpage 26
Bone ChinaMichelle Mitchellpage 27
She Was A DollNick Haskettpage 30
The Seventh DayGeoffrey Andrespage 31
Blade Of Grass (On A Golf Course)Ken Kempckepage 31
PoemKen Kempckepage 32
Cigarette SmokeJean M. Davispage 33
Future LoveR. Lawsonpage 34
PhotographNick Haskettpage 35
Dancing In The StreetBetsy Acklinpage 35
PhotographLinda Fraembspage 38
CleoMarlene Weekspage 39
Teddy BearKen Kempckepage 39
PreludeBecky Lawsonpage 40https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1043/thumbnail.jp
M2K: II. A Triple-Planet System Orbiting HIP 57274
Doppler observations from Keck Observatory have revealed a triple planet
system orbiting the nearby mid-type K dwarf, HIP 57274. The inner planet, HIP
57274b, is a super-Earth with \msini\ = 11.6 \mearth (0.036 \mjup), an orbital
period of 8.135 0.004 d, and slightly eccentric orbit .
We calculate a transit probability of 6.5% for the inner planet. The second
planet has \msini\ = 0.4 \mjup\ with an orbital period of 32.0 d in
a nearly circular orbit, and . The third planet has \msini\
= 0.53 \mjup\ with an orbital period of 432 d (1.18 years) and an
eccentricity . This discovery adds to the number of super
Earth mass planets with \msini < 12 \mearth\ that have been detected with
Doppler surveys. We find that 56 % super-Earths are members of
multi-planet systems. This is certainly a lower limit because of observational
detectability limits, yet significantly higher than the fraction of Jupiter
mass exoplanets, %, that are members of Doppler-detected,
multi-planet systems.Comment: 11 figures, submitte to ApJ on Sept 10, 201
Res Medica, Autumn 1959, Volume 2, Number 1
TABLE OF CONTENTSSYLLABUS FOR THE 223RD SESSIONHYPOTENSIVE DRUGS: G. E. Mawer, B.ScAN OCULIST LOOKS ATENDOCRINE EXOPHTHALMOS: C. R. S. Jackson.M.A., M.D., D.O.M .S., F.R.C.S.E.RES MEDICA THE TREATMENT OF CANCER: John McKendrick,M.B., Ch.B.DOCTORS AND ARTISTS: Professor W. I. C.Morris, F.R.C.S.E.SOME ASPECTS OFRHEUMATIC FEVER: David J. ClarkABDOMINAL PAIN: Geoffrey T. Millar,M.B., Ch.B.TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO: James A. Gray, M.B..Ch.B
The PTF Orion Project: a Possible Planet Transiting a T-Tauri Star
We report observations of a possible young transiting planet orbiting a
previously known weak-lined T-Tauri star in the 7-10 Myr old Orion-OB1a/25-Ori
region. The candidate was found as part of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF)
Orion project. It has a photometric transit period of 0.448413 +- 0.000040
days, and appears in both 2009 and 2010 PTF data. Follow-up low-precision
radial velocity (RV) observations and adaptive optics imaging suggest that the
star is not an eclipsing binary, and that it is unlikely that a background
source is blended with the target and mimicking the observed transit. RV
observations with the Hobby-Eberly and Keck telescopes yield an RV that has the
same period as the photometric event, but is offset in phase from the transit
center by approximately -0.22 periods. The amplitude (half range) of the RV
variations is 2.4 km/s and is comparable with the expected RV amplitude that
stellar spots could induce. The RV curve is likely dominated by stellar spot
modulation and provides an upper limit to the projected companion mass of M_p
sin i_orb < 4.8 +- 1.2 M_Jup; when combined with the orbital inclination, i
orb, of the candidate planet from modeling of the transit light curve, we find
an upper limit on the mass of the planetary candidate of M_p < 5.5 +- 1.4
M_Jup. This limit implies that the planet is orbiting close to, if not inside,
its Roche limiting orbital radius, so that it may be undergoing active mass
loss and evaporation.Comment: Corrected typos, minor clarifications; minor updates/corrections to
affiliations and bibliography. 35 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to
Ap
Ernst Freund as Precursor of the Rational Study of Corporate Law
Gindis, David, Ernst Freund as Precursor of the Rational Study of Corporate Law (October 27, 2017). Journal of Institutional Economics, Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2905547, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2905547The rise of large business corporations in the late 19th century compelled many American observers to admit that the nature of the corporation had yet to be understood. Published in this context, Ernst Freund's little-known The Legal Nature of Corporations (1897) was an original attempt to come to terms with a new legal and economic reality. But it can also be described, to paraphrase Oliver Wendell Holmes, as the earliest example of the rational study of corporate law. The paper shows that Freund had the intuitions of an institutional economist, and engaged in what today would be called comparative institutional analysis. Remarkably, his argument that the corporate form secures property against insider defection and against outsiders anticipated recent work on entity shielding and capital lock-in, and can be read as an early contribution to what today would be called the theory of the firm.Peer reviewe
Tolerogenic immunosuppression for organ transplantation
Background: Insight into the mechanisms of organ engraftment and acquired tolerance has made it possible to facilitate these mechanisms, by tailoring the timing and dosage of immunosuppression in accordance with two therapeutic principles: recipient pretreatment, and minimum use of post-transplant immunosuppression. We aimed to apply these principles in recipients of renal and extrarenal organ transplants. Methods: 82 patients awaiting kidney, liver, pancreas, or intestinal transplantation were pretreated with about 5 mg/kg of a broadly reacting rabbit antithymocyte globulin during several hours. Post-transplant immunosuppression was restricted to tacrolimus unless additional drugs were needed to treat breakthrough rejection. After 4 months, patients on tacrolimus monotherapy were considered for dose-spacing to every other day or longer intervals. Findings: We frequently saw evidence of immune activation in graft biopsy samples, but unless this was associated with graft dysfunction or serious immune destruction, treatment usually was not intensified. Immunosuppression-related morbidity was virtually eliminated. 78 (95%) of 82 patients survived at 1 year and at 13-18 months. Graft survival was 73 (89%) of 82 at 1 year and 72 (88%) of 82 at 13-18 months. Of the 72 recipients with surviving grafts, 43 are on spaced doses of tacrolimus monotherapy: every other day (n=6), three times per week (11), twice per week (15), or once per week (11). Interpretation: The striking ability to wean immunosuppression in these recipients indicates variable induction of tolerance. The simple therapeutic principles are neither drug-specific nor organ-specific. Systematic application of these principles should allow improvements in quality of life and long-term survival after organ transplantation
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