3,322 research outputs found
The Influence of Single, Two, and Three Stage Bleaching on the Opacity of Deinked Stock
Bleaching may be defined as the alteration of coloring matter in such fashion as to cause it to reflect more true white, or the solubilizing of such coloring matter to make it possible to wash out the color substance, or both. (2) The most common method of bleaching is the oxidation of the coloring substance although reduction with ZnS2O is sometimes used with ground-wood. This discussion will be limited to bleaching by means of oxidizing agents namely: chlorine and calcium hypochlorite
Estimating productivity of water at different spatial scales using simulation modeling
Water resources / Productivity / Simulation models / Water scarcity / Water supply / Water balance / Performance indexes / Indicators / River basins / Cropping systems / Crop yield / Cotton / Hydrology / Economic analysis
Comparing estimates of actual evapotranspiration from satellites, hydrological models, and field data: a case study from Western Turkey
Evapotranspiration / Estimation / Remote sensing / Satellite surveys / Field tests / Measurement / Productivity / Crops / Water requirements / Water balance / Irrigation management / River basins / Hydrology / Models / Turkey / Gediz River
Integrated basin modeling
Simulation models / Irrigation management / Water balance / Groundwater / River basins / Hydrology / Flow / Evapotranspiration / Precipitation / Soils / Turkey / Gediz Basin
Valuing life detection missions
Recent discoveries imply that Early Mars was habitable for
life-as-we-know-it; that Enceladus might be habitable; and that many stars have
Earth-sized exoplanets whose insolation favors surface liquid water. These
exciting discoveries make it more likely that spacecraft now under construction
- Mars 2020, ExoMars rover, JWST, Europa Clipper - will find habitable, or
formerly habitable, environments. Did these environments see life? Given finite
resources (\$10bn/decade for the US ), how could we best test the hypothesis of
a second origin of life? Here, we first state the case for and against flying
life detection missions soon. Next, we assume that life detection missions will
happen soon, and propose a framework for comparing the value of different life
detection missions:
Scientific value = (Reach x grasp x certainty x payoff) / \$
After discussing each term in this framework, we conclude that scientific
value is maximized if life detection missions are flown as hypothesis tests.
With hypothesis testing, even a nondetection is scientifically valuable.Comment: Accepted by "Astrobiology.
Using datasets from the Internet for hydrological modeling: an example from the Kntnk Menderes Basin, Turkey
River basin development / Water resources / Data collection / Models / Hydrology / Land classification / Water management / Water scarcity / Water allocation / Stream flow / Water demand / Turkey / Kntnk Menderes Basin
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