Presencia del virus del papiloma humano en lesiones de la cavidad oral

La infección oral por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) presenta una relación directa de causalidad con el carcinoma escamoso de la cavidad oral y orofaringe. No obstante, esta relación no es excluyente y es menos estricta que la relación hallada entre la infección genital por este virus y el carcinoma de cérvix en las mujeres. El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar la relación del virus con la progresión neoplásica de algunas lesiones en la cavidad oral a través del estudio de los mecanismos reguladores tumorales que se ponen en marcha a raíz de la infección. Para ello hemos llevado a cabo el estudio histológico e inmunohistoquímico de 50 muestras analizando la proteína de adhesión celular e-cadherina, el índice de proliferación Ki67, las proteínas supresoras de tumores p16 y p21 y el gen supresor tumoral p53. Los resultados obtenidos apoyan los estudios previos, el VPH tiene poder mitogénico y su presencia pone en marcha los mecanismos celulares controladores de la proliferación celular con el objeto de detener la progresión de la lesión a cáncer. A pesar de ello, consideramos la necesidad de profundizar en la investigación con el objeto de valorar los beneficios que podría aportar el cribado y vacunación contra los serotipos de VPH con tendencia oral.<br /

Prevalence of Sjogren's syndrome in the general adult population in Spain: estimating the proportion of undiagnosed cases

To estimate the prevalence of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in the adult Spanish population we performed a population-based multicenter cross-sectional study. Cases were defined by the American-European Consensus Group criteria proposed in 2002. A total of 4,916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. The estimated prevalence of SS (including primary and secondary forms) in the adult population in Spain was 0.33% (95% CI 0.21-0.53). Extrapolating to the total population of the country aged >= 20 years (around 37.7 million persons), there would be around 125,000 cases of SS in Spain. Considering only primary SS, the estimated prevalence was 0.25% (95% CI 0.15-0.43) or 1 person in 400. The prevalence of primary SS in Spain is comparable to that reported in other European studies with a similar design and diagnostic criteria. Based on these results, primary SS could not be considered a rare (orphan) disease. Only 50% of cases had already been diagnosed with SS prior EPISER 2016 study, confirming the existence of a non-negligible proportion of undiagnosed cases in the general population

La evolución del concepto de estrategia de marketing internacional y su aplicación al caso español de moda hogar

[ES] La estrategia de marketing internacional es una de las variables más importantes entre los factores que determinan el resultado de una empresa exportadora. Este trabajo pretende profundizar en el tema mediante el análisis del concepto teórico de marketing y su evolución a lo largo de las últimas décadas, resultando en un cambio de tendencia que avanza desde un tipo de marketing centrado en el producto a otro centrado en los servicios. De esta forma, se van a considerar aspectos como el marketing relacional, la responsabilidad social corporativa o la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías al proceso operativo, que serán analizados desde un trasfondo teórico basado en el punto de vista de los recursos de la empresa (RBV) y la teoría de las capacidades dinámicas. Por otra parte, el análisis cuantitativo de las políticas de marketing estratégico y operativo en el sector de la moda hogar en España mostrará, gracias a los testimonios de los propios directivos, la forma en la que las empresas llevan a cabo sus estrategias de marketing internacional, identificando los puntos fuertes y débiles para contribuir a la mejora de la competitividad empresarial del sector.[EN] The export marketing strategy is one of the most important variables among the determinants of the export performance in international companies. This paper pretends to focus on this subject through the analysis of the theoretical concept of marketing and its evolution throughout the last decades, resulting in a change of tendency, which moves from a product based kind of marketing to another based on services. In this context, aspects like relational marketing, corporate social responsibility or the incorporation of new technologies to the operational process will be considered and analyzed from a consistent theoretical background based on the Resource Based View (RBV) and the theory of dynamic capabilities. Additionally, the quantitative analysis of the strategic and operational marketing policies in the home decoration industry in Spain will show, thanks to the testimony of the managers themselves, the way companies carry out their international marketing strategies, giving us the opportunity to identify their strengths and weaknesses in order to contribute to the improvement of the competitive advantage in the industry.González-Ferriz, F.; Sánchez-García, J.; Garrigós Simón, FJ. (2020). The evolution of the export marketing strategy concept and its application to the home decoration sector in Spain. Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda Época. (2):153-174. https://doi.org/10.17561/ree.v2020n2.9S153174

An Active Isodicentric X Chromosome in a Case of Refractory Anaemia with Ring Sideroblasts Associated with Marked Thrombocytosis

Refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts and marked thrombocytosis (RARS-T) is a provisional entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. It displays features characteristic of both myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasia plus ring sideroblasts ≥15% and marked thrombocytosis. Most patients with RARS-T show a normal karyotype. We report a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with RARS-T (76% of ring sideroblasts) with JAK2 (V617F) mutation and a load of 30-40%. Classical and molecular cytogenetic (FISH) studies of a bone marrow sample revealed the presence of isodicentric X chromosome [(idic(X)(q13)]. Moreover, HUMARA assay showed the idic(X)(q13) as the active X chromosome. This finding was correlated with the cytochemical finding of ring sideroblasts. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an active isodicentric X in a woman with RARS-T

Perfil de ingresos y urgencias pediátricas en período epidémico de rotavirus en Valladolid. Utilidad de un modelo predictivo

Producción CientíficaEste estudio pretende determinar las semanas de alta circulación de rotavirus en valladolid, y comparar las características de los ingresos y urgencias en período epidémico con respecto al período no epidémico. Se utilizaron las declaraciones al sistema de información microbiológica, el conjunto mínimo básico de datos y el registro de urgencias. Se calcularon los casos esperados para 2006 a partir de un modelo elaborado previamente. Si los casos observados superaban el umbral superior del 95% de los esperados, la semana se consideró epidémica. Se compararon las características de los ingresos y urgencias en ambos períodos. En 2006 se diagnosticaron un 42% menos de los casos esperados. La media de ingresos diarios fue superior en período epidémico (diferencia=1,49; p=0,01), y también fue mayor la duración media del ingreso. La actividad del servicio de pediatría se incrementó en período epidémico, por lo que es oportuna la implantación de actividades de vigilancia, programas de prevención y control frente a rotavirus en el ámbito hospitalario

A female burial with grave goods at the Roman villa of Almenara de Adaja (Valladolid)

ABSTRACT: Recent works in an area placed North from the pars urbana of the late imperial roman villa at Almenara de Adaja (Valladolid, Spain) have uncovered a female burial with grave goods. These finds suggest the likely situation of a necropolis corresponding to the villa lifetime period. We study the artifacts found in the burial. Results of an analysis on the content of a ceramic vessel found there are also given. This finding complements the available data on the distribution and organization of contemporary habitat and adds up to the known information on cemeteries dating from this time period in the Spanish north inner plateau.RESUMEN: Recientes excavaciones efectuadas en un sector de este yacimiento, al norte del edificio de la pars urbana bajoimperial, nos han permitido documentar un enterramiento femenino con ajuar que pone de manifiesto la probable ubicación de la necrópolis coetánea de la villa. Se estudian los integrantes del ajuar y se añaden los resultados del análisis del contenido de un recipiente cerámico del mismo. El hallazgo complementa los datos disponibles sobre la distribución y organización de los diferentes elementos que conforman el hábitat de la época y viene a sumarse a los conocidos sobre las necrópolis de este periodo en la Meseta

Selective Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Production in Adult Dopaminergic Carotid Body Cells In Situ and after Intrastriatal Transplantation

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts a notable protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in rodent and primate models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The clinical applicability of this therapy is, however, hampered by the need of a durable and stable GDNF source allowing the safe and continuous delivery of the trophic factor into the brain parenchyma. Intrastriatal carotid body (CB) autografting is a neuroprotective therapy potentially useful in PD. It induces long-term recovery of parkinsonian animals through a trophic effect on nigrostriatal neurons and causes amelioration of symptoms insomePDpatients. Moreover, the adult rodentCBhas been shown to express GDNF. Here we show, using heterozygous GDNF/lacZ knock-out mice, that unexpectedly CB dopaminergic glomus, or type I, cells are the source of CB GDNF. Among the neural or paraneural cells tested, glomus cells are those that synthesize and release the highest amount ofGDNFin the adult rodent (as measured by standard and in situ ELISA). Furthermore,GDNFexpression by glomus cells is maintained after intrastriatal grafting and in CB of aged and parkinsonian 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated animals. Thus, glomus cells appear to be prototypical abundant sources of GDNF, ideally suited to be used as biological pumps for the endogenous delivery of trophic factors in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells show reduced scavenger function and downregulation of Fc gamma receptor IIB, yet maintain a preserved fenestration the Glmp gt/gt mouse model of slowly progressing liver fibrosis

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are fenestrated endothelial cells with a unique, high endocytic clearance capacity for blood-borne waste macromolecules and colloids. This LSEC scavenger function has been insufficiently characterized in liver disease. The Glmpgt/gt mouse lacks expression of a subunit of the MFSD1/GLMP lysosomal membrane protein transporter complex, is born normal, but soon develops chronic, mild hepatocyte injury, leading to slowly progressing periportal liver fibrosis, and splenomegaly. This study examined how LSEC scavenger function and morphology are affected in the Glmpgt/gt model. FITC-labelled formaldehyde-treated serum albumin (FITC-FSA), a model ligand for LSEC scavenger receptors was administered intravenously into Glmpgt/gt mice, aged 4 months (peak of liver inflammation), 9–10 month, and age-matched Glmpwt/wt mice. Organs were harvested for light and electron microscopy, quantitative image analysis of ligand uptake, collagen accumulation, LSEC ultrastructure, and endocytosis receptor expression (also examined by qPCR and western blot). In both age groups, the Glmpgt/gt mice showed multifocal liver injury and fibrosis. The uptake of FITC-FSA in LSECs was significantly reduced in Glmpgt/gt compared to wild-type mice. Expression of LSEC receptors stabilin-1 (Stab1), and mannose receptor (Mcr1) was almost similar in liver of Glmpgt/gt mice and agematched controls. At the same time, immunostaining revealed differences in the stabilin-1 expression pattern in sinusoids and accumulation of stabilin-1-positive macrophages in Glmpgt/gt liver. FcγRIIb (Fcgr2b), which mediates LSEC endocytosis of soluble immune complexes was widely and significantly downregulated in Glmpgt/gt liver. Despite increased collagen in space of Disse, LSECs of Glmpgt/gt mice showed well-preserved fenestrae organized in sieve plates but the frequency of holes >400 nm in diameter was increased, especially in areas with hepatocyte damage. In both genotypes, FITC-FSA also distributed to endothelial cells of spleen and bone marrow sinusoids, suggesting that these locations may function as possible compensatory sites of clearance of blood-borne scavenger receptor ligands in liver fibrosis

Changes in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the rind of Fino 49 lemons during maturation and their relationship with parameters from the CIELAB color space

In the present work, the coordinates L*, a* and b* from the CIELAB color space, as well as the chlorophyll, total carotenoids and the content of the carotenoids Lutein and β-cryptoxanthin were measured in the skin of fruits from the Fino 49 lemon during its development, with the aim of understanding the relationship that exists between the color changes of the fruit’s skin (color coordinates) and the pigment content. Also, the understanding of the relative importance of the contents of lutein and β-cryptoxanthin with respect to the total content of carotenoids was sought. The period of study lasted three years; from September 2015 to January 2016, from September 2016 to January 2017, and from September 2017 to January 2018, the periods that comprised the color changes of the lemon fruit until its harvest. The fruits were measured every two weeks in the experimental plot of the IMIDA (Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Food Research and Development) located at La Alberca (Murcia, Spain) and in the experimental orchards from the CEBAS-CSIC, located in Santomera (Murcia). During he experiment, the color and chlorophyll, Lutein and β-cryptoxanthin concentrations were measured. The results showed that there was a good correlation between the color coordinates and the pigments responsible for the lemon’s skin color: all the color pigments were correlated with the a*, b* color coordinates and the Hue angle index. Throughout the fruit’s maturation, a degradation of the chlorophylls was observed, as well as an increase of β-cryptoxanthin, which is responsible for the green and yellow color of the fruits, respectively. Lutein, which was found in high concentrations, decreased with time, but did not contribute to the fruit’s color