Genetic diversity, phylogenetic position, and co-phylogenetic relationships of Karyolysus, a common blood parasite of lizards in the Western Mediterranean

The genus Karyolysus was originally proposed to accommodate blood parasites of lacertid lizards in Western Europe. However, recent phylogenetic analyses suggested an inconclusive taxonomic position of these parasites of the order Adeleorina based on the available genetic information. Inconsistencies between molecular phylogeny, morphology, and/or life cycles can reflect lack of enough genetic information of the target group. We therefore surveyed 28 localities and collected blood samples from 828 lizards of 23 species including lacertids, skinks, and geckoes in the western Mediterranean, North Africa, and Macaronesia, where species of Karyolysus and other adeleorine parasites have been described. We combined molecular and microscopic methods to analyze the samples, including those from the host type species and the type locality of Karyolysus bicapsulatus. The phylogenetic relationship of these parasites was analyzed based on the 18S rRNA gene and the co-phylogenetic relationship with their vertebrate hosts was reconstructed. We molecularly detected adeleorine parasites in 37.9% of the blood samples and found 22 new parasite haplotypes. A phylogenetic reconstruction with 132 sequences indicated that 20 of the newly detected haplotypes clustered in a well-supported clade with another 18 sequences that included Karyolysus galloti and Karyolysus lacazei. Morphological evidence also supported that K. bicapsulatus clustered in this monophyletic clade. These results supported the taxonomic validity of the genus. In addition, we found some parasite haplotypes that infected different lizard host genera with ancient diverging histories, which suggested that Karyolysus is less host-specific than other blood parasites of lizards in the region. A co-phylogenetic analysis supported this interpretation because no significant co-speciation signal was shown between Karyolysus and lizard hosts

Degenerations of Jordan Superalgebras

We describe degenerations of three-dimensional Jordan superalgebras over $\mathbb{C}$. In particular, we describe all irreducible components in the corresponding varieties.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1611.0645

Caracterización del sistema de seguridad e higiene y su influencia en la calidad del producto en proceso, en la Empresa TECALSA, durante el período Junio 2008 a Marzo 2009

estudio estuvo dirigido a la evaluación del sistema de higiene y seguridad industrial en Tecalsa y la influencia que tiene en la calidad del producto en proceso. Se utilizó un tipo de investigación descriptiva y/o cualitativa para poder analizar la actual situación de esta empresa de calzado. Se analizó a la población que es aproximadamente 76 trabajadores que laboran en la empresa TECALSA, desde el punto de vista de seguridad e higiene. La recolección de los datos se realizó utilizando instrumentos como entrevista, observación directa, diagrama de causa y efecto, Checklist, árbol de problemas, árbol de objetivos, representación esquemática de la estrategia para seleccionar las medidas y equipos de seguridad, matriz de r/.esgo, éstos nos permitieron identificar la problemática y posteriormente nos sirvieron de ayuda para tomar decisiones y presentar una propuesta de mejora en el aspecto de seguridad e higiene en la empresa. Los resultados indicaron que actualmente la empresa objeto de estudio no cuenta con un sistema de higiene y seguridad industrial, por tanto presenta fallas debido a la carencia de verificación por parte de la gerencia, del cumplimiento de las políticas de seguridad y de la eficacia de las mismas. Además de los instrumentos antes mencionados también se hizo uso de la encuesta la cual está dividida en cuatro partes, la primera parie de la encuesta se hizo para determinar la edad, sexo y el nivel académico de las personas, algo de mucha importancia para saber el tipo de personal con el cual cuenta. la empresa, Ia segunda parte de la encuesta la cual consideramos de mucha importancia está dirigida a los aspectos laborales en la empresa, a través de ésta logramos determinar qué áreas son las que presentan mayor Índice de riesgo al operario, por otro lado la tercera parte la dirigimos al análisis de higiene y seguridad, a través de la cual se identificó las medidas o equipos de seguridad e higiene que brinda la empresa a sus empleados, y para concluir la cuarta parte se dirigió a la relación de la empresa-operario, aquí logramos determinar la posición que tiene el operario en cuanto a la atención que les brinda la empresa en su labor diaria

Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein as a non-invasive biomarker for pediatric acute appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic performance of Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein (LRG1) in pediatric acute appendicitis (PAA). We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the main databases of medical bibliography. Two independent reviewers selected the articles and extracted relevant data. Methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS2 index. A synthesis of the results, standardization of the metrics and 4 random-effect meta-analyses were performed. Eight studies with data from 712 participants (305 patients with confirmed diagnosis of PAA and 407 controls) were included in this review. The random-effect meta-analysis of serum LRG1 (PAA vs control) resulted in a significant mean difference (95% CI) of 46.76 μg/mL (29.26–64.26). The random-effect meta-analysis for unadjusted urinary LRG1 (PAA vs control) resulted in a significant mean difference (95% CI) of 0.61 μg/mL (0.30–0.93). The random-effect metaanalysis (PAA vs control) for urinary LRG1 adjusted for urinary creatinine resulted in a significant mean difference (95% CI) of 0.89 g/mol (0.11–1.66). Conlusion: Urinary LRG1 emerges as a potential non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of PAA. On the other hand, due to the high between-study heterogeneity, the results on serum LRG1 should be interpreted with caution. The only study that analyzed salivary LRG1 showed promising results. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings

Adaptive response of prokaryotic communities to extreme pollution flooding in a Paleolithic rock art cave (Pindal Cave, northern Spain)

A flood event affecting Pindal Cave, a UNESCO World Heritage site, introduced a substantial amount of external sediments and waste into the cave. This event led to the burial of preexisting sediments, altering the biogeochemical characteristics of the cave ecosystem by introducing heightened levels of organic matter, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, and heavy metals. The sediments included particulate matter and waste from a cattle farm located within the water catchment area of the cavity, along with diverse microorganisms, reshaping the cave microbial community. This study addresses the ongoing influence of a cattle farm on the cave ecosystem and aims to understand the adaptive responses of the underground microbial community to the sudden influx of waste allochthonous material. Here, we show that the flood event had an immediate and profound effect on the cave microbial community, marked by a significant increase in methanogenic archaea, denitrifying bacteria, and other microorganisms commonly associated with mammalian intestinal tracts. Furthermore, our findings reveal that one year after the flood, microorganisms related to the flood decreased, while the increase in inorganic forms of ammonium and nitrate suggests potential nitrification, aligning with increased abundances of corresponding functional genes involved in nitrogen cycling. The results reveal that the impact of pollution was neither recent nor isolated, and it was decisive in stopping livestock activity near the cave. The influence of the cattle farm has persisted since its establishment over the impluvium area, and this influence endures even a year after the flood. Our study emphasizes the dynamic interplay between natural events, anthropogenic activities, and microbial communities, offering insights into the resilience of cave ecosystems. Understanding microbial adaptation in response to environmental disturbances, as demonstrated in this cave ecosystem, has implications for broader ecological studies and underscores the importance of considering temporal dynamics in conservation efforts.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project PID2019-110603RB-I00 and the collaboration of PID2020-114978GB-I00 project, MCIN/AEI/FEDER, UE/10.13039/501100011033. The microbiological analyses of the 2019 flood samples were financed by the “Consejería de Cultura, Política lingüística y Turismo del Principado de Asturias”

Gut Microbiota Has a Crucial Role in the Development of Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction in Toll-like Receptor 7-Driven Lupus Autoimmunity

Our group has investigated the involvement of gut microbiota in hypertension in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 activation. Female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: an untreated control (CTR), a group treated with the TLR7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ), IMQ-treated with vancomycin, and IMQtreated with a cocktail of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We carried out faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from donor CTR or IMQ mice to recipient IMQ or CTR animals, respectively. Vancomycin inhibited the increase in blood pressure; improved kidney injury, endothelial function, and oxidative stress; and reduced T helper (Th)17 infiltration in aortas from IMQ-treated mice. The rise in blood pressure and vascular complications present in IMQ mice were also observed in the CTR mice recipients of IMQ microbiota. Reduced relative populations of Sutterella and Anaerovibrio were associated with high blood pressure in our animals, which were increased after stool transplantation of healthy microbiota to IMQ mice. The reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses to acetylcholine induced by IMQ microbiota were normalized after interleukin-17 neutralization. In conclusion, gut microbiota plays a role in the TLR7-driven increase in Th17 cell, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and hypertension. The vascular changes induced by IMQ microbiota were initiated by Th17 infiltrating the vasculature.Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ministerio de Economía y competitividad (MINECO) (SAF2017-84894-R, PID2020-116347RBI00)Junta de Andalucía (CTS 164, P20_00193) with funds from the European Union, and by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CV)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Sara Borrell Program)MINECOEuropean Union (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER

Effect of hydrogymnastics physical exercise on serum level of immunoglobulin A in elderly women

La disminución de la función del sistema inmune con la edad es asociada a la incidencia de enfermedades infecciosas del tracto respiratorio superior; por otro lado, el ejercicio físico ha sido ampliamente recomendado para la salud. Sin embargo se requiere aún fundamentar con mayor exactitud los efectos del ejercicio físico en el sistema inmunológico en adultos mayores. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de un programa de hidrogimnasia sobre la concentración sérica de Inmunoglobulina A (IgA) en adultas mayores. Métodos: 26 participantes fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental (n: 16) y un grupo control (n: 10). Se determinó la concentración sérica de IgA por nefelometría (BN2 Analyser, DADE Behring). Las sesiones de hidrogimnasia se realizaron cinco veces por semana durante 12 semanas; el ejercicio fue aeróbico a una intensidad de 50-60% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima controlada por telemetría (Polar-FT7). Resultados: Se utilizó la prueba de ANOVA, indicando no interacción significativa (p: 0,797). El porcentaje de cambio resultó de Δ% = -6,7 mg/dL del grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo control Δ% = -7,4 mg/dL. Conclusiones: Un programa de tres meses de hidrogimnasia en mujeres no mejora significativamente los niveles de IgA. Sin embargo, los datos refieren una mejora positiva el porcentaje de cambio A%.Decreases in function of the immune system with age contribute to the increase the risk of infectious diseases especially the upper respiratory tract. On the other hand, physical activity has been widely recommended for health. However, more studies are needed to support the benefit effect of exercise on immune system in elderly. Aim: To evaluate the effect of the hydrogymnastics on the serum level of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in elderly women. Methods: Twenty-six participants were randomly assigned to an experimental (n: 16) or a control group (n:10). IgA concentrations were determined by nephelometry (BN2 Analyzer, Dade Behring). The hydrogymnastics training protocol was performed 5 times a week during 12 weeks. The intensity of the aerobic exercise was 50-60% of the maximum heart rate monitored by telemetry (Polar-FT7). Results: No significant differences (p: 0.797) resulted by ANOVA on serum IgA levels; the percentage of change in experimental group was Δ% = -6.7 mg/dL compared to the control group, Δ%= -7.4 mg/dL. Conclusion: After three months of hydrogymnastics the IgA level did not show significant change on elderly women; However, positive improvement in percentage of change Δ% was found.Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior/[]/ANUIES/MéxicoSecretaria General Consejo Superior Universitario Centroamericano/[]/CSUCA/GuatemalaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano (CIMOHU

Lmo2 expression defines tumor cell identity during T-cell leukemogenesis

The impact of LMO2 expression on cell lineage decisions during T-cell leukemogenesis remains largely elusive. Using genetic lineage tracing, we have explored the potential of LMO2 in dictating a T-cell malignant phenotype. We first initiated LMO2 expression in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and maintained its expression in all hematopoietic cells. These mice develop exclusively aggressive human-like T-ALL. In order to uncover a potential exclusive reprogramming effect of LMO2 in murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, we next showed that transient LMO2 expression is sufficient for oncogenic function and induction of T-ALL. The resulting T-ALLs lacked LMO2 and its target-gene expression, and histologically, transcriptionally, and genetically similar to human LMO2-driven T-ALL. We next found that during T-ALL development, secondary genomic alterations take place within the thymus. However, the permissiveness for development of T-ALL seems to be associated with wider windows of differentiation than previously appreciated. Restricted Cre-mediated activation of Lmo2 at different stages of B-cell development induces systematically and unexpectedly T-ALL that closely resembled those of their natural counterparts. Together, these results provide a novel paradigm for the generation of tumor T cells through reprogramming in vivo and could be relevant to improve the response of T-ALL to current therapies.J.H. has been supported by the German Cancer Aid (Project 110997 and Translational Oncology Program 70112951), the German Jose Carreras Leukemia Foundation (DJCLS 02R/2016), Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Joint funding (Targeting MYC L*10), the Kinderkrebsstiftung (2016/17), and the “Elterninitiative Kinderkrebsklinik e.V. Düsseldorf”. SG has been supported by a scholarship of the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg. AB has been supported by the German Children's Cancer Foundation and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Bonn, Germany. Research in ISG group is partially supported by FEDER and by MINECO (SAF2012-32810, SAF2015-64420-R, and Red de Excelencia Consolider OncoBIO SAF2014-57791-REDC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PIE14/00066), ISCIII- Plan de Ayudas IBSAL 2015 Proyectos Integrados (IBY15/00003), by Junta de Castilla y León (BIO/SA51/15, CSI001U14, UIC-017, and CSI001U16), Fundacion Inocente Inocente, and by the ARIMMORA project (European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 282891). ISG Lab is a member of the EuroSyStem and the DECIDE Network funded by the European Union under the FP7 program. AB and ISG have been supported by the German Carreras Foundation (DJCLS R13/26). IGR was supported by BES-Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (BES-2013-063789). AML and GRH were supported by FSE-Conserjería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León (CSI001-13, CSI001-15). Research in CVD group is partially supported by FEDER, “Miguel Servet” Grant (CP14/00082—AES 2013-2016) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad), “Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias/Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (PI17/00167), and by the Lady Tata International Award for Research in Leukaemia 2016–2017

Recensiones [Revista de Historia Económica Año II Invierno 1984 n. 1 pp. 191-222]

Miguel Ángel Ladero Quesada. El siglo XV en Castilla. Fuentes de renta y política fiscal (Agustín González Enciso).-- Andalucía Moderna. Actas del II Coloquio de Historia de Andalucía (Antonio Miguel Bernal Rodríguez).-- Miguel Artola. La Hacienda en el Antiguo Régimen (Juan Zafra Oteyza).-- Ovidio García Regueiro. "Ilustración" e intereses estamentales (Carlos D. Malaud).-- Aux Origines du retard économique de l'Espagne, XVI-XIX siécles (Gregorio Núñez Romero-Balmas).-- Leandro Prados De La Escosura. Comercio exterior y crecimiento económico en España, 1826-1913: Tendencias a largo plazo (Javier Cuenca Esteban).-- Manuel Moreno Fraginals. El Ingenio. Complejo económico-social cubano del azúcar (Juan Carlos Jiménez Jiménez).-- Mercedes Cabrera. La patronal en la Segunda República. Organizaciones y estrategia (Santos Julia).-- Giorgio Fua. Problemas del desarrollo tardío en Europa (Enric Sanchís).-- Alain Huete De Lemps y Anne Collin-Delavaud. La canne á sucre en Espagne au Perou et en Equateur (Manuel Martin Rodríguez).-- Ivan T. Berend y Gyorcy Ranki. The European periphery and industrialization, 1780-1914 (Gabriel Tortella)Publicad