Nucleocytosolic depletion of the energy metabolite acetyl-coenzyme a stimulates autophagy and prolongs lifespan.

Healthy aging depends on removal of damaged cellular material that is in part mediated by autophagy. The nutritional status of cells affects both aging and autophagy through as-yet-elusive metabolic circuitries. Here, we show that nucleocytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) production is a metabolic repressor of autophagy during aging in yeast. Blocking the mitochondrial route to AcCoA by deletion of the CoA-transferase ACH1 caused cytosolic accumulation of the AcCoA precursor acetate. This led to hyperactivation of nucleocytosolic AcCoA-synthetase Acs2p, triggering histone acetylation, repression of autophagy genes, and an age-dependent defect in autophagic flux, culminating in a reduced lifespan. Inhibition of nutrient signaling failed to restore, while simultaneous knockdown of ACS2 reinstated, autophagy and survival of ach1 mutant. Brain-specific knockdown of Drosophila AcCoA synthetase was sufficient to enhance autophagic protein clearance and prolong lifespan. Since AcCoA integrates various nutrition pathways, our findings may explain diet-dependent lifespan and autophagy regulation

Remote sensing of geomorphodiversity linked to biodiversity — part III: traits, processes and remote sensing characteristics

Remote sensing (RS) enables a cost-effective, extensive, continuous and standardized monitoring of traits and trait variations of geomorphology and its processes, from the local to the continental scale. To implement and better understand RS techniques and the spectral indicators derived from them in the monitoring of geomorphology, this paper presents a new perspective for the definition and recording of five characteristics of geomorphodiversity with RS, namely: geomorphic genesis diversity, geomorphic trait diversity, geomorphic structural diversity, geomorphic taxonomic diversity, and geomorphic functional diversity. In this respect, geomorphic trait diversity is the cornerstone and is essential for recording the other four characteristics using RS technologies. All five characteristics are discussed in detail in this paper and reinforced with numerous examples from various RS technologies. Methods for classifying the five characteristics of geomorphodiversity using RS, as well as the constraints of monitoring the diversity of geomorphology using RS, are discussed. RS-aided techniques that can be used for monitoring geomorphodiversity in regimes with changing land-use intensity are presented. Further, new approaches of geomorphic traits that enable the monitoring of geomorphodiversity through the valorisation of RS data from multiple missions are discussed as well as the ecosystem integrity approach. Likewise, the approach of monitoring the five characteristics of geomorphodiversity recording with RS is discussed, as are existing approaches for recording spectral geomorhic traits/ trait variation approach and indicators, along with approaches for assessing geomorphodiversity. It is shown that there is no comparable approach with which to define and record the five characteristics of geomorphodiversity using only RS data in the literature. Finally, the importance of the digitization process and the use of data science for research in the field of geomorphology in the 21st century is elucidated and discussed

La préparation par la solution de Lugol empêche-t-elle le traitement par iode radioactif des cancers thyroïdiens différenciés ?

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Rooftop Gardens on Apartment Buildings: Kommentar zu Lisa Vollmer und Boris Michel „Wohnen in der Klimakrise. Die Wohnungsfrage als ökologische Frage“

Der Trend zur Urbanisierung und Verdichtung von Wohnraum in Kombination mit der globalen Erwärmung zeigt immer deutlichere Auswirkungen auf das Stadtklima. Zur Reduktion der Belastungen für die Stadtbevölkerung sind gebäudegebundene Begrünungsformen eine wirksame Strategie. Vor allem die Verlagerung der Vegetation auf die bisher kaum genutzte Dachebene hat das Potenzial, negative Auswirkungen der Flächenversieglung und Flächenkonkurrenz auszugleichen, da intensive Dachbegrünungen vielfältige soziale, ökologische und ökonomische Vorteile haben. Da diese in der täglichen Planungs- und Wohnbaupraxis noch unzureichend genutzt werden, wurde in der Stadt Graz ein transformativer Kommunikations- und Lernprozess initiiert, der unter den beteiligten Akteuren nachhaltige Handlungsänderungen anregen soll. Dazu wurde auf Basis einer qualitativen Potenzialanalyse eine Dialogplattform ins Leben gerufen, die im Rahmen von interaktiven Workshop-Formaten relevante Stakeholder vernetzt hat. Dabei konnten Vorbehalte ausgeräumt, Erfahrungen ausgetauscht und Synergieeffekte ausgelotet werden. Durch die gemeinsame Konzeption von Demonstrationsprojekten soll das Erfahren, Experimentieren und Reflektieren mit innovativen Dachbegrünungen weiter angeregt werden. Dieser kontinuierliche Aushandlungs- und Lernprozess soll dazu beitragen, dass sich Dachgärten als wirksamer Lösungsansatz für die sozial-ökologischen Herausforderungen des modernen Wohn- und Städtebaus etablieren und weitere Nachhaltigkeitstransformationen gefördert werden.The trend towards urbanization and densification of living space combined with global warming has a strong impact on the urban climate. To reduce the impairment to health of the urban population, building-related forms of greening are an effective strategy. Especially the shift of vegetation to the barely used roof level has the potential to compensate for negative effects of soil sealing and land competition, as intensive green roofs have various social, ecological and economic advantages. Since these benefits are insufficiently exploited in daily planning and housing practice, a transformative communication and learning process has been initiated in the city of Graz, which is intended to stimulate sustainable changes among the actors. Based on a qualitative potential analysis, a dialog platform was established, which linked relevant stakeholders in the context of interactive workshop formats. This enabled reservations to be resolved, experiences to be exchanged and synergy effects to be explored. The joint conception of demonstration projects is intended to further stimulate experience, experimentation, and reflection with innovative green roofs. This continuous negotiation and learning process should help to establish roof gardens as an effective solution to the socio-ecological challenges of modern housing and urban development and to promote further sustainability transformations

A Series of Dinuclear Complexes with a Flexible Naphtalene-Spacer and MOM-Cleavage by Pre-coordinated Lewis Acids

Jany T, Horstmann C, Bögge H, Stammler A, Glaser T. A Series of Dinuclear Complexes with a Flexible Naphtalene-Spacer and MOM-Cleavage by Pre-coordinated Lewis Acids. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2015;641(12-13, SI):2157-2168

Impact of oxygen diffusion on superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films studied by positron annihilation spectroscopy

The oxygen deficiency $\delta$ in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ (YBCO) plays a crucial role for affecting high-temperature superconductivity. We applied (coincident) Doppler broadening spectroscopy of the electron-positron annihilation line to study in situ the temperature dependence of the oxygen concentration and its depth profile in single crystalline YBCO film grown on SrTiO$_3$ (STO) substrates. The oxygen diffusion during tempering was found to lead to a distinct depth dependence of $\delta$, which is not accessible using X-ray diffraction. A steady-state reached within a few minutes is defined by both, the oxygen exchange at the surface and at the interface to the STO substrate. Moreover, we revealed the depth dependent critical temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ in the as prepared and tempered YBCO film