Wykorzystanie modelowania geochemicznego oraz badań izotopowych siarczanów do identyfikacji procesów kształtujących skład chemiczny wód podziemnych ujęcia Gliwice-Łabędy

In order to determine geochemical processes affecting chemical composition of groundwater in the Gliwice-Łabędy well-field area two research methods were applied. Chemical analysis allowed us to assess the quality of groundwater in the Triassic karst-fractured-porous aquifer of the southwestern part of the major groundwater basin no. 330. The chemical composition of groundwater is distinguished by spatial heterogeneity highlighted by higher mineralization and concentrations of individual ions in the western area. In addition, all samples collected in 2016 were analyzed for the 34S and 18O to identify sources of sulfates in the waters examined. The study revealed a different origin of these ions depending on location of the wells sampled. The results of chemical analysis and archival data allowed for application of geochemical modeling in identification of processes taking part in groundwater chemistry evolution. Simulations of processes controlling water chemistry within the Triassic aquifer were conducted using The Geochemist’s Workbench 10.0.6. The examined processes encompassed dissolution of minerals forming the carbonate aquifer and Miocene evaporates overlying the Triassic aquifer as well as mixing of groundwater and surface water

Identification of Water Contamination Sources Using Hydrochemical and Isotopic Studies-The Kozłowa Góra Reservoir Catchment Area (Southern Poland)

The application of combined research methods, such as hydrochemical and isotopic analyses, facilitates understanding of the origin of water constituents and migration of contaminants in the aquatic environment. The presented study attempts to identify contamination sources affecting water quality within the Kozłowa Góra reservoir catchment area (southern Poland). A total of 100 water samples were collected from surface water (the Brynica river, streams, and the reservoir) and groundwater (a Quarternary aquifer) in four time periods. During fieldwork, the physicochemical parameters were measured (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, redox potential, and dissolved oxygen). The chemical analysis included the determination of major ions (HCO3 , SO4 2, Cl, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+), nutrients (NO3 , NO2 , NH4 +, and PO4 3), and total organic carbon. The study was complemented by isotopic analysis of sulphur and oxygen in sulphate, which enabled a more precise identification of stressors affecting water quality in different parts of the catchment area. Chemical and isotopic results ( 34S = 4.38–13.99‰; 18O 3.59–13.30‰) revealed that wastewater discharges and agricultural activities have a significant influence on the chemistry of the Brynica River and other streams. At some sampling points, a lower quality of water was manifested by elevated concentrations of NO3 (up to 22.6 mg/L) and several other ions (e.g., up to 114 mg/L for Cl, up to 51.52 mg/L for NH4 +, and 12.5 mg/L for PO4 3). The quality of groundwater was deteriorated mainly by infiltration of sewage from leaky septic tanks. The level of groundwater contamination varied depending on the location, as higher concentrations of major ions and values of electrical conductivity were observed in residential areas. The Brynica river, streams, and groundwater recharge the drinking water reservoir, and thus its quality depends on these sources. A dilution of water and the presence of biochemical processes led to a reduction of contaminant concentrations in the Kozłowa Góra reservoir (down to 3.5 mg/L for NO3 , 32 mg/L for Cl, 0.21 mg/L for NH4 +, and <0.05 mg/L for PO4 3) compared to water in the river and streams supplying the reservoir. The study revealed the role of wastewater discharge and agricultural activities in the evolution of surface water chemistry. The results will be used in further research on the origin and migration of other substances in water, including microcontaminants

Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the water environment of Poland : a review

The issue of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the water environment has gained increasing interest worldwide. To determine the nature and extent of this problem for Poland, this paper presents a review of research on the presence of PPCPs in Poland, looking at results for different water samples, including wastewater (before and after treatment), landfill leachate, surface water (standing water bodies and rivers), seawater, groundwater and drinking water. The review is based on over 50 scientific articles and dissertations referring to studies of PPCPs. It also briefly outlines possible sources and the fate of PPCPs in the aquatic environment. The review of Polish research has revealed that studies have previously covered at least 39 PPCP groups (270 compounds in total). These studies focused mainly on wastewater and rivers, and only a few concerned landfill leachate and seawater. They most often reported on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. The highest concentrations of the analysed PPCPs were found mainly in raw wastewater (e.g., naproxen, up to 551,960 ng/L), but they were also occasionally found in surface water (e.g., azithromycin, erythromycin, irbesartan and metoprolol) and in groundwater (e.g., N,Ndiethyl- meta-toluamide, known as DEET, up to 17,280 ng/L). Extremely high concentrations of bisphenol A (up to 2,202,000 ng/L) and diclofenac (up to 108,340 ng/L) were found in landfill leachate. Although numerous substances have been detected, PPCPs are still not monitored regularly, which makes it difficult to obtain a clear understanding of their incidence in the water environment

Data for: Tracing multiple sources of groundwater pollution in a complex carbonate aquifer Gliwice (southern Poland) using hydrogeochemical tracers, SF6 and CFCs.

The dataset comprises chemical parameters of groundwater of the Triassic carbonate aquifer Gliwice, measured in 39 samples taken in 2010 and 2011. The supplementary field campaign was carried out in 2015. 10 groudnwater samples were taken for analyses of CFC, SF6, Ar and Ne

Advantages and constraints of groundwater dating using SF6 in carbonate aquifers on the example of MGWB Gliwice

W modelowaniu przepływu wód podziemnych jednym z istotnych zadań jest weryfikacja modelu na podstawie komplementarnego rozpoznania systemu krążenia wód. Elementem tego rozpoznania może być datowanie wód podziemnych za pomocą, np. znaczników środowiskowych występujących w atmosferze. Jednym z nich jest sześciofluorek siarki SF6. W pracy przedstawiono wstępne wyniki zastosowania tego znacznika do rozpoznania systemu krążenia wód podziemnych na przykładzie węglanowego kompleksu wodonośnego serii węglanowej triasu GZWP Gliwice. Jest to złożony system hydrogeologiczny o potrójnej porowatości i skomplikowanych drogach przepływu wód. Badania wykonano na podstawie jednorazowego opróbowania wód podziemnych i powierzchniowych w 2010 r. Badania wykazały zróżnicowane, ale na ogół wysokie zawartości znacznika w wodach podziemnych, jak również w próbce wody powierzchniowej, w zakresie od 0,29 do 6,17 fmolL–1. Do określenia pozornego wieku wód wykorzystano wybrane modele matematyczne lumped parameter, z których, jako najbardziej adekwatny do zastosowania w badanym środowisku wybrano model dyspersyjny. Obliczone pozorne czasy przebywania znacznika w wodach podziemnych są niskie i w zdecydowanej większości mieszczą się w przedziale 5–30 lat, co świadczy o krótkim czasie przebywania wód w systemie wodonośnym.One of the most important issues in groundwater modelling is a validation process based on a comprehensive study of groundwater flow system. Groundwater dating, using environmental tracers like SF6, is a valuable tool for model verification. The paper describes preliminary results of SF6 application in the recognition of the MGWB Gliwice groundwater system. The aquifer represents a highly complex, triple-porosity hydrogeological system. The research, based on groundwater and surface water sampling carried out in 2010, revealed a generally high concentration of sulphur hexafluoride in water, ranging from 0.29 to 6.17 fmolL–1. In order to assess apparent groundwater age, selected lumped parameter models were applied, with a dispersion model chosen to fit best to the aquifer under investigation. The calculated residence time of tracer in the groundwater system is notably low and ranges generally from 5 to about 35 years, which suggests relatively short groundwater residence time in the aquifer

Data for: Tracing multiple sources of groundwater pollution in a complex carbonate aquifer Gliwice (southern Poland) using hydrogeochemical tracers, SF6 and CFCs.

The dataset comprises chemical parameters of groundwater of the Triassic carbonate aquifer Gliwice, measured in 39 samples taken in 2010 and 2011. The supplementary field campaign was carried out in 2015. 10 groudnwater samples were taken for analyses of CFC, SF6, Ar and Ne

Occurrence, sources of PAHs, and groundwater protection against pollution in the Cieszyńskie Źródła Tufowe Natura 2000 area

The paper deals with the problem of groundwater pollution with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the "Cieszyńskie Žrádla Tufowe” Natura 2000 area. The concentration of 16 PAHs was measured with the use of the GC-MS method in seven water samples collected from the area of four enclaves belonging to the nature reserve. The results of analyses were compared with both the hydrogeochemical background and the limit value of PAHs concentration in drinking water, defined in the Regulation of the Minister for Health. Additionally, in order to determine the origin of contamination, PAH ratios for selected compounds were calculated. The paper also highlights the importance of the PAHs monitoring in groundwater