A Study of 100 Cases of Acute Scrotum in Pediatric Age Group

Introduction: acute scrotum swelling refers to condition of acute scrotam with or without pain Aim of study: analysis oh 100 cases of acute scrotal swelling regarding to age, causes, treatment. Patient and method: prospective study of 100 cases of acute scrotal swelling in alkarama teaching hospital in alkut from pathology from the 1st of April 2015 till the 1st of August 2016. Results: Age of incidence from birth to 10 years. 93%of cases are obstructed inguinal hernia. Conclusion: Most common cause is inguinal hernia before one year. You should do surgery to emergent conditions at first 6 hours. Keywords: acute scrotum, obstructed inguinal hernia, testicular torsio

Isolation and Molecular Detection of Some Anaerobic Bacteria From Patients With Periodontitis

This study aimed conducted for isolation and Molecular detection of some anaerobic bacteria from patients with Periodontitis. Transport and collection: 78 Patients with periodontitis between the ages of 16 and 69 from Dental Clinics in the city of Baghdad were recruited between 2021 and 2022 for this study. After placing a paper point (size 30-45 mm.) inside a pocket with a depth of 3 mm. and leaving it there for 60 seconds, we were able to obtain an adequate sample of GCF for analysis. Next, Thioglycollate broth was added to the paper point. Within 2 hours of collection, all samples were sent to the bacteriology lab where they were cultured at 37 °C for 24-48 hours. Genomic DNA micro Kit was used to isolate the bacterial genome. Amplification using global bacterial 16S rDNA primers. From a total of 78 samples, 34 unique anaerobic bacteria were isolated. Bacteriological techniques were used to identify the five species of bacteria (representing four genera) that were isolated. The Gramme stain test was used for initial confirmation of the microbiological isolates found in both diabetes and non-diabetic individuals, and the findings showed that 24 of the bacterial isolates were Gramme positive cocci, 5 were Gramme positive anaerobic bacilli, and 3 were Gramme negative anaerobic Cocci. The results displays the gender breakdown of our patient population, which breaks down to 15 male (42.9% of the total) and 25 females (58.1% of the total), with no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between the sexes. Streptococcus salivasrius was found to be the most resistant species in this study, accounting for 18 (52.9%) of the isolates, followed by Lactobacillus salivarius with 7 (20.6%) isolates, Streptococcus mutans with 5 (14.7%), and Veillonella Spp. with 2 (5.5%). However, only 2.5% of diabetes individuals have the bacterium species Enterococcus faecalis. All these bacteria were confirmed by using PCR. In conclusion, the present investigation found that Streptococcus salivarius was the most resistant in all individuals, followed by Lactobacillus salivarius

A Review of Non-Operative Management of Anal Fissures in Pediatrics: A Study of 50 Cases at Alkarama Teaching Hospital

Anal fissure is a tear or break in the skin of the anal canal. whilst acute anal fissures heal spontaneously or with simple therapeutic measures, a proportion may progress to form a chronic anal fissure. The aim of this study is to show the efficacy of conservative therapy in management of anal fissures in pediatrics. A prospective study was conducted in alkarama teaching hospital  during a period from February 2014 to March 2015 for analyzing fifty cases of anal fissure in children & the effect of conservative treatment. A personal biodata, detailed history of diet, bowel habits, site of fissure & presentation, all were registered. Keywords: Anal fissure, Conservative Treatment, Proctocidar

Agro- Industrial Integration from an Accounting Perspective Study in General Company for Leather Industries/Baghdad

تعد الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية وحدة انتاجية اقتصادية تساهم في دعم الاقتصاد الوطني في مجال تصنيع الجلود الطبيعية واستغلالها بإنتاج الملابس والاحذية والحقائب اعتمادا على مبدا الحساب الاقتصادي وكفاءة استثمار الاموال العامة وفاعليتها في تحقيق اهداف الدولة ورفع مستويات الاداء للاقتصاد الوطني بما يحقق اهداف خطط التنمية  لذا هدف البحث الى تحديد المعوقات التي تواجه الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية /بغداد (عينة البحث) والتي تحول دون التكامل الزراعي الصناعي بفرعه الحيواني والتوجه نحو الجلود المستوردة لتحقيق اهدافها على الرغم من  وجود معامل دباغة في الشركة ذاتها وذلك من خلال اجراء مقارنة كلفوية للمنتج في حالة اعتمادها على الجلود المحلية وتطبيق التكامل الزراعي الصناعي  من جانب وفي حالة اذا كانت جلود مستوردة من جانب اخر ولأربعة موديلات من الاحذية الرجالية (7566,7639, ٦٧٣٠,7545) الواردة في سجلات الشركة في شهر تشرين الاول للعام 2014  ، ومن اهم ما توصل اليه البحث ان هنالك كثيرا من المعوقات التي تحول دون التكامل الزراعي الصناعي والتي تحتاج الى حلول حقيقية من الدولة وان تطبيقه لا يحقق اهداف الشركة من الارباح المخطط لها حتى وان كان على حساب الجودة .  The General Company for Leather Industries is an economic production unit that contributes to supporting the national economy in the field of manufacturing natural leather and exploiting it by producing clothes, shoes and bags based on the principle of economic account and efficiency of investing public funds and its effectiveness in achieving the objectives of the state and raising the performance levels of the national economy in order to achieve the goals of development plans, so the goal of the research is to identify the obstacles facing the General Company for Leather Industries / Baghdad (research sample) which transforms Without agricultural industrial integration with its animal branch and orientation towards imported leather to achieve its objectives despite the existence of tanning factories in the same company through a cost comparison of the product in case of dependence on local leather and application of agricultural industrial integration on the one hand and in case if the skins imported by another and four models of men's shoes (7566,7639, 6730,7545) contained in the company's records in October 2014, and one of the most important findings of the research is that there are many obstacles to agricultural industrial integration that need real solutions from the state and that its application does not achieve The company's objectives o

Smart monitoring system for pressure regulator based on IOT

In the last years, the interconnection of everyday instruments with internet using internet of thinks (IOT), is widely used as a monitoring and controlling in engineering as in smart cities, environmental, others. In this paper, a remote monitoring system of a pressure regulator is developed through an internet of thinks (IOT) communication tool, using MATLAB® programming platforms. The development of monitoring system for acquisition and communication corresponds to the NodeMCU as a microcontroller with ESP8266 for Wi-Fi connected. This system allows to monitor the reference of the pressure regulator and monitor the information of the transducers machine of the plant. Among the advantages of this type of development is that the server is free, and the development system is low cost, also with this type of projects can strengthen the infrastructure of laboratory equipment in engineering to be controlling in a way remote

A Cross-Sectional Study of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and its Association with Steroid Responsiveness in Iraqi Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Background: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS)is associated with serious complications and financial burdens. Studies reported increased urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) levels in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the uNGAL potential to distinguish SRNS from steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) in Iraqi children. Patients and Methods: Children with SRNS (n=31) and SSNS (n=32) were recruited from Babylon Hospital for Maternity and Pediatrics from March to June 2022. Patients' data included demographics, clinical characteristics, and urinary lab tests. The uNGAL concentrations were measured via a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: A significantly higher uNGAL median (p-value<0.001) was noted in the SRNS group (median [IQR] = 131.512 [30.28] ng/mL) than in the SSNS group (88.45 [41.6] ng/mL). The correlation between uNGAL levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was negative (Spearman's rho coefficient = − 0.599, p<0.001). The discriminatory power ofuNGAL to discern SRNS from SSNS was significantly high (AUC=0.899, p<0.0001) with a sensitivity of 87.1% and specificity of 87.5% at an optimal cut-off value of 111.091 ng/mL. Conclusion: uNGAL is associated with a reliable discriminatory strength to distinguish, noninvasively, children with SRNS from those with SSNS.   Received: Jan. 2023 Accepted: Jul, 2023 Published: Oct.202

Design and implementation : a smart monitoring and controlling system of three-phase photovoltaic inverter based on LoRa

In this paper, a new smart monitor and control system has been designed for injected power application to grid from a three-phase photovoltaic inverter (a smart monitor and control system (SMCS)). The system consists two main units. Firstly, the control system unit: this unit connects directly to the inverter to measure the output voltage of three-phase photovoltaic inverter and the control circuit, It can turn the inverter 'on' or 'off' from a long distance. Secondly, the monitoring unit: this unit is designed to monitor the states of the photovoltaic inverter system from long distances. It has two monitoring options OLED and a smartphone monitoring application. LoRa technique (long range) used to send and receive data between controllers system and monitoring system. LoRa is a new type of wireless communication technology within the Internet of Things (IoT). The SMCS application has been designed by using open source software "MIT App Inventor 2"; this application is used to sends and receives the data from a control unit by using Bluetooth as a wireless communication in order to monitor and control the whole system. The main advantage of the SMCS that it can monitor and control three-phase photovoltaic inverters that have been installed in remote and rural areas

Design and implementation of a gate driver circuit for three-phase grid tied photovoltaic inverter application

This paper presents and describes the design and implementation of a new gate driver circuit for a three-phase grid tide photovoltaic inverter system using SIC- MOSFET at the power stage. The proposed design consists of a 5 kW power three-phase inverter system with a new isolated gate driver related to IGBT, MOSFET and SIC-MOSFETs. The designed circuit has a dual gate driver in a single package for each leg, and each circuit has an optocoupler to provide high output peak current to turn the power transistor On or Off, and a saturation protection circuit. The control algorithm for the full system of the three-phase application runs on a TMS320F28335 DSP. The TMS320F28335 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) microcontroller is one of the Texas Instruments™ (TI) family that was used to generate the three-phase 120⁰ Bus Clamp PWM of the system, with high frequency around 25 kHz

An open-source non-contact thermometer using low-cost electronic components

Due to the spread of COVID-19 across the world and the increased need for non-contact thermometers to prevent the spread of disease, a new electronic thermometer has been designed and implemented for measuring human body temperature from a distance. This device is currently in use at building entrances to measure the body temperatures of employees, students, and customers. This system is designed using low-cost easy-toassemble open-source electronic components. The system consists of seven main parts: an Arduino UNO microcontroller, an infrared (IR) thermometer for non-contact temperature measurements (GY-906 MLX90614ESF module), an IR motion sensor (TCRT 5000) for the purpose of contactless initiation of the system, a graphic LCD to display results, a DS3231 clock module for a real-time clock and calendar, and a micro-SD storage board to store device audio instructions. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. METHODS: This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. RESULTS: 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). CONCLUSION: A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02179112