Identificación de las fortalezas y debilidades de la competencia digital en el uso de aplicaciones de internet del alumno de primer curso del Grado de Magisterio

El objetivo de este estudio se centra en identificar la competencia digital en el uso de aplicaciones de internet en los estudiantes del primer curso del Grado de Maestro en Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universidad de Zaragoza del curso académico 2014-2015, un total de 960 alumnos, de los cuales 240 estaban matriculados en la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación de Huesca, 240 en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de Teruel y 480 en la Facultad de Educación de Zaragoza. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario de elaboración propia, realizado por profesores del Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, del Departamento de Informática e Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad de Zaragoza y por profesores del área de Tecnología y del área de Matemáticas de dos Institutos de Educación Secundaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los estudiantes que llegan a la Universidad, a pesar de ser de la generación de la era digital, tienen debilidades importantes en el uso de las herramientas de internet que analizamos en este estudio. El análisis cualitativo de los resultados muestra que la mayoría de los estudiantes conocen y usan frecuentemente tan solo cuatro de las veinte herramientas sobre las que se les pregunta en esta investigación. The aim of this research is to identify the digital competence in the use of internet tools in firstyear students of Preschool and Primary Education Teacher Training Degree at the University of Zaragoza in the academic year 2014-2015. The sample included a total of 960 students, from which 240 were enrolled in the Faculty of Human Sciences and Education of Huesca, 240 in the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences of Teruel and 480 in the Faculty of Education of Zaragoza). They were given a questionnaire, specifically designed by teachers of the Departments of Educational Sciences, Computer Science and Systems Engineering of the University of Zaragoza and by teachers of Technology and of Mathematics of two Secondary Education Schools of the Autonomous Community of Aragon. The results indicate that students arriving at University for the first time, despite belonging to the digital era, have serious weakness in digital skills, in the use of the internet tools analyzed in this study. The qualitative analysis of the results shows that the majority of students knows and uses frequently only four of twenty tools considered in this research

RSVP-TE Extensions to Provide Guarantee of Service to MPLS 1

Abstract. Independent Quality of Service (QoS) models need to be set up in IP and ATM integration and they are difficult to coordinate. This gap is bridged when MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) is used for this purpose. We propose Guarantee of Service (GoS) to improve performance of privileged flows in congested MPLS networks. We first discuss the GoS requirements for the use in conjunction with MPLS. Then we propose a minimum set of extensions to RSVP-TE that allow signaling of GoS information across the MPLS domain

La llicenciatura en Física: Perfil de la professió. Estudi d’inserció professional

Les oportunitats professionals dels llicenciats i llicenciades en Física han evolucionat molt en el passat immediat, i també s’ha ampliat els tipus de sectors laborals que enrolen físics. Fa just trenta anys, la major part dels titulats era absorbida pel sector de l’ensenyament secundari i superior. Una minoria aconseguia fer carrera de recerca, principalment en centres acadèmics. En l’actualitat el panorama ha canviat força ja que, com revelen algunes enquestes a graduats recents de mitjan els anys noranta, la sortida professional de l’ensenyament només representava un 50 % del total

Ground state and stability of the fractional plateau phase in metallic Shastry Sutherland system TmB4

We present a study of the ground state and stability of the fractional plateau phase FPP with M Msat 1 8 in the metallic Shastry Sutherland system TmB4. Magnetization M measurements show that the FPP states are thermodynamically stable when the sample is cooled in constant magnetic field from the paramagnetic phase to the ordered one at 2 K. On the other hand, after zero field cooling and subsequent magnetization these states appear to be of dynamic origin. In this case the FPP states are closely associated with the half plateau phase HPP, M Msat , mediate the HPP to the low field antiferromagnetic AF phase and depend on the thermodynamic history. Thus, in the same place of the phase diagram both, the stable and the metastable dynamic fractional plateau FP states, can be observed, depending on the way they are reached. In case of metastable FP states thermodynamic paths are identified that lead to very flat fractional plateaus in the FPP. Moreover, with a further decrease of magnetic field also the low field AF phase becomes influenced and exhibits a plateau of the order of 1 1000 Msa

Interaction between bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and trammel nets in the Archipelago de La Maddalena, Italy

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea. Encounter rate, dominant species, and diversity hotspots

We investigated the presence and diversity of cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea, analysing the data collected by 32 different research units, over a period of 15 years (2004–2018), and shared on the common web-GIS platform named Intercet. We used the encounter rate, the species prevalence, and the Shannon diversity index as parameters for data analysis. The results show that cetacean diversity, in the context of the Mediterranean basin, is generally quite low when compared with the eastern Atlantic, as few species, namely the striped dolphin, the bottlenose dolphin, the fin whale, and the sperm whale, dominate over all the others. However, some areas, such as the Alboran Sea or the north-western Mediterranean Sea, which includes the Pelagos Sanctuary (the Specially Protected Area of Mediterranean Interest located in the northern portion of the western basin), show higher levels of diversity and should be considered hotspots to be preserved. Primary production and seabed profile seem to be the two main drivers influencing the presence and distribution of cetaceans, with the highest levels of diversity observed in areas characterized by high levels of primary production and high bathymetric variability and gradient. This collective work underlines the importance of data sharing to deepen our knowledge on marine fauna at the scale of the whole Mediterranean Sea and encourages greater efforts in the networking process, also to accomplish the requirements of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, with particular reference to Descriptor 1: biological diversity is maintained

Challenges of Exporting Differentiated Products to Developed Countries: The Case of SME-Dominated Sectors in a Semi-Industrialized Country

This paper surveys four Argentinean industrieslight ships, television programs, wines, and wooden furniturethat have experienced substantial export growth in recent years, particularly to developed countries. The case studies first describe the structure of the industries, then characterize the emergence of export pioneers and the subsequent process of diffusion. Finally, they analyze the role played by public institutions. Across sectors, the appearance of a pioneer is largely explained by a knowledge advantage relative to other industry participants regarding foreign markets, which the pioneer acquired previously and independently of his decision to export. Diffusion occurs across as well as within sectors, as pioneers knowledge is relevant to other industries. Since diffusion does not necessarily hurt the pioneer, public policy has a potentially important role in fostering diffusion within and across sectors

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

The challenge of habitat modelling for threatened low density species using heterogeneous data : the case of Cuvier’s beaked whales in the Mediterranean

We are grateful to the ACCOBAMS Secretariat for their support in this work, including a small grant for the analysis.The Mediterranean population of Cuvieŕs beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris), a deep-diving cetacean, is genetically distinct from the Atlantic, and subject to a number of conservation threats, in particular underwater noise. It is also cryptic at the surface and relatively rare, so obtain robust knowledge on distribution and abundance presents unique challenges. Here we use multiplatform and multiyear survey data to analyse the distribution and abundance of this species across the Mediterranean Sea. We use a novel approach combining heterogeneous data gathered with different methods to obtain a single density index for the region. A total of 594,996 km of survey effort and 507 sightings of Cuvier’s beaked whales, from 1990 to 2016, were pooled together from 24 different sources. Data were divided into twelve major groups according to platform height, speed and sea state. Both availability bias and effective strip width were calculated from the sightings with available perpendicular distance data. This was extrapolated to the rest of the sightings for each of the twelve groups. Habitat preference models were fitted into a GAM framework using counts of groups as a response variable with the effective searched area as an offset. Depth, coefficient of variation of depth, longitude and marine regions (as defined by the International Hydrographic Organization) were identified as important predictors. Predicted abundance of groups per grid cell were multiplied by mean group size to obtain a prediction of the abundance of animals. A total abundance of 5799 (CV = 24.0%) animals was estimated for the whole Mediterranean basin. The Alborán Sea, Ligurian Sea, Hellenic Trench, southern Adriatic Sea and eastern Ionian Sea were identified as being the main hot spots in the region. It is important to urge that the relevant stakeholders incorporate this information in the planning and execution of high risk activities in these high-risk areas.PostprintPeer reviewe