PCV53 COST ANALYSIS ON ANTICOAGULANT DRUG MARKET

Primer pla d'una finestra de fusta situada al costat dret d'un petit altar de pedra blanca, a la torre de Sant Rafael al Monestir de Pedralbes

Predictable Disruption Tolerant Networks and Delivery Guarantees

This article studies disruption tolerant networks (DTNs) where each node knows the probabilistic distribution of contacts with other nodes. It proposes a framework that allows one to formalize the behaviour of such a network. It generalizes extreme cases that have been studied before where (a) either nodes only know their contact frequency with each other or (b) they have a perfect knowledge of who meets who and when. This paper then gives an example of how this framework can be used; it shows how one can find a packet forwarding algorithm optimized to meet the 'delay/bandwidth consumption' trade-off: packets are duplicated so as to (statistically) guarantee a given delay or delivery probability, but not too much so as to reduce the bandwidth, energy, and memory consumption.Comment: 9 page

Inferring phylogenies with incomplete data sets: a 5-gene, 567-taxon analysis of angiosperms

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Phylogenetic analyses of angiosperm relationships have used only a small percentage of available sequence data, but phylogenetic data matrices often can be augmented with existing data, especially if one allows missing characters. We explore the effects on phylogenetic analyses of adding 378 <it>matK </it>sequences and 240 26S rDNA sequences to the complete 3-gene, 567-taxon angiosperm phylogenetic matrix of Soltis et al.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We performed maximum likelihood bootstrap analyses of the complete, 3-gene 567-taxon data matrix and the incomplete, 5-gene 567-taxon data matrix. Although the 5-gene matrix has more missing data (27.5%) than the 3-gene data matrix (2.9%), the 5-gene analysis resulted in higher levels of bootstrap support. Within the 567-taxon tree, the increase in support is most evident for relationships among the 170 taxa for which both <it>matK </it>and 26S rDNA sequences were added, and there is little gain in support for relationships among the 119 taxa having neither <it>matK </it>nor 26S rDNA sequences. The 5-gene analysis also places the enigmatic <it>Hydrostachys </it>in Lamiales (BS = 97%) rather than in Cornales (BS = 100% in 3-gene analysis). The placement of <it>Hydrostachys </it>in Lamiales is unprecedented in molecular analyses, but it is consistent with embryological and morphological data.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Adding available, and often incomplete, sets of sequences to existing data sets can be a fast and inexpensive way to increase support for phylogenetic relationships and produce novel and credible new phylogenetic hypotheses.</p

Leaf color and vine size are related to yield in a phylloxera-infested vineyard

The uneven spread of phylloxera infestation and associated vine symptoms in vineyards usually complicates yield estimates and vineyard replacement decisions. In a Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard with AXR#1 rootstock the current season's and following season's yields of 40 vine plots correlated (r ≥ 0.77, p ≤ 0.05) with early to midseason leaf and canopy spectra measured in the field, laboratory and remotely with aircraft-borne sensors

Resolving Sirius-like binaries with the Hubble Space Telescope

We have imaged seventeen recently discovered Sirius-like binary systems with HST/WFPC2 and resolved the white dwarf secondary in eight cases. Most of the implied orbital periods are of order several hundred years, but in three cases (56 Per, Zeta Cygni and REJ1925-566) the periods are short enough that it may be possible to detect orbital motion within a few years. It will then be possible to derive dynamically determined masses for the white dwarfs, and potentially these stars could be used as stringent tests of the mass-radius relation and initial-final mass relation.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on White Dwarfs, eds. H. Shipman and J. Provenca

From Algae to Angiosperms – Inferring the Phylogeny of Green Plants ( Viridiplantae ) from 360 Plastid Genomes

Background Next-generation sequencing has provided a wealth of plastid genome sequence data from an increasingly diverse set of green plants (Viridiplantae). Although these data have helped resolve the phylogeny of numerous clades (e.g., green algae, angiosperms, and gymnosperms), their utility for inferring relationships across all green plants is uncertain. Viridiplantae originated 700-1500 million years ago and may comprise as many as 500,000 species. This clade represents a major source of photosynthetic carbon and contains an immense diversity of life forms, including some of the smallest and largest eukaryotes. Here we explore the limits and challenges of inferring a comprehensive green plant phylogeny from available complete or nearly complete plastid genome sequence data. Results We assembled protein-coding sequence data for 78 genes from 360 diverse green plant taxa with complete or nearly complete plastid genome sequences available from GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses of the plastid data recovered well-supported backbone relationships and strong support for relationships that were not observed in previous analyses of major subclades within Viridiplantae. However, there also is evidence of systematic error in some analyses. In several instances we obtained strongly supported but conflicting topologies from analyses of nucleotides versus amino acid characters, and the considerable variation in GC content among lineages and within single genomes affected the phylogenetic placement of several taxa. Conclusions Analyses of the plastid sequence data recovered a strongly supported framework of relationships for green plants. This framework includes: i) the placement of Zygnematophyceace as sister to land plants (Embryophyta), ii) a clade of extant gymnosperms (Acrogymnospermae) with cycads + Ginkgo sister to remaining extant gymnosperms and with gnetophytes (Gnetophyta) sister to non-Pinaceae conifers (Gnecup trees), and iii) within the monilophyte clade (Monilophyta), Equisetales + Psilotales are sister to Marattiales + leptosporangiate ferns. Our analyses also highlight the challenges of using plastid genome sequences in deep-level phylogenomic analyses, and we provide suggestions for future analyses that will likely incorporate plastid genome sequence data for thousands of species. We particularly emphasize the importance of exploring the effects of different partitioning and character coding strategies. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/14/2

A LOFAR mini-survey for low-frequency radio emission from the nearest brown dwarfs

We have conducted a mini-survey for low-frequency radio emission from some of the closest brown dwarfs to the Sun with rapid rotation rates: SIMP J013656.5 +093347, WISEPC 150649.97+702736.0, and WISEPA J174124.26+255319.5.We have placed robust 3s upper limits on the flux density in the 111 – 169 MHz frequency range for these targets: WISE 1506: &lt; 0:72 mJy; WISE 1741: &lt; 0:87 mJy; SIMP 0136: &lt; 0:66 mJy. At 8 hours of integration per target to achieve these limits, we find that systematic and detailed study of this class of object at LOFAR frequencies will require a substantial dedication of resources

Stellar archaeology with Gaia: the Galactic white dwarf population

Gaia will identify several 1e5 white dwarfs, most of which will be in the solar neighborhood at distances of a few hundred parsecs. Ground-based optical follow-up spectroscopy of this sample of stellar remnants is essential to unlock the enormous scientific potential it holds for our understanding of stellar evolution, and the Galactic formation history of both stars and planets.Comment: Summary of a talk at the 'Multi-Object Spectroscopy in the Next Decade' conference in La Palma, March 2015, to be published in ASP Conference Series (editors Ian Skillen & Scott Trager

The first sub-70 minute non-interacting WD-BD system: EPIC212235321

We present the discovery of the shortest-period, non-interacting, white dwarf-brown dwarf post-common-envelope binary known. The K2 light curve shows the system, EPIC 21223532 has a period of 68.2 min and is not eclipsing, but does show a large reflection effect due to the irradiation of the brown dwarf by the white dwarf primary. Spectra show hydrogen, magnesium and calcium emission features from the brown dwarf's irradiated hemisphere, and the mass indicates the spectral type is likely to be L3. Despite having a period substantially lower than the cataclysmic variable period minimum, this system is likely a pre-cataclysmic binary, recently emerged from the common-envelope. These systems are rare, but provide limits on the lowest mass object that can survive common envelope evolution, and information about the evolution of white dwarf progenitors, and post-common envelope evolution