139 research outputs found
The singapore convention and the international commercial mediation agreements
The Singapore Convention on International Settlement Agreements resulting from mediation represents a milestone in the determined promotion of this dispute resolution mechanism and puts an end to the absence of a harmonized legal framework to regulate this issue. The most significant advance is that it gives a new legal status to the agreements resulting from international commercial mediation, which become directly enforceable in all the States that ratify the Convention. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the key issues of the Singapore Convention, highlighting its lights and shadows, and assess what repercussions the adherence to said normative instrument would have on the Spanish legal system. © 2021 Asociacion Espanola de Profesores de Derecho internacional y Relaciones internacionales. All rights reserved.harmonized legal framework to regulate this issue. The most significant advance is that it gives a new legal status to the agreements resulting from international commercial mediation, which become directly enforceable in all the States that ratify the Convention. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the key issues of the Singapore Convention, highlighting its lights and shadows, and assess what repercussions the adherence to said normative instrument would have on the Spanish legal system
Frecuencia del consumo de drogas legales: Diferencias de edad en la adolescencia
El consumo de drogas es especialmente relevante por sus efectos negativos sobre la salud psicofĂsica y el funcionamiento social de los jĂłvenes. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias de edad respecto a las frecuencias de consumo de alcohol y tabaco en una muestra de 354 escolares (50.85% varones) de 12 a 18 años (M = 14.66; DT = 1.08) que cumplimentaron el Questionnarie about Consume of Alcohol and Tobacco (TNT). Los resultados muestran que el 82.4% de los adolescentes ha consumido bebidas alcohĂłlicas en alguna ocasiĂłn y el 25.6% es consumidor actualmente. Respecto al consumo de tabaco, el 40.4% de estudiantes afirma haber fumado en alguna ocasiĂłn, siendo consumidores actuales el 8.2%. Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias estadĂsticamente significativas entre la adolescencia temprana y tardĂa, observándose un aumento sustancial del consumo actual de ambas sustancias con la edad. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de la variable edad a la hora de planificar medidas preventivas y de promociĂłn de la salud en poblaciĂłn adolescente
Postural evaluation and balance analysis in nordic skiing beginners
Se trata de un estudio de diseño transversal con evaluación del control
postural antes-después de un curso de iniciación al esquà nórdico (5 jornadas,
6h/dĂa), a un grupo experimental de 25 sujetos, participantes de la formaciĂłn, y
un grupo control de 8 sujetos. Se pretende evaluar el efecto de un entrenamiento
inicial de esquĂ nĂłrdico sobre el control postural en jĂłvenes deportistas. La
estabilidad corporal se evaluó por medio de un test estabilométrico, calculando
el área de desviación del centro de presiones por medio de una plataforma de
fuerzas con sensores electrĂłnicos. No se aprecian diferencias significativas en
el grado de mejora del equilibrio entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control.
Nuevos estudios con una mayor exigencia en la formaciĂłn en esquĂ nĂłrdico y un
mayor nĂşmero de sujetos en el grupo control son requeridosCross-sectional study with evaluation of postural control before and after a
course of initiation to Nordic skiing (5 days, 6 hours per day). The sample
consisted of an experimental group of 25 subjects participated in the training
and a control group of 8 subjects. It is intended to evaluate the effect of initial
training of Nordic skiing on postural control in young athletes. The physical
stability was evaluated by a stabilometric test, calculating the deviation of the
area of the center of pressures by the use of a force platform with electronic
sensors. No significant differences were observed in the degree of improvement
of the balance between the experimental group and the control group. New
studies with a greater emphasis on training in Nordic skiing and a greater
number of subjects in the control group are require
Calidad del agua residual urbana depurada para su uso en riego. Experimento de invernadero
El agua residual urbana depurada proveniente de la planta depuradora de
argiva (Granada) puede ser utilizada, sin restricciones, para el riego de la
mayorĂa de los cultivos, ya que su contenido en sales, elementos tĂłxicos y
sĂłlidos en suspensiĂłn es escaso. Su aporte, en un experimento de invernadero,
ál sistema suelo-planta provocó un aumento de la conductivdad del extracto
de saturaciĂłn del suelo y de los niveles de Na y B en suelo y planta, aunque
ellos no resultaron perjudiciales para un cultivo de tomate.Reclaimed municipal wastewater from the argiva treatment plant can be used,
without restrictions, for agricultural irrigation, because of its low concentracion of salts, toxic elements and suspended solids. Its application to the
soil-plant system in a greenhouse experiment increased electrical conductivity
of the saturated extract of the soil, and levels of Na and B in soil anct plant
However, no adverse effect was observed in a tomato crop
Calidad del agua residual urbana depurada para su uso en riego. Experimento de invernadero
Reclaimed municipal wastewater from the argiva treatment plant can be used, without restrictions, for agricultural irrigation, because of its low concentracion of salts, toxic elements and suspended solids. Its application to the soil-plant system in a greenhouse experiment increased electrical conductivity of the saturated extract of the soil, and levels of Na and B in soil anct plant. However, no adverse effect was observed in a tomato crop.El agua residual urbana depurada proveniente de la planta depuradora de Ă“rgiva (Granada) puede ser utilizada, sin restricciones, para el riego de la mayorĂa de los cultivos, ya que su contenido en sales, elementos tĂłxicos y sĂłlidos en suspensiĂłn es escaso. Su aporte, en un experimento de invernadero, al sistema suelo-planta provocĂł un aumento de la conductivdad del extracto de saturaciĂłn del suelo y de los niveles de Na y B en suelo y planta, aunque ellos no resultaron perjudiciales para un cultivo de tomate
Mobility assessment in people with Alzheimer disease using smartphone sensors
[EN] Background Understanding the functional status of people with Alzheimer Disease (AD), both in a single (ST) and cognitive dual task (DT) activities is essential for identifying signs of early-stage neurodegeneration. This study aims to compare the performance quality of several tasks using sensors embedded in an Android device, among people at different stages of Alzheimer and people without dementia. The secondary aim is to analyze the effect of cognitive task performance on mobility tasks. Methods This is a cross-sectional study including 22 participants in the control group (CG), 18 in the group with mild AD and 22 in the group with moderate AD. They performed two mobility tests, under ST and DT conditions, which were registered using an Android device. Postural control was measured by medial-lateral and anterior-posterior displacements of the COM (MLDisp and APDisp, respectively) and gait, with the vertical and medial-lateral range of the COM (Vrange and MLrange). Further, the sit-to-stand (PStand) and turning and sit power (PTurnSit), the total time required to complete the test and the reaction time were measured. Results There were no differences between the two AD stages either for ST or DT in any of the variables (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, people at both stages showed significantly lower values of PStand and PTurnSit and larger Total time and Reaction time compared to CG (p < 0.05). Further, Vrange is also lower in CDR1G than in CG (p < 0.05). The DT had a significant deleterious effect on MLDisp in all groups (p < 0.05) and on APDisp only in moderate AD for DT. Conclusions Our findings indicate that AD patients present impairments in some key functional abilities, such as gait, turning and sitting, sit to stand, and reaction time, both in mild and moderate AD. 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Empirical Evidence of Stakeholder Management in Sports Clubs: The Impact of the Board of Directors
A major challenge for non-profit sports organizations is how to raise resources from their stakeholders. The present article empirically assesses how the management of stakeholders can affect the resources raised by non-profit sports organizations. The moderating effect of particular characteristics of the Board of Directors is also considered. Evidence is obtained by surveying a large sample of sports clubs from Catalonia, Spain. Results indicate how the quality of relations between sports clubs and their external stakeholders relate positively to the financial and non-financial contributions of stakeholders. A club's financial resources are also positively linked to the amount of time its Board of Directors is willing to invest. Our results represent a major contribution to the management of sports clubs, demonstrating that sports organizations should prioritize the management of their external stakeholders
PTEN Mediates the Antioxidant Effect of Resveratrol at Nutritionally Relevant Concentrations
Introduction. Antioxidant properties of resveratrol have been intensively studied for the last years, both in vivo and in vitro. Its bioavailability after an oral dose is very low and therefore it is very important to make sure that plasma concentrations of free resveratrol are sufficient enough to be active as antioxidant. Aims. In the present study, using nutritionally relevant concentrations of resveratrol, we aim to confirm its antioxidant capacity on reducing peroxide levels and look for the molecular pathway involved in this antioxidant effect. Methods. We used mammary gland tumor cells (MCF-7), which were pretreated with different concentrations of resveratrol for 48 h, and/or a PTEN inhibitor (bpV: bipy). Hydrogen peroxide levels were determined by fluorimetry, PTEN levels and Akt phosphorylation by Western Blotting, and mRNA expression of antioxidant genes by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. Resveratrol treatment for 48 h lowered peroxide levels in MCF-7, even at low nutritional concentrations (1 nM). This effect was mediated by the activation of PTEN/Akt pathway, which resulted in an upregulation of catalase and MnSOD mRNA levels. Conclusion. Resveratrol acts as an antioxidant at nutritionally relevant concentrations by inducing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, through a mechanism involving PTEN/Akt signaling pathway
Análisis de Invarianza y Diferencias de Medias Latentes Entre Adolescentes Americanos, Españoles y Chinos Usando la Escala de Ansiedad Social para Adolescentes (SAS-A)
Background: Social anxiety is one of the most prevalent disorders among adolescents (Stein et al., 2017). The main aim of this study was to analyze the equivalence of scores on the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) using structural equation modeling and identify differences in latent means of social anxiety in China, Spain, and the USA. Method: Random sampling was used to recruit participants, which included 536 Chinese (46% girls), 1,178 Spanish (55.3% girls) and 866 North American (55.1% girls) adolescents. The participants’ ages ranged between 14 and 17 years old. Results: The SAS-A three-factor correlated model of social anxiety remained invariant between the Spanish and North American adolescents, but results could not be replicated in the Chinese adolescents [M2 = ΔS-Bχ2 (Δdf, p) = 4732.56 (36, < .01)]. Analyses of latent differences between Spain and the USA showed that Spanish adolescents had higher scores than North Americans for Fear of Negative Evaluation (TS = -9.630; d = .44) and for Social Avoidance and General Anxiety towards people (TS = -2.717; d = .12). Conclusions: The results are interpreted according to the cultural traits of individualism-collectivism and self-construal, and practical implications are discussed.Antecedentes: la ansiedad social es uno de los trastornos con mayor prevalencia en adolescentes (Stein et al., 2017). AsĂ, el propĂłsito principal de este estudio fue analizar la invarianza de la Escala de Ansiedad Social para Adolescentes (SAS-A) mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y examinar las diferencias de medias latentes en ansiedad social en adolescentes de China, España y EE.UU. MĂ©todo: los participantes se seleccionaron a travĂ©s de muestreo aleatorio: 534 chinos (46% chicas), 1.178 españoles (55,3% chicas) y 866 norteamericanos (55,1% chicas), con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 17 años. Resultados: las puntuaciones del modelo de tres factores correlacionados de ansiedad social de la SAS-A resultaron invariantes entre adolescentes españoles y norteamericanos, pero estos resultados no fueron replicados en adolescentes chinos [M2 = ΔS-Bχ2 (Δdf, p) = 4732.56 (36, < .01)]. El análisis de medias latentes entre España y EE.UU. mostrĂł que los adolescentes españoles manifestaban niveles más altos de Miedo ante las evaluaciones negativas (TS = -9.630; d = .44) y EvitaciĂłn social y ansiedad general hacia las personas (TS = -2.717; d = .12). Conclusiones: estos hallazgos fueron interpretados atendiendo al de individualismo-colectivismo y las concepciones culturales de la propia persona, analizando sus implicaciones prácticas
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