Ariadne's Thread - A multi-disciplinary and inter institutional action research to overcoming the handicap related to X fragile Syndrome.

Il seguente lavoro di tesi verte sulla ricerca-azione formazione triennale “Il Filo di Arianna” realizzata in convenzione tra Associazione Italiana Sindrome X Fragile e Dipartimento Di Scienze dell’Educazione – Università di Bologna, finalizzata alla superamento degli handicap che la X fragile propone. La ricerca ha un fuoco in Pedagogia Speciale e un carattere multidisciplinare e inter istituzionale grazie alla sinergia con l’area neuroriabilitativa (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Pisana di Roma) e l’area della Psicologia Clinica (Ospedale Bambin Gesù di Roma). Il lavoro di tesi descrive il percorso per giungere alle linee guida di intervento scaturite dalla ricerca, per il potenziamento cognitivo ed affettivo di bambini e persone con x fragile nei contesti di casa, scuola e tempo libero.The thesis focuses on the three-year action research named "Ariadne's Thread" organized by the agreement between Associazione Italiana Sindrome X Fragile and the Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Educazione of the University of Bologna. The main target of the research, focus on "Pedagogia Speciale" (Special Pedagogy and Didactics of Integration), is the overcoming of the handicap related to X fragile Syndrome. It has a multi-disciplinary and inter-institutional character thanks to the synergy with the neurorehabilitation area(Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Pisana di Roma) and the area of Clinical Psychology (Ospedale Bambin Gesù di Roma). The final project analyses the path to reach the guidelines for the cognitive and affective enhancement of X fragile children and people at home, school and during spare time

La pedagogia special nella sua azione educativa in contesti di inclusione

Risulta fondamentale definire chiaramente le parole e i concetti che si utilizzano quando si vogliono confrontare dei dati e mettere in atto un lavoro di ricerca-azione-formazione affinché i risultati e le verifiche siano comparabili. Un definire che non ha una necessità puramente nominalistica, ma utile e funzionale sia per orientare le ipotesi e le pratiche sia per poterle verificare in una dimensione comparativa. La definizione inoltre non va considerata come un dato assoluto ma va utilizzata solo e soltanto in relazione alla convenzione che un determinato gruppo decide in un sistema rigoroso come quello della ricerca e pertanto è suscettibile a permanenti modifiche concordate nell’itinerario del protocollo che si va via definendo nell’itinerario di ricerca-formazione-azione. La definizione quindi propone riferimenti non dogmatici, ma dinamici e flessibili, e rappresenta la sintassi e la grammatica di riferimento comune che nasce da ed in funzione di una cooperazione di più persone per il raggiungimento di un obiettivo condiviso all’interno di un sistema. Nel nostro caso intendo definire la particolarità della ricerca-formazione-azione (1) in relazione al raggiungimento di obiettivi circa l’autonomia e l’indipendenza di persone con necessità speciali (2)

A Dietary Intervention of Bioactive Enriched Foods Aimed at Adults at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Protocol and Results from PATHWAY-27 Pilot Study

Around a quarter of the global adult population have metabolic syndrome (MetS) and therefore increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and diabetes. Docosahexaenoic acid, oat beta-glucan and grape anthocyanins have been shown to be effective in reducing MetS risk factors when administered as isolated compounds, but their effect when administered as bioactive-enriched foods has not been evaluated. Objective: The overall aim of the PATHWAY-27 project was to evaluate the effectiveness of bioactive-enriched food consumption on improving risk factors of MetS. A pilot study was conducted to assess which of five bioactive combinations provided within three different food matrices (bakery, dairy or egg) were the most effective in adult volunteers. The trial also evaluated the feasibility of production, consumer acceptability and gastrointestinal tolerance of the bioactive-enriched food. Method: The study included three monocentric, parallel-arm, double-blind, randomised, dietary intervention trials without a placebo. Each recruiting centre tested the five bioactive combinations within a single food matrix. Results: The study was completed by 167 participants (74 male, 93 female). The results indicated that specific bioactive/matrix combinations have effects on serum triglyceride or HDL-cholesterol level without adverse effects. Conclusion: The study evidenced that bioactive-enriched food offers a promising food-based strategy for MetS prevention, and highlighted the importance of conducting pilot studies

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

Increasing frailty is associated with higher prevalence and reduced recognition of delirium in older hospitalised inpatients: results of a multi-centre study

Purpose: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder delineated by an acute change in cognition, attention, and consciousness. It is common, particularly in older adults, but poorly recognised. Frailty is the accumulation of deficits conferring an increased risk of adverse outcomes. We set out to determine how severity of frailty, as measured using the CFS, affected delirium rates, and recognition in hospitalised older people in the United Kingdom. Methods: Adults over 65 years were included in an observational multi-centre audit across UK hospitals, two prospective rounds, and one retrospective note review. Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), delirium status, and 30-day outcomes were recorded. Results: The overall prevalence of delirium was 16.3% (483). Patients with delirium were more frail than patients without delirium (median CFS 6 vs 4). The risk of delirium was greater with increasing frailty [OR 2.9 (1.8–4.6) in CFS 4 vs 1–3; OR 12.4 (6.2–24.5) in CFS 8 vs 1–3]. Higher CFS was associated with reduced recognition of delirium (OR of 0.7 (0.3–1.9) in CFS 4 compared to 0.2 (0.1–0.7) in CFS 8). These risks were both independent of age and dementia. Conclusion: We have demonstrated an incremental increase in risk of delirium with increasing frailty. This has important clinical implications, suggesting that frailty may provide a more nuanced measure of vulnerability to delirium and poor outcomes. However, the most frail patients are least likely to have their delirium diagnosed and there is a significant lack of research into the underlying pathophysiology of both of these common geriatric syndromes

Revista de educación inclusiva

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónTítulo, resumen y palabras clave en español y en inglésSe cuestionan y revisan las experiencias, los contextos y las situaciones, las maneras de enseñar, etc. La investigación de las experiencias educativas ha de hacerse desde una orientación didáctica, basada en sus tres grandes orientaciones, emergiendo desde ellas los prejuicios que muchas veces encuentran en las vivencias discente-docente. Una intervención pedagógica inclusiva no se puede centrar en la cantidad de conocimientos sino que ha de proponer autonomías para actuar en el saber.ES

The special pedagogy in its educational work in contexts of integration

Risulta fondamentale definire chiaramente le parole e i concetti che si utilizzano quando si vogliono confrontare dei dati e mettere in atto un lavoro di ricerca-azione-formazione affinché i risultati e le verifiche siano comparabili. Un definire che non ha una necessità puramente nominalistica, ma utile e funzionale sia per orientare le ipotesi e le pratiche sia per poterle verificare in una dimensione comparativa.La definizione inoltre non va considerata come un dato assoluto ma va utilizzata solo e soltanto in relazione alla convenzione che un determinato gruppo decide in un sistema rigoroso come quello della ricerca e pertanto è suscettibile a permanenti modifiche concordate nell’itinerario del protocollo che si va via definendo nell’itinerario di ricerca-formazione-azione. La definizione quindi propone riferimenti non dogmatici, ma dinamici e flessibili, e rappresenta la sintassi e la grammatica di riferimento comune che nasce da ed in funzione di una cooperazione di più persone per il raggiungimento di un obiettivo condiviso all’interno di un sistema.Nel nostro caso intendo definire la particolarità della ricerca-formazione-azione (1) in relazione al raggiungimento di obiettivi circa l’autonomia e l’indipendenza di persone con necessità speciali (2).It results as crucial to define clearly the words and concepts used in case of data comparations and implementation of an action-formation-research to ensure that the results are comparable. A definition that do not has a purely nominalistic need, but is an useful and practical guide for both the assumptions and praxes and to verify them in a comparative dimension.The definition also should not be taken as an ultimate data, but should be used only in relation to the agreement that a particular group takes decisions in a rigorous system of research and therefore is susceptible to permanent changes agreed in the itinerary of the protocol, that is going to be defined in the itinerary of the action-formation-research.The definition therefore proposes a non dogmatic, but dinamic and flexible reference, and represents the syntax and grammar of common references that are created by and in accordance with a cooperation of several people in order to achieve a shared goal at the intern of a system.This work is intended to define particularities of the action-formation-research (1) in relation to the achievement of objectives of autonomy and independence of people with special needs (2)