ANALYSIS OF PRODUCER BEHAVIOR IN THE CREATIVE HAIR CRAFT INDUSTRY IN PURBALINGGA DUE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The creative hair craft industry is a famous product in Purbalingga Regency. Its performance has already declined during the Covid-19 pandemic, like other businesses in general. The aim of this research was to analyze the microeconomic field of this creative industry, namely the perspective of producer behavior. The method used in this research was profitability and efficiency analysis. Based on purposive random sampling, 96 respondents from hair craft entrepreneurs were taken as samples. The research found that: (1) Under normal conditions, on average a hair craft entrepreneur could earn IDR 5 million per month, in fact, one of them was able to achieve the highest profit of IDR 25 million, and the lowest was IDR 500 thousand. Conversely, when the pandemic, on average each entrepreneur dropped to a loss of IDR300 thousand per month, whereas there were entrepreneurs who could still earn a profit of IDR 4.5 million but had a loss of IDR 400 thousand; (2) Under normal conditions, the average R/C ratio showed 1.6, meaning that the revenues could cover the costs. Contrarily, during the pandemic, the average R/C ratio showed 0.96, lower than 1, meaning that there were not enough revenues to cover the costs (inefficiency). Therefore, this research found that the pandemic had an impact on disrupting the behavior of hair craft entrepreneurs, especially on the production side. Hence, it needs full support to restore its performance from various parties, namely local government, investors, banking, social media, local communities, etc. Thus, this local industry continues to exist as a leading one

Sensitivity Analysis of Average Inventory Level (AIL) at a Specialized Hospital

. Hospital inventory management play a very significant role in hospital's performance. Too much inventory wiil lead to excessive inventory cost but too low inventory might result in dissatisfactions of patiens and lack of performance of physicians or doctors. Economic order Quantity (EOQ) is an inventory control method that can help hospital to minimize total inventort cost. However, managers might find difficulties in deterimining the right amount of ordering and holding cost which are needed in calculating EOQ. This research is a case study from a class “A” specialized hospital. Inventory data of pharmaceutical items are calculated to measure the sensitivity of changes in ordering and holding cost to average inventory level which will lead to understock or overstock. Different ordering cost and holding cost will lead to different proportion of overstock and understock but will not give a significant differences. This research recommend EOQ model to be used in hospital inventory management inspite of the difficulty and hesitation of hospitals to estimate ordering and holding cost

Holding blame at bay? ‘Gene talk’ in family members’ accounts of schizophrenia aetiology

We provide the first detailed analysis of how, for what purposes and with what consequences people related to someone with a diagnosis of schizophrenia use ‘gene talk'. The article analyses findings from a qualitative interview study conducted in London and involving 19 participants (mostly women). We transcribed the interviews verbatim and analysed them using grounded theory methods. We analyse how and for what purposes participants mobilized ‘gene talk' in their affectively freighted encounter with an unknown interviewer. Gene talk served to (re)position blame and guilt, and was simultaneously used imaginatively to forge family history narratives. Family members used ‘gene talk' to recruit forebears with no psychiatric diagnosis into a family history of mental illness, and presented the origins of the diagnosed family member's schizophrenia as lying temporally before, and hence beyond the agency of the immediate family. Gene talk was also used in attempts to dislodge the distressing figure of the schizophrenia-inducing mother. ‘Gene talk', however, ultimately displaced, rather than resolved, the (self-)blame of many family members, particularly mothers. Our article challenges the commonly expressed view that genetic accounts will absolve family members' sense of (self-)blame in relation to their relative's/relatives' diagnosis

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Capnografia volumétrica como meio de detectar obstrução pulmonar periférica precoce em pacientes com fibrose cística

OBJETIVO: Comparar a espirometria e a capnografia volumétrica (CapV) para determinar se os valores amostrados pela capnografia acrescentam informações sobre doenças pulmonares precoces em pacientes com fibrose cística (FC). MÉTODOS: Este foi um estudo do tipo corte transversal envolvendo pacientes com FC: Grupo I (42 pacientes, 6-12 anos de idade) e Grupo II (22 pacientes, 13-20 anos de idade). Os grupos controle correspondentes eram formados por 30 e 50 indivíduos saudáveis, respectivamente. A capacidade vital forçada (CVF), o volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e a relação VEF1/CVF foram determinados pela espirometria. Através da CapV, medimos a saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), a frequência respiratória (FR), o tempo inspiratório (TI), o tempo expiratório (TE) e o slope da fase III normalizado pelo volume corrente (slope da fase III/Vc). RESULTADOS: Em comparação com os grupos controle, todos os pacientes com FC apresentaram valores de slope da fase III/Vc (p < 0,001) mais altos independentemente do estágio de doença pulmonar. O slope da fase III/Vc foi significantemente mais alto nos 24 pacientes que tiveram resultados normais de espirometria (p = 0,018). Os pacientes do Grupo II apresentaram valores de CVF, VEF1, VEF1/CVF (p < 0,05) e SpO2 (p < 0,001) mais baixos que os pacientes do Grupo I. Os pacientes do Grupo II, comparados com os do Grupo Controle II, apresentaram FR (p < 0,001) mais alta e valores de TI e TE (p < 0,001) mais baixos. CONCLUSÕES: Todos os pacientes com FC mostraram ter valores mais altos de slope da fase III/Vc quando comparados com os pacientes dos grupos controle. A CapV identificou a heterogeneidade da distribuição da ventilação nas vias aéreas periféricas dos pacientes com FC que apresentaram espirometria normal

Capnografia volumétrica como meio de detectar obstrução pulmonar periférica precoce em pacientes com fibrose cística Volumetric capnography as a tool to detect early peripheric lung obstruction in cystic fibrosis patients

OBJETIVO: Comparar a espirometria e a capnografia volumétrica (CapV) para determinar se os valores amostrados pela capnografia acrescentam informações sobre doenças pulmonares precoces em pacientes com fibrose cística (FC). MÉTODOS: Este foi um estudo do tipo corte transversal envolvendo pacientes com FC: Grupo I (42 pacientes, 6-12 anos de idade) e Grupo II (22 pacientes, 13-20 anos de idade). Os grupos controle correspondentes eram formados por 30 e 50 indivíduos saudáveis, respectivamente. A capacidade vital forçada (CVF), o volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e a relação VEF1/CVF foram determinados pela espirometria. Através da CapV, medimos a saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), a frequência respiratória (FR), o tempo inspiratório (TI), o tempo expiratório (TE) e o slope da fase III normalizado pelo volume corrente (slope da fase III/Vc). RESULTADOS: Em comparação com os grupos controle, todos os pacientes com FC apresentaram valores de slope da fase III/Vc (p < 0,001) mais altos independentemente do estágio de doença pulmonar. O slope da fase III/Vc foi significantemente mais alto nos 24 pacientes que tiveram resultados normais de espirometria (p = 0,018). Os pacientes do Grupo II apresentaram valores de CVF, VEF1, VEF1/CVF (p < 0,05) e SpO2 (p < 0,001) mais baixos que os pacientes do Grupo I. Os pacientes do Grupo II, comparados com os do Grupo Controle II, apresentaram FR (p < 0,001) mais alta e valores de TI e TE (p < 0,001) mais baixos. CONCLUSÕES: Todos os pacientes com FC mostraram ter valores mais altos de slope da fase III/Vc quando comparados com os pacientes dos grupos controle. A CapV identificou a heterogeneidade da distribuição da ventilação nas vias aéreas periféricas dos pacientes com FC que apresentaram espirometria normal.<br>OBJECTIVE: To compare spirometry and volumetric capnography (VCap) to determine if the capnographic values add more information about early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving CF patients: Group I (42 patients, 6-12 years of age); and Group II (22 patients, 13-20 years of age). The corresponding control groups were comprised of 30 and 50 healthy subjects, respectively. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio was determined by spirometry. Using VCap, we measured peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR), inspiratory time (IT), expiratory time (ET), and the phase III slope normalized by expiratory volume (phase III slope/Ve). RESULTS: In comparison with control groups, all CF patients presented higher phase III slope/Ve values (p < 0.001) independent of the pulmonary disease stage. The phase III slope/Ve was significantly higher in the 24 patients who presented normal spirometry results (p = 0.018). The Group II patients showed lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC (p < 0.05), and also lower SpO2 values (p < 0.001) when compared with Group I patients. In comparison with Control Group II, the Group II patients presented higher RR (p < 0.001), and lower IT and ET values (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the controls, all studied CF patients showed an increase in phase III slope/Ve values. VCap identified the heterogeneity of the ventilation distribution in the peripheral airways of CF patients who presented normal spirometry