Preference for Exercise vs. More Sedentary Reinforcers: Validation of an Animal Model of Tetrabenazine-Induced Anergia

Physical activities can have intrinsic motivational or reinforcing properties. The choice to engage in voluntary physical activity is undertaken in relation to the selection of other alternatives, such as sedentary behaviors, drugs, or food intake. The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system plays a critical role in behavioral activation or exertion of effort, and DA antagonism or depletion induces anergia in effort-based decision-making tasks. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying the decision-making processes that establish preferences for sedentary vs. activity-based reinforcers. In the present work with male CD1 mice, we evaluated the effect of tetrabenazine (TBZ), a DA-depleting agent, on a three-choice T-maze task developed to assess preference between reinforcers with different behavioral activation requirements and sensory properties [i.e., a running wheel (RW) vs. sweet pellets or a neutral nonsocial odor]. We also studied the effects of TBZ on the forced swim test (FST), which measures climbing and swimming in a stressful setting, and on anxiety tests [dark-light (DL) box and elevated plus maze (EPM)]. In the three-choice task, TBZ reduced time running in the wheel but increased time spent consuming sucrose, thus indicating reduced activation but relatively intact sucrose reinforcement. The effect of TBZ was not mimicked by motivational manipulations that change the value of the reinforcers, such as making the RW aversive or harder to move, food-restricting the animals, inducing a binge-like eating pattern, or introducing social odors. In the FST, TBZ decreased time climbing (most active behavior) and increased immobility but did not affect anxiety in the DL or EPM. These results indicate that the three-choice T-maze task could be useful for assessing DA modulation of preferences for exercise based on activation and effort requirements, differentiating those effects from changes in preference produced by altering physical requirements, food restriction state, and stress during testing

Physical Education through a joint curriculum in secondary schools

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónLa Educación Física ha de adoptar un papel principal en la sociedad del bienestar, del tiempo libre y del ocio. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de diversos estudios a nivel europeo y norteamericano, en relación a la Educación Física recibida por parte de los escolares, se plantea un proyecto con el objetivo principal de diseñar un currículum común del área de Educación Física entre los distintos centros de la zona de Almería, teniendo en cuenta la variedad y novedad de los contenidos a plantear en clase, intentando alejarse de los que tradicionalmente han predominado en las sesiones de Educación Física. Se espera que un mayor y amplio número de experiencias, que parten de los intereses del alumnado, tenga unos efectos positivos en la actitud y motivación de los mismos, tanto en las clases como en un impacto positivo en la adhesión a la actividad física a lo largo de toda su vida.AndalucíaES

A novel role for the tumor suppressor gene itf2 in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy response

Despite often leading to platinum resistance, platinum-based chemotherapy continues to be the standard treatment for many epithelial tumors. In this study we analyzed and validated the cytogenetic alterations that arise after treatment in four lung and ovarian paired cisplatin-sensitive/resistant cell lines by 1-million microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and qRT-PCR methodologies. RNA-sequencing, functional transfection assays, and gene-pathway activity analysis were used to identify genes with a potential role in the development of this malignancy. The results were further explored in 55 lung and ovarian primary tumors and control samples, and in two extensive in silico databases. Long-term cell exposure to platinum induces the frequent deletion of ITF2 gene. Its expression re-sensitized tumor cells to platinum and recovered the levels of Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional activity. ITF2 expression was also frequently downregulated in epithelial tumors, predicting a worse overall survival. We also identified an inverse correlation between ITF2 and HOXD9 expression, revealing that Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with lower expression of HOXD9 had a better overall survival rate. We defined the implication of ITF2 as a molecular mechanism behind the development of cisplatin resistance probably through the activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway. This data highlights the possible role of ITF2 and HOXD9 as novel therapeutic targets for platinum resistant tumors.This research was funded by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI15/00186 and PI18/00050, CP19/00063, and CM19/00100 for HR and by MINECO, RTC-2016-5314-1 to I.I.C; by the MINECO, SAF2016-75531-R, by the CAM B2017/BMD-3724 and by the AECC GCB14142311CRES to P.S; and the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund FIS (FEDER/FSE, Una Manera de Hacer Europa)

Metodologías colaborativas a través de las tecnologías: hacia una evaluación equitativa.

Presentación de buenas prácticas metodológicas en el área de tecnología educativa, transferidas por el Grupo de investigación consolidado GTEA, Universidad de Málaga (SEJ-462

Comprehensive description of clinical characteristics of a large systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cohort from the Spanish Rheumatology Society Lupus Registry (RELESSER) with emphasis on complete versus incomplete lupus differences

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement and pronounced racial and ethnic heterogeneity. The aims of the present work were (1) to describe the cumulative clinical characteristics of those patients included in the Spanish Rheumatology Society SLE Registry (RELESSER), focusing on the differences between patients who fulfilled the 1997 ACR-SLE criteria versus those with less than 4 criteria (hereafter designated as incomplete SLE (iSLE)) and (2) to compare SLE patient characteristics with those documented in other multicentric SLE registries. RELESSER is a multicenter hospital-based registry, with a collection of data from a large, representative sample of adult patients with SLE (1997 ACR criteria) seen at Spanish rheumatology departments. The registry includes demographic data, comprehensive descriptions of clinical manifestations, as well as information about disease activity and severity, cumulative damage, comorbidities, treatments and mortality, using variables with highly standardized definitions. A total of 4.024 SLE patients (91% with ≥4 ACR criteria) were included. Ninety percent were women with a mean age at diagnosis of 35.4 years and a median duration of disease of 11.0 years. As expected, most SLE manifestations were more frequent in SLE patients than in iSLE ones and every one of the ACR criteria was also associated with SLE condition; this was particularly true of malar rash, oral ulcers and renal disorder. The analysis-adjusted by gender, age at diagnosis, and disease duration-revealed that higher disease activity, damage and SLE severity index are associated with SLE [OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08-1.20 (P < 0.001); 1.29; 95% CI: 1.15-1.44 (P < 0.001); and 2.10; 95% CI: 1.83-2.42 (P < 0.001), respectively]. These results support the hypothesis that iSLE behaves as a relative stable and mild disease. SLE patients from the RELESSER register do not appear to differ substantially from other Caucasian populations and although activity [median SELENA-SLEDA: 2 (IQ: 0-4)], damage [median SLICC/ACR/DI: 1 (IQ: 0-2)], and severity [median KATZ index: 2 (IQ: 1-3)] scores were low, 1 of every 4 deaths was due to SLE activity. RELESSER represents the largest European SLE registry established to date, providing comprehensive, reliable and updated information on SLE in the southern European population

Does Culture Shape Our Understanding of Others’ Thoughts and Emotions? An Investigation Across 12 Countries

Q2Q2Measures of social cognition have now become central in neuropsychology, being essential for early and differential diagnoses, follow-up, and rehabilitation in a wide range of conditions. With the scientific world becoming increasingly interconnected, international neuropsychological and medical collaborations are burgeoning to tackle the global challenges that are mental health conditions. These initiatives commonly merge data across a diversity of populations and countries, while ignoring their specificity. Objective: In this context, we aimed to estimate the influence of participants’ nationality on social cognition evaluation. This issue is of particular importance as most cognitive tasks are developed in highly specific contexts, not representative of that encountered by the world’s population. Method: Through a large international study across 18 sites, neuropsychologists assessed core aspects of social cognition in 587 participants from 12 countries using traditional and widely used tasks. Results: Age, gender, and education were found to impact measures of mentalizing and emotion recognition. After controlling for these factors, differences between countries accounted for more than 20% of the variance on both measures. Importantly, it was possible to isolate participants’ nationality from potential translation issues, which classically constitute a major limitation. Conclusions: Overall, these findings highlight the need for important methodological shifts to better represent social cognition in both fundamental research and clinical practice, especially within emerging international networks and consortia.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9422-3579https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-7077Revista Internacional - IndexadaA2N

ASOCIATIVIDAD PARA LA COMPETITIVIDAD EN LA AGROINDUSTRIA DE OAXACA, MÉXICO

Faced with the process of globalization and the challenges proposed is necessary to promote processes that generate inter associability (organizations - institutions), where it generates an organized effort and the adoption of new organizational models that encourage flexibility and operational decentralization, favoring units building strategic business performance, and where class actions are prioritized on individuals through the creation of networks that promote business promotion (Associability). Are known Latin successful experiences partnerships as a strategy to achieve business competitiveness has become the strategy used by companies from various Latin American countries, such as Peru, Venezuela, Colombia, Argentina, becoming a hallmark for growth, market share, profitability and productivity and promoting the link between the production system and the participation and interaction between the various actors in the production. Framed in that context, this paper presents research product associativity and Competitiveness in Food Technology in Oaxaca, Mexico, whose purpose is to design a model for Food Technology, for which necessary documentary descriptive analysis to characterize the elements associativity condition in the micro, small and medium agro food sector, and its use as a strategy to be competitive MSMEs and to make the decisive contribution to food security. Since food agribusiness is driving the development and welfare of a significant segment of the state population, involving the transformation of raw materials derived from agriculture, and that makes it a rewarding industry and employment generator. Document is presented in the tables on the agro-food industry, the methodology used for the structure of the model, the theories used and the conclusions of the study

El Palacio de Hernando Colón : arqueología de la arquitectura en el patio de San Laureano (Sevilla)

Los trabajos arqueológicos realizados en el Patio de San Laureano (Sevilla) han permitido reconstruir la morfología del palacio renacentista de Hernando Colón, así como su destrucción final y casi total por una de las inundaciones que azotaron Sevilla a principios del siglo XVII, a través de la Arqueología de la Arquitectura

Intervención Arqueológica en el Patio de San Laureano de Sevilla (Fase I)

Español: Los trabajos arqueológicos realizados durante la Primera Fase de Actuación en el Patio de San Laureano se han centrado en el análisis paramental de la edificación a través de la Arqueología de la Arquitectura, lo que nos ha permitido el reconocimiento y la reconstrucción tanto del palacio renacentista de Hernando Colón, como del proyecto de edificación del Colegio Mercedario de San Laureano, así como las obras realizadas por el General Lara para la construcción de un Cuartel de Intendencia. Inglés: The archaeological work carried out at Patio de San Laureano, during the first stage of the project, has focused on the analysis of the building´s fabric using methods from Archaeology of Architecture. By these means, the Renaissance palace of Hernando Colon (Ferdinand Columbus) has been traced and reconstructed, likewise the building structure of the Mercedario School of San Laureano an the service corps barracks built by Gen. Lara