Análisis de los motivos para la participación en actividades físicas de personas con y sin discapacidad

Tradicionalmente, la actividad física adaptada ha sido utilizada para conseguir efectos terapéuticos y rehabilitadores en las personas con discapacidad. Actualmente, los educadores relacionados con la actividad física y deporte adaptado pretenden hacer ver a la sociedad en general que las personas con discapacidad pueden practicar actividades físicas y deportivas por las mismas motivaciones que las personas sin discapacidad. Para contribuir a este objetivo, y empleando como marco de referencia la teoría de las metas de logro, hemos analizado las motivaciones de una muestra de 80 personas con discapacidad funcional y otras 80 sin ningún tipo de discapacidad, todas ellas practicantes de actividades físico-deportivas. El instrumento de medida utilizado ha sido el Cuestionario de Motivos para la Participación de Brasile, Kleiber y Harnisch (1991). Los resultados indican que los deportistas con discapacidad están más orientados al ego que los deportistas sin discapacidad, y obtienen puntuaciones más elevadas en los factores de integración social y afectividad social, como motivos para sus prácticas físico-deportivas.Traditionally, adapted physical activity has been promoted for its physical and therapeutic effects on individuals with disabilities. Now, it could be assumed that people with disabilities derive the same satisfaction and benefit from sport participation as athletes without disabilities. However, there is little empirical evidence that relates specifically to the value of participation for athletes with disabilities and the motives for such participation. The sample for this study was comprised of 80 individuals with disabilities and 80 without disabilities. All of them participated in sport and physical activities. The instrument used in this study was the Participation Reasons Scale (PRS) by Brasile, Kleiber and Harnisch (1991). The results sowed that the athletes with disabilities were more ego involved than athletes without disabilities. On the other hand, athletes with disabilities scored higher in social integration incentives, and social affective incentives than athletes without disabilities, with respect to incentives for [email protected]

The influence of parents on achievement orientation and motivation for sport of adolescent athletes with and whithout disabilities

The purpose was three-fold. First, to analyze the psychometric properties of scales used. Second, to test the relationship among athletes’ perceptions of parents’ goal orientation and their own goal orientation and intrinsic motivation. Third, to compare athletes with and without disabilities with respect to the infuence of parents on athletes’ achievement orientation and motivation for sport. Participants were 173 amateur athletes (80 with disabilities, 93 without disabilities). Structural equation models revealed that for the athletes with disabilities, task orientation and the perceptions of parents’ task orientation were related to athletes’ interest-enjoyment and effort-importance. For the athletes without disabilities, ego orientations showed a negative relationship to interest-enjoyment and a positive relation to tension-pressure, and task orientation was related to interest-enjoyment,perceived competence and effort-importance

Comparison of PI Controllers Designed for the Delay Model of TCP/AQM Networks

Cataloged from PDF version of article.One of the major problems of communication networks is congestion. In order to address this problem in TCP/IP networks, Active Queue Management (AQM) scheme is recommended. AQM aims to minimize the congestion by regulating the average queue size at the routers. To improve upon AQM, recently, several feedback control approaches were proposed. Among these approaches, PI controllers are gaining attention because of their simplicity and ease of implementation. In this paper, by utilizing the fluid-flow model of TCP networks, we study the PI controllers designed for TCP/AQM. We compare these controllers by first analyzing their robustness and fragility. Then, we implement these controllers in ns-2 platform and conduct simulation experiments to compare their performances in terms of queue length. Taken together, our results provide a guideline for choosing a PI controller for AQM given specific performance requirements. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Propiedades de transmisión de electrones de Dirac a través de superredes Cantor en grafenoTransmission properties of Dirac electrons through Cantor monolayer graphene superlattices

In this work we use the transfer matrix method to studythe tunneling of Dirac electrons through aperiodic monolayer graphene superlattices. We consider a graphene sheet deposited on top of slabs of Silicon-Oxide (SiO2) and Silicon-Carbide (SiC) substrates, in which we applied the Cantor’s series. We calculatethe transmittance for different fundamental parameters such as: starting width, incident energy, incident angle and generation number of the Cantor’s series. In this case, the transmittance as function of energy presents self-similar features as a function of the generation number. We also compute the angular distribution of the transmittance for fixed energies finding a self-similar patterns between generations. Finally, we calculate the scaling factor for some transmittance spectra, which effectively show scalability.En este trabajo usamos el método de la matriz de transferencia para estudiar el tunelamiento de los electrones de Dirac a través de superredes aperiodicas en grafeno. Consideramosuna hoja de grafeno depositada encima de bloques de sustratos de Óxido de Silicio (SiO2) y Carburo de Silicio (SiC), en los cuales aplicamos la serie de Cantor. Calculamos la transmitancia para diferentes parámetros fundamentales tales como: ancho de partida, energía de incidencia, ángulo de incidencia y número de generación de la serie de Cantor. En este caso, la transmitancia como función de la energía presenta rasgos autosimilares al variar el número de generación. También computamos la distribución angular de la transmitancia para energías fijas econtrando un patrón autosimilar entre generaciones. Por último, calculamos los factores de escala para algunos espectros de la transmitancia, los cuales efectivamente muestran escalabilida

Predicción de la satisfacción y el rendimiento escolar: el compromiso como mediador

Introduction. Scholar academic results, both academic achievement and satisfaction with school, have been studied from different perspectives, given their implications in the design of educational policies. The aim of this study is to test two predictive structural models of academic achievement and school satisfaction. Method. These models pose school engagement as a mediator between the effects of Dominican students’ contextual and individual characteristics on the consequent academic results, in terms of school performance and satisfaction with school. In order to test these two models a sample of 1164 Dominican middle school students was used. The structural models were estimated in EQS 5.7. Results. Obtained results point out that school engagement is indeed an important mediator between the effects of contextual and personal variables at school and the academic results (achievement and satisfaction). Conclusion. These results may lead to reconsideration of school contexts where the quality of teaching, affective relationships between teachers and students and a socioemotional climate which favour mastery-oriented learning, take precedence. Thus, the results are discussed in relation to previous literature, limitations related to the cross-sectional nature of the study are highlighted, and future research directions suggested.Introducción. Los resultados académicos en la escuela, tanto el rendimiento como el sentimiento de satisfacción con ella, han sido estudiados desde diversas perspectivas, dadas sus implicaciones en el diseño de políticas educativas. El objetivo de este estudio es poner a prueba dos modelos estructurales predictivos, uno del rendimiento académico y el otro sobre la satisfacción con la escuela. Método. Estos modelos valoran importantes variables del contexto académico y posicionan el compromiso escolar del estudiante como un mediador de los efectos del contexto sobre las variables resultado. Para poner a prueba estos modelos se ha contado con una muestra de 1164 estudiantes de enseñanza media dominicanos. Los modelos estructurales se estimaron en EQS 5.7. Los resultados empíricos dan apoyo a ambos modelos predictivos; los productos obtenidos apuntan a que el compromiso escolar es un relevante intermediario de los efectos de las variables contextuales y del alumnado en sus logros académicos. Conclusiones. El fruto del trabajo da pie a concluir que hay que replantear el contexto escolar para primar la calidad de la instrucción, las relaciones afectivas entre los profesores y los alumnos, y un clima socioemocional que favorezca el aprendizaje orientado a la maestría. Así, se discuten los resultados obtenidos a la luz de la evidencia anterior y se sugieren también las limitaciones derivadas del carácter transversal del estudio así como las direcciones de cara a investigaciones futuras

On data reduction methods for volcanic tremor characterization: the 2012 eruption of Copahue volcano, Southern Andes

Improving the ability to detect and characterize long-duration volcanic tremor is crucial to understand the longterm dynamics and unrest of volcanic systems. We have applied data reduction methods (permutation entropy and polarization degree, among others) to characterize the seismic wave field near Copahue volcano (Southern Andes) between June 2012 and January 2013, when phreatomagmatic episodes occurred. During the selected period, a total of 52 long-duration events with energy above the background occurred. Among them, 32 were classified as volcanic tremors and the remaining as noise bursts. Characterizing each event by averaging its reduced parameters, allowed us to study the range of variability of the different events types. We found that, compared to noise burst, tremors have lower permutation entropies and higher dominant polarization degrees. This characterization is a suitable tool for detecting long-duration volcanic tremors in the ambient seismic wave field, even if the SNR is low.Project BRAVOSEIS of the Spanish Ministry of Science CTM2016.77315National University of Rio Negro PI40-A-54

Analysis of participation incentives in physical activities among people with and without disabilities

Tradicionalmente, la actividad física adaptada ha sido utilizada para conseguir efectos terapéuticos y rehabilitadores en las personas con discapacidad. Actualmente, los educadores relacionados con la actividad física y deporte adaptado pretenden hacer ver a la sociedad en general que las personas con discapacidad pueden practicar actividades físicas y deportivas por las mismas motivaciones que las personas sin discapacidad. Para contribuir a este objetivo, y empleando como marco de referencia la teoría de las metas de logro, hemos analizado las motivaciones de una muestra de 80 personas con discapacidad funcional y otras 80 sin ningún tipo de discapacidad, todas ellas practicantes de actividades físico-deportivas. El instrumento de medida utilizado ha sido el "Cuestionario de motivos para la participación" de Brasile, Kleiber y Harnisch (1991). Los resultados indican que los deportistas con discapacidad están más orientados al ego que los deportistas sin discapacidad, y obtienen puntuaciones más elevadas en los factores de integración social y afectividad social, como motivos para sus prácticas físico-deportivas

Characterization of non‑linear mechanical behavior of the cornea

The objective of this study was to evaluate which hyperelastic model could best describe the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the cornea, in order to characterize the capability of the non-linear model parameters to discriminate structural changes in a damaged cornea. Porcine corneas were used, establishing two diferent groups: control (non-treated) and NaOH-treated (damaged) corneas (n= 8). NaOH causes a chemical burn to the corneal tissue, simulating a disease associated to structural damage of the stromal layer. Quasi-static uniaxial tensile tests were performed in nasaltemporal direction immediately after preparing corneal strips from the two groups. Three non-linear hyperelastic models (i.e. Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model, Ogden model and Mooney-Rivlin model) were ftted to the stress–strain curves obtained in the tensile tests and statistically compared. The corneas from the two groups showed a non-linear mechanical behavior that was best described by the Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model, obtaining the highest coefcient of determination (R2 > 0.95). Moreover, Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model showed the highest discriminative capability of the nonlinear model parameter (Parameter A) for the tissue structural changes between the two sample groups (p= 0.0005). The present work determines the best hyperelastic model with the highest discriminative capability in description of the non-linear mechanical behavior of the cornea.Ministry of Education DPI2017-83859-R DPI2014-51870-R EQC2018004508-P UNGR15-CE-3664Ministry of Health - Turkey DTS15/00093Junta de Andalucia PI16/00339 PI-0107-2017 PIN-0030-201

Meridianins and Lignarenone B as Potential GSK3β Inhibitors and Inductors of Structural Neuronal Plasticity

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) is an essential protein, with a relevant role in many diseases such as diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Particularly, the isoform GSK3β is related to pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). This enzyme constitutes a very interesting target for the discovery and/or design of new therapeutic agents against AD due to its relation to the hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), and therefore, its contribution to neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) formation. An in silico target profiling study identified two marine molecular families, the indole alkaloids meridianins from the tunicate genus Aplidium, and lignarenones, the secondary metabolites of the shelled cephalaspidean mollusc Scaphander lignarius, as possible GSK3β inhibitors. The analysis of the surface of GSK3β, aimed to find possible binding regions, and the subsequent in silico binding studies revealed that both marine molecular families can act over the ATP and/or substrate binding regions. The predicted inhibitory potential of the molecules from these two chemical families was experimentally validated in vitro by showing a ~50% of increased Ser9 phosphorylation levels of the GSK3β protein. Furthermore, we determined that molecules from both molecular families potentiate structural neuronal plasticity in vitro. These results allow us to suggest that meridianins and lignarenone B could be used as possible therapeutic candidates for the treatment of GSK3β involved pathologies, such as AD

Reconstruction of the seasonal cycle of air–sea CO2 fluxes in the Strait of Gibraltar

The present study reports and discusses water surface fCO2 measurements from 36 cruises in the Strait of Gibraltar made over an eleven-year period (1997 to 2009). Underway measurements of sea surface CO2 fugacity (fCO2sw), sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) compiled during the cruises were analysed and integrated into a single database which provided the resolution/sensitivity required for an examination of the seasonal variability of the fCO2sw; these data allowed the reconstruction of the climatological seasonal cycle for the year 2005. The seasonal cycle of both SST and SSS was found to be within the range of the thermohaline signature of the North Atlantic Surface Water, which is the main water mass that flows into the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar at the surface. The seasonal distribution of fCO22005 was characterised by a monthly minimum value of 334 ± 12 μatm in May, followed by a gradual increase to a maximum of 385 μatm during late summer, due to the warming of surface waters. The spatial variability of fCO2sw observed in the area also indicated that superimposed phenomena, occurring at scales other than seasonal, could affect the dissolved CO2 distribution. In particular, intense vertical mixing processes generated by internal waves in this region may have an impact on the surface fCO2sw on a tidal scale. Seasonal CO2 cycle dynamics indicated that the surface waters of the Strait of Gibraltar acted as an atmospheric CO2 source during summer and autumn and a CO2 sink during winter and spring. When these sink/source strengths are integrated on an annual basis, the Strait of Gibraltar was close to equilibrium with atmospheric CO2, resulting in a neutral atmosphere-ocean exchange (− 0.06 ± 0.12 mol C m− 2 yr− 1).Funding for this work was provided by the CARBOOCEAN IP of the European Commission (511176GOCE) and by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Sciences through the Projects CAIBEX (CTM2007-66408) and (CTM2006-26206-E/MAR). Author Mercedes de la Paz acknowledges the financial support of the CSIC postdoctoral program JAE-Doc.Peer reviewe