Synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopy of catena-poly-bis(azido-N1,N1)(2-Aminopyrimidine)Copper(II)

The compound [Cu(ampym)(l1,1-N3)2]n (ampym = 2-aminopyrimidine) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and infrared spectroscopy. In addition, Ligand Field and powder EPR measurements have been performed. The structure is solved in space group P21/c with a = 7.303(2), b = 19.716(4), c = 5.949(1) A˚ , b = 98.17(3), V = 847.9(3) A˚ 3 , Z = 2 with final R = 0.0382. The coordination geometry around the Cu(II) ion is distorted square pyramidal, with four nitrogen atoms of four bridging azido anions in the basal plane with Cu–N distances that range from 1.998(3) to 2.069(3) A˚ . The apical position is occupied by a nitrogen atom of the ampym molecule at a Cu–N distance of 2.169(3) A˚ . The trans-basal angles are 165.7(1) and 143.9(1). Weak hydrogen bonding is observed between the two amine hydrogen atoms and nitrogen of an azide anion and the pyrimidine-ring nitrogen atom of a neighbouring molecule (NN distances 3.174(5), 3.106(4) A˚ ). These last hydrogen bonds (N7N3) are forming so-called ‘‘WatsonCrick type’’ hydrogen bonds. In the infrared the vibrations of the coordinated azide anion are observed at 2,062, 1,273 and 655 cm-1 , while the Cu–N vibrations are observed at 370 and 224 cm-1 . Ligand-field and EPR spectra are uneventful and give spectral parameters expected in the range for such Cu(II) compounds. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the Cu(II) ions.Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic Material

Cu(II) Compounds with Pyrimidine-Based Chelating Ligands, Bridged by a Flexible Alkyl Spacer: Synthesis, Characterisation and X-Ray Structures of Methoxide-Bridged Dinuclear-Based Species

Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic Material

Effect of Postnatal HIV Treatment on Clinical Mastitis and Breast Inflammation in HIV-Infected Breast-feeding Women

Background: The relationship between mastitis and antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive, breast-feeding women is unclear. Methods: In the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) study, conducted in Lilongwe, Malawi, 2369 mother-infant pairs were randomized to a nutritional supplement group and to one of three treatment groups: maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART), infant nevirapine (NVP) or standard of care for 24 weeks of exclusive breast-feeding and 4 weeks of weaning. Among 1472 HIV-infected women who delivered live infants between 2004 and 2007, we estimated cumulative incidence functions and sub-distribution hazard ratios (HR) of mastitis or breast inflammation comparing women in maternal ART (n = 487) or infant nevirapine (n = 492) groups to the standard of care (n = 493). Nutritional supplement groups (743 took, 729 did not) were also compared. Results: Through 28-weeks post-partum, 102 of 1472 women experienced at least one occurrence of mastitis or breast inflammation. The 28-week risk was higher for maternal ART (risk difference (RD) 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9, 8.1) and infant NVP (RD 3.6, 95% CI 0.3, 6.9) compared to standard of care. The hazard of late-appearing mastitis or breast inflammation (from week 5–28) was also higher for maternal ART (HR 6.7, 95% CI 2.0, 22.6) and infant NVP (HR 5.1, 95% CI 1.5, 17. 5) compared to the standard of care. Conclusions: Mastitis or breast inflammation while breast-feeding is a possible side effect for women taking prophylactic ART and women whose infants take NVP, warranting additional research in the context of postnatal HIV transmission

Heritability estimates for 361 blood metabolites across 40 genome-wide association studies

Metabolomics examines the small molecules involved in cellular metabolism. Approximately 50% of total phenotypic differences in metabolite levels is due to genetic variance, but heritability estimates differ across metabolite classes. We perform a review of all genome-wide association and (exome-) sequencing studies published between November 2008 and October 2018, and identify >800 class-specific metabolite loci associated with metabolite levels. In a twin-family cohort (N = 5117), these metabolite loci are leveraged to simultaneously estimate total heritability (h2 total), and the proportion of heritability captured by known metabolite loci (h2 Metabolite-hits) for 309 lipids and

Data on sex differences in one-year outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients without ST-segment elevation

Sex differences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients are increasingly recognized. Although it has been found that post-resuscitated women are less likely to have significant coronary artery disease (CAD) than men, data on follow-up in these patients are limited. Data for this data in brief article was obtained as a part of the randomized controlled Coronary Angiography after Cardiac Arrest without ST-segment elevation (COACT) trial. The data supplements the manuscript “Sex differences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients without ST-segment elevation: A COACT trial substudy” were it was found that women were less likely to have significant CAD including chronic total occlusions, and had worse survival when CAD was present. The dataset presented in this paper describes sex differences on interventions, implantable-cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks and hospitalizations due to heart failure during one-year follow-up in patients successfully resuscitated after OHCA. Data was derived through a telephone interview at one year with the patient or general practitioner. Patients in this randomized dataset reflects a homogenous study population, which can be valuable to further build on research regarding long-term sex differences and to further improve cardiac care

Observation of inverse Compton emission from a long γ-ray burst.

Long-duration γ-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from ultra-relativistic jets launched from the collapsing cores of dying massive stars. They are characterized by an initial phase of bright and highly variable radiation in the kiloelectronvolt-to-megaelectronvolt band, which is probably produced within the jet and lasts from milliseconds to minutes, known as the prompt emission1,2. Subsequently, the interaction of the jet with the surrounding medium generates shock waves that are responsible for the afterglow emission, which lasts from days to months and occurs over a broad energy range from the radio to the gigaelectronvolt bands1-6. The afterglow emission is generally well explained as synchrotron radiation emitted by electrons accelerated by the external shock7-9. Recently, intense long-lasting emission between 0.2 and 1 teraelectronvolts was observed from GRB 190114C10,11. Here we report multi-frequency observations of GRB 190114C, and study the evolution in time of the GRB emission across 17 orders of magnitude in energy, from 5 × 10-6 to 1012 electronvolts. We find that the broadband spectral energy distribution is double-peaked, with the teraelectronvolt emission constituting a distinct spectral component with power comparable to the synchrotron component. This component is associated with the afterglow and is satisfactorily explained by inverse Compton up-scattering of synchrotron photons by high-energy electrons. We find that the conditions required to account for the observed teraelectronvolt component are typical for GRBs, supporting the possibility that inverse Compton emission is commonly produced in GRBs