Workplace violence in Queensland, Australia: the results of a comparative study

[Abstract]: This paper presents the results on workplace violence from a larger study undertaken in 2004. Comparison is made with the results of a similar study undertaken in 2001. The study involved the random sampling of 3000 nurses from the Queensland Nurses’ Union’s membership in the public (acute hospital and community nursing), private (acute hospital and domiciliary nursing) and aged care sectors (both public and private aged care facilities). The self-reported results suggest an increase in workplace violence in all three sectors. Whilst there are differences in the sources of workplace violence across the sectors, the major causes of workplace violence are: clients/patients, visitors/relatives, other nurses, nursing management and medical practitioners. Associations were also found between workplace violence and gender, the designation of the nurse, hours of employment, the age of the nurse, morale and perceptions of workplace safety. Whilst the majority of nurses reported that policies were in place for the management of workplace violence, these policies were not always adequate

Experiences of drug use and ageing: health, quality of life, relationship and service implications

roe b., beynon c., pickering l. & duffy p. (2010)Experiences of drug use and ageing: health, quality of life, relationship and service implications. Journal of Advanced Nursing66(9), 1968–1979

Physicians' migration in Europe: an overview of the current situation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The migration of medical professionals as a result of the expansion of the European Union is cause for concern. But there is a significant lack of information available about this phenomenon.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Search of secondary databases about the presence of european doctors working abroad, through two search engines in the Internet (Google and Pubmed) and a survey of professional organisations and regulators in countries of the European Union.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The United Kingdom has more foreign doctors than all other European countries for which figures are available (Ireland, France, Germany, Norway, Portugal, Italy, Austria and Poland). Some 74,031 foreign doctors are registered in the UK, 30.94% of the total. European countries with the highest percentage of doctors working abroad are Ireland (47.5%, or 10,065 doctors) and Malta (23.1%, 376 doctors). The data obtained from Norway, France and Germany do not indicate an increase in the migration of professionals from countries recently incorporated into the EU.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There is significant mobility and heterogeneous distribution of doctors within the EEA and it should be cause for concern among health care authorities. However, there is no evidence about a possible increase in this phenomenon after the recent expansion of the EU.</p

Factors predicting drop out from, and retention in, specialist drug treatment services: A case control study in the North West of England

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background:</p> <p>In the United Kingdom (UK), the National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse (NTA) considers retention to be the best available measure of drug treatment effectiveness. Accordingly, the NTA has set local treatment systems the annual target of retaining 75% of clients for 12 weeks or more, yet little assessment of this target or factors that improve retention has occurred. This study aims to quantify the proportion of people retained in treatment for 12 weeks in the North West of England and to identify factors associated with premature drop out.</p> <p>Methods:</p> <p>The North West National Drug Treatment Monitoring System (NDTMS) was used to identify treatment durations for everyone beginning a treatment episode between 1^stApril 2005 and 31^stMarch 2006 (N = 16626). Odds ratios, chi-square and logistic regression analyses compared clients retained for 12 weeks to clients whose discharge record showed they had prematurely dropped out before 12 weeks. Individuals with other outcomes were excluded from analyses.</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>75% of clients (N = 12230) were retained for 12 weeks and 10% (N = 1649) dropped out prematurely. Multivariate analysis showed drop out was more likely among Asian drug users (adjusted odds ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.08) than their white equivalents. Drop out was more likely among residents of Cumbria and Lancashire (adjusted odds ratio 1.80, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.15) and Greater Manchester (adjusted odds ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.29) than Cheshire and Merseyside and less likely among alcohol users (adjusted odds ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.91). A significant interaction between age and deprivation was observed. For those aged 18 to 24 years and 25 to 34 years, drop out was significantly more likely among those living in affluent areas. For those in the older age groups the converse effect was observed.</p> <p>Conclusion:</p> <p>In combination, the drug treatment systems of the North West achieved the Government's retention target in 2005/06. A number of factors associated with drop out were identified; these should be considered in strategies that aim to improve retention. Drop out and retention are measures that capture the joint effect of many factors. Further work is required to evaluate the effect of deprivation.</p

Heterogeneity in drinking practices in England and Wales and its association with violent behaviour: a latent class analysis

Background: Crude single-item consumption metrics, such as ‘binge drinking’ measures, mask the complexity and heterogeneity in young people’s drinking; thus limiting our understanding of young people’s drinking patterns as well as how alcohol drinking is associated with violent outcomes. Objectives: The current study employed a range of consumption and contextual indicators to explore heterogeneity in young people’s (16-29 years) drinking practices, giving due consideration to their social nature. It also assessed to what extent heterogeneity in drinking practices was associated with violent outcomes. Methods: Employing data from the 2006 Offending Crime and Justice Survey, three measures of alcohol consumption and nine drinking context indicators were utilised within latent class analysis to create typologies of drinking practices amongst current drinkers in England and Wales (n=2,711) and examine their association with violent outcomes. The validity of the typologies was also assessed on age, sex and socio-economic status. Results: Three discernible drinking profiles were identified: ‘regular social drinkers’ (48%), ‘regular pub binge drinkers’ (32%), and ‘moderate drinkers’ (20%). The ‘regular pub binge drinkers’ were found to be more than twice as likely to commit an assault offence (odds ratio = 2.8 95% CI [1.3, 6.2]) when compared to ‘moderate drinkers’. Interaction analyses demonstrated a stronger risk of violence among ‘regular social drinkers’ of low socio-economic status. Conclusions: Interventions aimed at reducing alcohol-related violence ought to give due consideration to the social context of drinking, the levels of consumption, as well as the socio-economic characteristics of the drinker

Young People and Crime Survey, 1992-1993

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The study aimed to provide an estimate of the extent, frequency and nature of self-reported offending among 14-25 year olds in England and Wales, to establish the reasons why some young people start to offend, and what influences those young offenders who desist from offending to sustain a non-criminal lifestyle. Further details about the YLS and links to reports may be found on the Home Office Youth Lifestyles Survey web page.Main Topics:A national random sample of 1,721 young people aged 14 to 25 (plus a booster sample of 809 young people from ethnic minorities) were interviewed about their background, their family life, their school experiences and aspects of their current lifestyle. Respondents were asked to admit whether they had ever committed one of a list of 23 criminal offences or used controlled drugs. Those who had ever committed at least one offence were asked at what age they committed each type of offence for the first time and whether they had also committed an offence within twelve months previous to the interview. Standard measures Likert scaling devices and Registrar General's Classification of Occupation

The Victim's Charter A statement of service standards for victims of crime

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:m02/38175 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Tackling youth crime A consultation paper

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:GPE/1764 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Tackling delays in the youth justice system A consultation paper

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:GPE/1866 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo