A fate-map for cranial sensory ganglia in the sea lamprey.

Cranial neurogenic placodes and the neural crest make essential contributions to key adult characteristics of all vertebrates, including the paired peripheral sense organs and craniofacial skeleton. Neurogenic placode development has been extensively characterized in representative jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) but not in jawless fishes (agnathans). Here, we use in vivo lineage tracing with DiI, together with neuronal differentiation markers, to establish the first detailed fate-map for placode-derived sensory neurons in a jawless fish, the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus, and to confirm that neural crest cells in the lamprey contribute to the cranial sensory ganglia. We also show that a pan-Pax3/7 antibody labels ophthalmic trigeminal (opV, profundal) placode-derived but not maxillomandibular trigeminal (mmV) placode-derived neurons, mirroring the expression of gnathostome Pax3 and suggesting that Pax3 (and its single Pax3/7 lamprey ortholog) is a pan-vertebrate marker for opV placode-derived neurons. Unexpectedly, however, our data reveal that mmV neuron precursors are located in two separate domains at neurula stages, with opV neuron precursors sandwiched between them. The different branches of the mmV nerve are not comparable between lampreys and gnatho-stomes, and spatial segregation of mmV neuron precursor territories may be a derived feature of lampreys. Nevertheless, maxillary and mandibular neurons are spatially segregated within gnathostome mmV ganglia, suggesting that a more detailed investigation of gnathostome mmV placode development would be worthwhile. Overall, however, our results highlight the conservation of cranial peripheral sensory nervous system development across vertebrates, yielding insight into ancestral vertebrate traits.This work was funded by the Biotechnology & Biological Sciences Research Council (Grant BB/F00818X/1 to C.V.H.B), the Wellcome Trust (Ph.D. Studentship 086804/Z/08/Z to C.V.H.B. and D.H.) and the National Institutes of Health (Grants DE017911 and DE16459 to M.E.B).This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.10.02

Humanizing sociotechnical transitions through energy justice: an ethical framework for global transformative change

Poverty, climate change and energy security demand awareness about the interlinkages between energy systems and social justice. Amidst these challenges, energy justice has emerged to conceptualize a world where all individuals, across all areas, have safe, affordable and sustainable energy that is, essentially, socially just. Simultaneously, new social and technological solutions to energy problems continually evolve, and interest in the concept of sociotechnical transitions has grown. However, an element often missing from such transitions frameworks is explicit engagement with energy justice frameworks. Despite the development of an embryonic set of literature around these themes, an obvious research gap has emerged: can energy justice and transitions frameworks be combined? This paper argues that they can. It does so through an exploration of the multi-level perspective on sociotechnical systems and an integration of energy justice at the model’s niche, regime and landscape level. It presents the argument that it is within the overarching process of sociotechnical change that issues of energy justice emerge. Here, inattention to social justice issues can cause injustices, whereas attention to them can provide a means to examine and potential resolve them

Experimental Validation of Cryobot Thermal Models for the Exploration of Ocean Worlds

The tables in this repository represent the data used in the figures and analyses of the paper "Experimental Validation of Cryobot Thermal Models for the Exploration of Ocean Worlds", published in the Planetary Science Journal. The provided data was collected between 2020 and 2022.Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was carried out under a contract (80NM0018D0004) with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and with funding from a NASA Scientific Exploration Subsurface Access Mechanism for Europa (SESAME) grant (80NM0018F0560). Work at the University of Washington was carried out under the same SESAME grant (80NM0018F0560). Work at Stone Aerospace and MIT was carried out under a separate NASA SESAME grant (80NSSC19K0612), as well as under the MIT TVML Fellowship

Evolution of the hypoxia-sensitive cells involved in amniote respiratory reflexes

textabstractThe evolutionary origins of the hypoxia-sensitive cells that trigger amniote respiratory reflexes – carotid body glomus cells, and ‘pulmonary neuroendocrine cells’ (PNECs) -are obscure. Homology has been proposed between glomus cells, which are neural crest-derived, and the hypoxia-sensitive ‘neuroepithelial cells’ (NECs) of fish gills, whose embryonic origin is unknown. NECs have also been likened to PNECs, which differentiate in situ within lung airway epithelia. Using genetic lineage-tracing and neural crest-deficient mutants in zebrafish, and physical fate-mapping in frog and lamprey, we find that NECs are not neural crest-derived, but endoderm-derived, like PNECs, whose endodermal origin we confirm. We discover neural crest-derived catecholaminergic cells associated with zebrafish pharyngeal arch blood vessels, and propose a new model for amniote hypoxia-sensitive cell evolution: endoderm-derived NECs were retained as PNECs, while the carotid body evolved via the aggregation of neural crest-derived catecholaminergic (chromaffin) cells already associated with blood vessels in anamniote pharyngeal arches

Volume 04

Please note that part of pages 92-95 are redacted, in the digital copy, due to a misprint of the original printed article. Introduction from Dean Dr. Charles Ross The Internal Other: Transculturation and Postcolonial Magical Realism in Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children by Matt Szemborski Photography by Phillip Van Ness Photography “Waterfall” by Sarah Croughwell Romancing the Bite: Statistical Analysis of Young Adult Vampire Novels by Sarah Mayfield Photography by Alyssa Strackbein Photography by Marley Kimmel Wine and Society in the Viceroyalty of Peru by Stephanie Skipp Analysis of Claud Monet’s Impression, Sunrise by Jamie Yurasits Exploring Meaning: The Lindisfarne Gospels by Katherine Taggart Photography by Alex Leonhart Photography “Sorority” by Kristen Rawls A Study on E-mail Address Harvesting Behavior by Andrew Armes Print Making by Amanda Haymens Poster “Community” by Allison Paqlowski Poster “Unite. Work Together. Solve” by Erica May Photography by Stephanie Lane A Minimal Working Configuration Set for Asterisk by Luke Acree The Effect of Judges’ Instructions about Case Information on Jury Memory by Cassandra L. Wilson Photography by Stephanie Pishock Photography by Erica Hopson Phonological Similarity versus Semantic Similarity on False Memory Induction by K. Juston Osborne Poster “We the People” by Kathryn Grayson Poster “Unite for a New Voice” by Kyle Fowlkes Poster “There’s no harm in Covering Everyone” by Jessica Cox Poster “Food is Your Common Ground A Universal Experience” by Kaity Byrum Heat-Induced CIS/Trans Isomerization in Vegetable Oils and Oleic Acid by John-Harwood Scott Poster “Siren” by Ashley Johnson Poster “Everything is One” by Samantha Hockman Logo for WMLU College Radio by Emily Staskiel Poster “I am My Own Wife” by Nancy MacDonald Increasing Binding Strength for Capsaicin Analogs through Alteration of Lanthanide Chelates by R. Kruger Bressin Retention of Science Majors Through Different Avenues of General Chemistry Education by Benjamin P. Bilodeau Detecting Counterfeit Ani-Malarials Through Comparison Between High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography and Other Methods of Analysis by Andrea Irby Lithographic print “Economic Apocalypse” & “Winter Pin Oak” by Kristin MacQuarrie Movie Poster “Mean Girls” by Sarah Bietsch Movie Poster “Edward Scissorhands” by Elizabeth Bedna