191 research outputs found
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Modified Weibull theory and stress-concentration factors of polycrystalline graphite
Stress concentration factors (SCF) due to geometric discontinuities in graphite specimens are observed to be much less than the theoretical SCF in an elastic material. In fact, the experimental SCF is always less than two and sometimes even less than one. A four parameter Weibull theory which recognizes the grain size effect is found to give an adequate explanation of the above observed discrepancies
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Review of fatigue criteria development for HTGR core supports
Fatigue criteria for HTGR core support graphite structure are presented. The criteria takes into consideration the brittle nature of the material, and emphasizes the probabilistic approach in the treatment of strength data. The stress analysis is still deterministic. The conventional cumulative damage approach is adopted here. A specified minimum S-N curve is defined as the curve with 99% probability of survival at a 95% confidence level to accommodate random variability of the material strength. A constant life diagram is constructed to reconcile the effect of mean stress. The linear damage rule is assumed to account for the effect of random cycles. An additional factor of safety of three on cycles is recommended. The uniaxial S-N curve is modified in the medium-to-high cycle range (> 2 x 10/sup 3/ cycles) for mutiaxial fatigue effects
Absorption of Unconjugated Bile Acids from the Perfused Jejunum of the Anesthetized Rat: Structureâ Activity Relationships and Rateâ Limiting Steps
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145508/1/lipd12052_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145508/2/lipd12052.pd
Dynamically turning off interactions in a two component condensate
We propose a mechanism to change the interaction strengths of a two component
condensate. It is shown that the application of pi/2 pulses allows to alter the
effective interspecies interaction strength as well as the effective
interaction strength between particles of the same kind. This mechanism
provides a simple method to transform spatially stable condensates into
unstable once and vice versa. It also provides a means to store a squeezed spin
state by turning off the interaction for the internal states and thus allows to
gain control over many body entangled states.Comment: 7 pages 5 figures, symbols changed, minor changes, to appear in Phys.
Rev.
Guidelines for designing green products considering customersâ cultural preferences
The increasing customer awareness of environmental sustainability during the last decade has had an influence on many manufacturers to produce green products. However, issues arise regarding the actual preferences of customers for green products, which often differ depending on cultural influences. Cultural values can affect the decisions of designers to determine detailed design specifications that relate to customer preferences. Currently, few guidelines consider cultural values as an aspect of green product design. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a guideline that incorporates the influence of cultural values on green product design. Malaysia was selected as the location of this study. The sources of data to establish a guideline were obtained from customer perspectives on green products. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to identify cultural influences and preferences on green product characteristics as the input strategies for the proposed guideline. Professional designers from different profiles were asked to identify the applicability of the guideline. Based on the results, the designers agreed that the influence of cultural values is an important aspect that should be considered in the development of green products. The implication of the guideline is discussed in this paper to accelerate decisions of designers in developing green products. Š 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Theoretical study of the absorption spectra of the sodium dimer
Absorption of radiation from the sodium dimer molecular states correlating to
Na(3s)-Na(3s) is investigated theoretically. Vibrational bound and continuum
transitions from the singlet X Sigma-g+ state to the first excited singlet A
Sigma-u+ and singlet B Pi-u states and from the triplet a Sigma-u+ state to the
first excited triplet b Sigma-g+ and triplet c Pi-g states are studied
quantum-mechanically. Theoretical and experimental data are used to
characterize the molecular properties taking advantage of knowledge recently
obtained from ab initio calculations, spectroscopy, and ultra-cold atom
collision studies. The quantum-mechanical calculations are carried out for
temperatures in the range from 500 to 3000 K and are compared with previous
calculations and measurements where available.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, revtex, eps
How to extract reliable core-volume fractions from core-shell polycrystalline microstructures using cross sectional TEM micrographs
A reliable method of extracting core-volume fraction from TEM micrographs of core-shell polycrystalline
microstructures is presented. Three commonly used averaging methods based on a simple spherical
model are shown to consistently underestimate the core-volume fraction due to the interpretation of
a 3D structure from a 2D slice. The same trend is also revealed using Voronoi tessellated structures to
mimic polycrystalline ceramics. In some cases the underestimate is less than half the true core-volume
fraction.
We show that using a new maximum core-volume fraction methodology can improve the extracted
value to a consistent error of less than 5%. This approach uses a value taken from the largest core-volume
fraction measured from 10 grains that exhibit a core-shell microstructure. This provides increasing accuracy
and improvements in the confidence of the measurement when extracting core-volume fractions of
polycrystalline ceramics from 2D TEM micrographs
(Sub)mm Interferometry Applications in Star Formation Research
This contribution gives an overview about various applications of (sub)mm
interferometry in star formation research. The topics covered are molecular
outflows, accretion disks, fragmentation and chemical properties of low- and
high-mass star-forming regions. A short outlook on the capabilities of ALMA is
given as well.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, in proceedings to "2nd European School on Jets
from Young Star: High Angular Resolution Observations". A high-resolution
version of the paper can be found at
http://www.mpia.de/homes/beuther/papers.htm
Structural sustainability appraisal in BIM
The provision of Application Programming Interface (API) in BIM-enable tools can contribute to facilitating BIM-related research. APIs are useful links for running plug-ins and external programmes but they are yet to be fully exploited in expanding the BIM scope. The modelling of n-Dimensional (nD) building performance measures can potentially benefit from BIM extension through API implementations. Sustainability is one such measure associated with buildings. For the structural engineer, recent design criteria have put great emphasis on the sustainability credentials as part of the traditional criteria of structural integrity, constructability and cost. This paper examines the utilization of API in BIM extension and presents a demonstration of an API application to embed sustainability issues into the appraisal process of structural conceptual design options in BIM. It concludes that API implementations are useful in expanding the BIM scope. Also, the approach including process modelling, algorithms and object-based instantiations demonstrated in the API implementation can be applicable to other nD building performance measures as may be relevant to the various professional platforms in the construction domain
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