Methane Emission Assessment from Indian Livestock and Its Role in Climate Change Using Climate Metrics

Indian livestock farming is one of the significant anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) in the world. Here, CH4 emission from Indian livestock and climate change impact in terms of two climate metrics, global surface temperature change potential (GTP) and absolute GTP (AGTP), to assess the surface temperature changes for 20 and 100 year time frame have been studied. CH4 emission from Indian livestock was 15.3 Tg in 2012. GTP20 and GTP100 for livestock-related CH4 emission in India in 2012 were 1030 and 62 Tg CO2e, respectively. The study also illustrates that CH4 emissions can cause a surface temperature increase of up to 0.7–0.036 mK over the 20 and 100 year time periods, respectively. Thus, the negative climate change impact is global in nature, not only restricted to India. GTP and AGTP can be used in climate change impact study and as a more policy relevant tool

Time Requirement for Collecting Cooking Energy in an Indian Village: Comparative Study Between Charcoal and Fuelwood

Energy is the vital input for sustainable development of a country as it is directly related to the country’s economic growth. Even though energy use has doubled since 2000, but energy consumption per capita is still only around one-third of the global average and some 240 million people have no access to electricity. This study investigates the present energy demand scenario of a rural village and finds the possibilities of achieving energy access by the available alternate energy in rural areas. A detailed survey was done on the energy demand and available energy resources in a village of Assam in the Northeastern part of India. Energy demands on different sectors were calculated and the sources of energy were studied. The total technical bioenergy potential is 3.0 MWh per year from available rice husk only. The result implies that there are abundant of untapped bioenergy resources available in the village and alternatives to diversify its source of energy. This research concludes that the energy demand of households varies intensely with national averages. This bottom-up approach study of a rural village is to understand the domestic scenario of villages in developing countries, as it can be related to other villages to a much extent

Common characteristics of feedstock stage in life cycle assessments of agricultural residue-based biofuels

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordIn this study, we conducted life cycle assessments (LCAs) for fuels based on different types of agricultural residues and determined the characteristics common to all LCAs. Each fuel type required specific conversion technology during the feedstock stage, particularly during the production and collection processes. We divided the field-to-fuel life cycle into five high-level and relatively independent sub-stages: production of agricultural residues, collection of agricultural residues, conversion of agricultural residues to biofuels, biofuel distribution, and biofuel utilization. We then illustrated the common characteristics during the feedstock stage for the first two field-to-fuel life cycle sub-stages: production and collection of agricultural residues. Agricultural residues-to-grain weight and price ratios and multifactorial LCA allocations were summarized for the production stage. In addition, the energy use availability coefficient, collection radius, and emissions were determined for each fuel type during the collection stage. System boundaries and benefits of direct emissions reduction during the feedstock stage were also discussed. Our results provide guidance for future LCA studies on agricultural residue-based biofuels.National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaChinese Academy of EngineeringHenan Province Talent ProjectHenan Academy of Sciences Research Project

Calculation of the potential production of methane and chemicals using anaerobic digestion

The authors wish to acknowledge CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), Brazil, for funding the PhD studentship of Igor Silva. The University of Aberdeen is also gratefully acknowledged for the Elphinstone Scholarship awarded to Ifeoluwa Bolaji.Peer reviewedPostprin

Bioenergy Technologies for a Net Zero Transition:Outcomes of UK-India Bioenergy Research Scoping

The report is part of scoping exercise led by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and commissioned to Supergen Bioenergy Hub. The report is for UKRI, funded by UKRI India. UKRI launched in April 2018. UKRI is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). Our organisation brings together the seven disciplinary research councils, Research England, which is responsible for supporting research and knowledge exchange at higher education institutions in England, and the UK’s innovation agency, Innovate UK. Our nine councils work together in innovative ways to deliver an ambitious agenda, drawing on our great depth and breadth of expertise and the enormous diversity of our portfolio. http://www.ukri.org UKRI India plays a key role in enhancing the research and innovation collaboration between the UK and India. Since 2008, the UK and Indian governments, and third parties, have together invested over £330 million in co-funded research and innovation programmes. This investment has brought about more than 258 individual projects. The projects were funded by over 15 funding agencies, bringing together more than 220 lead institutions from the UK and India. These research projects have generated more than £450 million in further funding, mainly from public bodies but also from non-profit organisations and commercial entities, attesting the relevance of these projects. www.ukri.org/india This work was commissioned to inform UKRI/UKRI India priorities and pathways for innovation development in bioenergy with UK-India partnerships